"i

,

NGO MINH euc

NGO MINH Due

STAAD.Pro 2002 PHAN MEM TiNH KET cAu CHUYEN DUNG

•

NHAxu~TBANXAYD~NG HA N01 - 2004

LOINOIDAU

CLing vai su phat triln manh me Clta nen kinh tetrong moi linh V~{C, nganh Xa)' dung ciing phdt trien khong ngung vai nhiing cao &', thdp truyen hinh, cac san vtjn dong co mdi che, nhiing cdy cdu CO khtiu de) vai tram met xudt hien d khap nai. V 4y lam the' nao de' co duac 11111(I1g cong trinh xay dung do S9 nhu V~i)l?

Co flut noi do la thanli tuu Clla rett nhieu nganh kit hop lai nhu loan hoc, co hoc kef cdu, sue ben vd! lieu \'d sue manh I'T dai ('Ita cong ngh¢ thong fill. Ca« k.Y sa Hong the' bang lay ma tinh loan cho nhiing ket ecru nha hang tram tdng, gidi cac bai loan hang ngan, hang trieu dn S(Y: Lam duac nhiing cong trinli nhu v~iy khong tlui khong ki den cdc ph/in mem tinh toan ket cdu. C 6 tlu! ke' ret mot so' hang pluin mem tell tudi trong linli VI/C nay nhu Research Engineer International - REI etta My vai cae san phdm nltu: Sf A A Dill. ST AAD.Pro, Sf AAD.etc. Fabrit.Al): Computer & Structure - CSI Clia My vai sdn phdm: SAP90, SAP2000, IT ABS, SAFE; San plidm PKPM clla Vi¢n hem lam khoa hoc Trung Quoc: B(j san phdm Thai Lan nhu: CRAPS. BAT. GEAR, SysDesigner: Pluin mem PROKON Clla AnI!. .. Plidi noi Id C() rdt nhieu song d dd» cluing fa thdy J1(/i ,,\3/ len la hai luing Research Engineer Incorporation (REI) WI Computer & Structure Clio M.\~. Hai hdng phdn mem nay lien tuc dua ra cdc phien ban mai l'i" san pham cuu niinli. C omputer & Structure, Inc dua ra sdn pluim SAP2000 vai phien bdu moi nlui: tei Version 8.00, phien ban na» &1 dua them mot s6' tinli nang moi .. do nhu klui nang tao rna hinh tinli hoat han, IlL; Ih6!lg bdt diem manh hall, giao dien rhein thicn //(jI1, de sir clung fum ... D()ng {luJi Research Engineer International Cling lien ri!'{) duu ret ule san phdm flgel.V cdllg phong pllll fum, tinh nang manh lion do ta ST!LtD.Pro 2002, STAAD.etc. Fabriil Ai), Visual Draw ....

XiI ve' tinh IlCIIIg thi STAADI Pro duac danh gid fa chuyen nghiep han so voi CclC sail phdm khac vi fir) cry khd I1(lng pluin tich da dang nhieu loai phdn flf nhu: (Cable. Compresion Onty, Extension Only, Solid, Plate). Ttiua: todn Clio SfAADIPro manli han do do chuang trinh chay nhanh fum, khong han clu/s()' plutll fI( Cling nhu C() khd ruing gidi ((Ie kef n{1I plutc IWp.

xc{] theo IO~l/' kef cdu thi STAADI Pro dCI guii dirac cac bai toan trong lidu her cdc linh Vl_{C nhu ding trlnh dan dung c/mg nghiep, cong trinl: cau, cong, cdc bai loan \'e' mung, Mung cluin hav tham chi Cit ling SlI(i! etta ("(IC chi fir", nuiv plutc tap. Trang linh \'l_(C thiet k{ Research Engineer Incorporation dd tich IWp duct I'do san phdm elill minh Tiel! chudn clia rS; nhien fIl((ic /.:I/(IC 111/(/11 nhu. M.v, u: Plu/p, Nluit , Singapc; DII'c, Tdv Ban Nha, Tltl;l}" Diell, DUll M(/(h, Xn D(), Trung QW)c', n» l.au ... It! Ti{u clIIU/11 c//(ill,'\u.

3

~ -.'

IT MDI Pro co giao dien than thien thea chudn Windows, do do de Sir dung. N guoi Sit dung co the't90 mo hinh trong moi truang do J1(?a mot each Ti¢11 lai, de dang thay do'i va ddc bie! la co the" kef hop vai b¢ Editor ella chuang trinh dt him soar, thay do'i file so'li¢u ddu vao ngay trong man hinh chink ella chuang trinh, kha nang nay cac chuang trinh khdc khong co duac.

Cuon sach "ST AAD.Pro 2002 - Phdn mem tinh ke't cau chuyen dung" fa doi khong ngoai muc dich la cling cdp cho nguai doc nhiing kiell thtrc til C(/ bdn den nang cao ve' cacti Sit dung phdn mem nay cho tinlt todn kef Call cdc cong trinh xa)' dung, giao thong, rImy lai .. , , huang dan ddy dlt each sir dung nhiing menu co Trang chuang trinh, true quan va dl slrdl.mg doz' voi moi nguai.

Sacti duac bien soan Ian ddu nen kho tranh khoi nhiing sai sot. Rat mong nhdn duac nhiing y kien dong gop quy ball ella ban doc cho noi dung cuon sach de' ldn xudt ban sau duac hoan thien hun,

Tac gia

4

Chuang rna dall

ST AAD.PRO 2002

PHAN MEM PHAN TICH V A THIET KE KET cAu CHUYEN NGHI~P

1. Gi6i thieu hang Research Engineer Incorporation

Research Engineer International - REI, tru sCi chinh 0 Yorba Linda, California Ht nha cung cap hang dau ve cong ngh¢ thong tin (IT) va thuong mai dien tLL

Mot loat eric phan mem chay tren nen Windows ve ket cau, co khi dan dung, he thong ong ruroc diroc tfeh hop cac chirc nang tll' viec tao mo hinh, ph an rich, thiet ke den th~ hien ban ve V~I in ket qua. Cac phfln mern cua REI giup cac ky str thuc hien cac cong viec ky thuat baa gam phan tich va thiet ke' cau kien xay dung, giao thong, duong ong, may moe, oto, may bay, khao sat va mo hinh hoa dia hinh.

Trong tarn phat trien cua REI Iii dua ra cac ph an mern chay tren nen Windows trong eric Iinh vue kien true, xay dung, tlurong mai, giao thong, cong nghiep irng dung. Cho den nay Cong ty dii phat trien he thong ban hang cua rnlnh a tren 40 rnroc voi luong khach hang len t6i 19000 0 65 quoc gia (trong do co Viet Nam), Tfnh den nam 2003 nay thi REI In nha cling cap san pham phan mem ur van thiet ke dau tien tren the giai diroc cap chirng chiIS0900 I cho eric san pham cua mlnh. V6i moi tnrong hO~1l1 toan me, khuyen khich 51! tich hop cua kluic hang trong cac irng dung cu the, cung cap cac cong cu mem deo, thuan tieu nh<"ll cho khach hang, do ehfnh la muc tieu hang dau rna REI mong muon dat diroc.

Lay chat luong lam rnuc tieu phat trien, REI cung cap de san pham dang tin cay, VI v~: ta co th~ tin wang dung phan mern cua REI vao cong viec ella minh sao cho thai gian ngin nhat rna ket qua lai lit cao nhat,

San pham cua REI d5 co mat a tren 65.quQc gia va diroc sLr dung boi hang ngan ky su kct CeIU, tat d. deu hit! long voi san phdm ella REI VI REI thuc W mang lai hieu qua cho cong vice cua ho.

5

2. San pham ella Research Engineer Incorporation

DlI(_1C xay dung tren cong nghe MFC (Microsoft's Foundation Class), chay tren nen ella Windows 32bit, ST AAD.Pro mang den cho nguoi dung cong nghe phan mem moi nhat. ST AAD.Pro E1 ket qua 20 nam kinh nghiem cua REI trong cong nghiep phan mem ket cau.

Lay STAAD.Pro lam hat nhan pluit trien, Research Engineers Inc da dtra vao bo 5':111 pham ella minh cac modun hiru hieu phuc VI,! cho cong rae tu van rhiet ke nhu thiet ke' cau kien (tong quat vII chi tiet), cac modun tien ich ve in an, phan tich ket qua, chuyen ket s6 lieu cua eho cac nganh khac nhu kien true, vat lieu, gia congo

Chac han khi mua l11('1t phun mern tfnh toan va thiet ke nao do b~1I1 se d~t ra cac cau hoi nhir ket qua tinh roan ella phan mern nay co dang tin cay khong? Ket qua so voi cac chirong trinh khac nhu the nao? Kha nang lien ket s6 lieu cho cac chuang trinh khac de thirc hien de buoc thiet ke tiep theo eo thuan ti¢n khong? Neu ban Iii cong ty da quae gia eo van phong a nhieu noi tren the gioi, moi noi ban lai phai dung de tieu chuan khac nhau d~ thiet ke. Vay phan mern nay do co dap irng diroc yeu cau do khong?

,

v uot qua de doi 'hoi va thir thach canh tranh quyet liet Research Engineer Incorporation da den diroc voi rat nhieu khach hang tren toan the gioi. Muc tieu ella RElla giam thieu khoi luong cong viec cua cac ky su ket cau, tang hieu qua cong viec,

ST AAD.Suite la gi? Day la bo san pham tich hop dung M phan tfch ket cau, thier ke cau kien (be tong cot thep, thep, be tong ... ). M6i san ph am ban than no da la mot phan rnem hoan chinh voi cac clnrc nang chuyen dung, Tuy nhien ban se co sire manh thuc sir . khi co trong tay du cac modun trong b('l STAAD.Suite VI nhirng rnodun nay ho tro nhau, tao thanh bo cong CI,I du manh de thuc hien tinh toan va thiet ke ker cau.

6

STAAD.Pro Core: 13 hat nhan cua bo STAAD.Suite dung d~ phan tich va thier k€ call kien bao gorn tao rna hinh, ph an tich va thiet k€ thea phirong phap ph an nr htru han cao cap. Cac modun b6 sung (Optional Add-in Module) bao g6m thiet ke chi tiet cac caukien va che tao thep, ky thuat duong 6ng va tien hrong ket cau,

STAAD.etc: 13 modun dung d~ phan tfeh va thiet ke chi tier cac call kien do STAAD.Pro ket xuar dir lieu tfnh toan sang (rnong, nrong, san ... ).

SectionWiward: tfnh toan dac tnrng hinh hoc, kha nang chiu hrc cua cau kien cho rnoi loai tiet dien,

STAAD.utilities: B¢ cong C\I tro giup bao g6m:

- Forkeview.aec: so sanh, quan sat ket qua cua STAAD.Pro, STAAD.etc va cac phan

mern CAD khac.

- Layout: tao ra cac bao do va ban ve ky rhuat,

Ng03i ra con co mot s6 modun b6 sung trong b¢ STAAD/Pro nhu:

Visual Draw CAD: dung d~ xay dung cac ket cau phirc tap sau do chuyen sang eho STAAD.Pro, tao cac ban ve ky thuat, chinh sua va in <In.

F abriCAD: 13. modun cho viec nr dong hoa chi tiet ket call thep bao g6m mat bang lap dung, ban ve va chi tiet thiet ke.

Nhtr vay so voi cac doi thu canh tranh thi REI da: virot troi boi sir phong phii ella san ph.irn va dac bier HI kha nang tinh roan, xu Iy, d¢ tin cay cua ket qua tinh toano

3. H¢ thong cac m6dun trong Staad.Pro 2002

3.1. STAAD.Pro - Phtin Itch va thief kl kel cdu

Duoc phat trien boi cac ky sir ket call hang dau cua My voi cac tinh nang manh trong tinh loan va thie"( ke. S.ln pharn da diroc cap cluing chi 1$0900 I ve phat trien, bao tri voi chat luong cao nhat.

Giao dien nguai dung than thien. Nguoi sir dung de dang tao rna hlnh mot ket call phirc tap nhat voi str tro gitip ella giao dien db hoa va soan thao true tiep cac dong lenh.

~~1~~~. .......... I~,; 5 '~.

~ 'ol'~c, 'c<,~;, • \"

".::~~~",,:_,'t,""tl.C"

... c,

'r ~

7

3.3. Quan Jz¢ giiia STAAD.Pro va STAAD.ete

- Co kha nang khai bao cac loai tai trong nhu: tai trong nut, tai trong phan bo deu, tai hinh thang, tai tam giac, tai ling suat tnrcc, tai nhiet do, ap hrc, chuyen V! mit, tai trong doan xe, ...

- Co kha nang tu don tai trong san.

- Co kha nang nr dong don tai trong gio.

_ Chat tai trong xe cho bai toan ket call call cho nhieu tieu chuan khac nhau va tai trong do nguoi dung dinh nghia.

_ Cung cap tim vien rhep thea Tieu chuan ella cac mroc nhu Dc, Anh, Canada, Trung Quoc, Chau Au, An D¢, Nhat, H~lJ1 Quoc, Nga, Nam My voi cac loai tiet dien chir I, thcp C, thep goc L, ong fran va hinh hop,

_ Thiet ke cau kien theo de tieu chuan AISC (ASD va LRSD), AASHTO, BS5400, BS5950, Tieu chuan Canada, Nh~t, Trung Quoc, Phap, Due, Nh~t, An D9 va Scangdinavo.

_ Chuong trinh eung cap 1119t thir vien ket cau thong minh g6m cac doi nrong ket cau dien hinh,

_ De dang tao ra cac bao cao tinh toan theo y muon, ban eo tht tuy bien de baa do nay.

3.2. Cdc chuc nang chinh mtii

_ Co th~ mo hinh cac phan tv keo nen thuan tuy, k~ ca cac phan til tam deo. - Khai bao true t iep he so' nen eho bai toan tinh mongo

_ Chuyen V! Ian nhat ella moi nut trong de twang hop til trong va t6 hop tai trong se

diroc nr dong in ra trong phan Report.

- Cac phan tir khoi eo the in ket qua noi luc tai cac goc.

_ Ung suat eire dai ella phan nr tarn diroc in ra mot each nr dong,

_ Mot so loai tai trong moi diroc str dt .. mg voi dong lenh REPEAT LOAD. - Dang tai trong di dong da tang tir 20 len 100.

- Tinh duoc tai nhiet do doi voi phan tir khoi.

_ Hai modun nay co th~ trao d6i s61i~u eho nhau.

_ Tich hop he thong baa bieu va thiet ke theo tirng biroc voi lua chon Wizard.

_ Dung STAAD.Pro d~ rno hinh, tfnh toan va thiet ke cau kien khung be tong cot thep, he khung thep Ian nhu can tn .. ic, khung nha cong nghiep khfiu d(> 1611.

_ Dung STAAD.etc ket hop voi STAAD.Pro dt phan tfch va thiet ke mongo

_ Dung STAAD.ete kei hop voi STAAD.Pro d~ thiet ke' lien ket khung giira dam va cot.

8

3.4. STAAD.etc - Thier kl cdu kien, lien ket

La modun dung de: thiet ke Call kien nhir: dam,

cot, tarn uon, mong, Wong chan ...

Modlin nay bao g6m:

- Tfnh loan va thiet ke mong don.

- Tfnh loan va thiet ke' nrong chan,

- Thier ke ong.

- Tinh toan lien ket bulong,

- Tfnh roan va thiet ke luang chin.

- Phan tich ket call 3D.

3.4.1. Thief ke'mollg don

- Dua tren cac tieu chuan thier ke.

- Phan tich dieu kien lam viec theo ca hai phuong.

- Tinh roan kiem tra chong Iat, kha nang chiu luc.

- T6 hop tai trong theo h¢ so do ngvai dung khai bao,

- Thep co the chon theo Tieu chuan cua nhieu rnroc (trong 15 rnroc co bang thep da liet

ke b tren).

- Co th~ lam bai loan kiem tra cho cac cac mong da thiet ke.

- C6 thti thay d6i rnoi loai don vi trong qua trinh vao so lieu .

... .. , 'W ,0<., " ~r,

~NIJWIl. .,. 1(1'

_Jtg.~~ .. :~ Jlt I j n-j:~ F: :~

",. ~-'-,_r

I·

1---

I"~ ---.- ,- .-1

~

3.4.2. Bai todn tuong chdn

- Quan tam hang dtlu den kha nang chong cat.

- Thier ke' thee nhieu ticu chuan.

- Dc dang char tai la cac lap dat u mat sal! ella tuong.

9

_ Xac dinh khoang cac tUO'J_lg doi giira lap dar dap va va d¢ lech tam cua chiing. Co th~

them d. tac dong cua hoat tai.

- Tuong chan diroc kiem tra tnrot, momen chong lat.

_ Dien tfch cot thep duoc tinh cho phan chan nrong, phan dinh va phan -than, - Cot thep co th~ tuy chon thea lieu chuan cac nuoc.

- Tuy chon don vi nhap vao.

3.4.3. Thiel ktJ'd/((fIIg 011:5

- Co [h~ tao moi kieu sap xep cua duong ong.

- Tinh roan ap luc dirong ong cho m6i ong trong bo.

- Nhap do cling doc true cho tirng ong trong nhom,

- Tfnh trong tam cho nhom.

- Nhap mornen chong xoan thea hai phuong.

- Tfnh loan d¢ lech tam cua tai trong va mornen tir

trong tam cua nhom.

3.4.4. Thief ke'lIIo,' 1I0'j bulong (Bolt Group Analysis) - Tinh roan luc cat c6 k~ den de? lech tam.

- Co th~ de dang dinh vi duoc vi tri cua dinh bulong.

- Tinh toan trong lam eho nhorn bulong,

- Tinh toan dira ra hrc cat va xoan cho m6i bulong.

3.4 .5. M odun Sect i 011 Wi zard

Day Ia mot tien Ich nit manh trong viec tfnh toan dac tnrng hinh hoc cho tiet dien, Nguiri dung c6 th~ nr rninh xay dung mot thu viec tiet dien theo tieu chuan cua cac mroc hay tao mot tiet dien bat

ky bang do hoa, Chuang trinh nay baa gom cac chirc "'M'~" -, ..

nang nhu sau:

_ Tao ra loai tiet dien bat ky tir cac doi tirong co san.

- Tao rieng thu vieu nguoi sir dung.

- Khi tao fa mot loai tiet dien moi clurong trinh se

tinh dac tnrng hinh hoe cho cac tiet dien d6 baa g6m mornen quart tinh, trong tam ella tiet dien, mat cat, hang so xoan ...

- Tao ra tiet dien t6 hop bang each dira vao modun dan h6i va h¢ so Poatxong.

10

. ...,. .

. , .

.. ~ .,

., " "

.. ~;

..,,;';;1 .:: ..... I"I.;...r;.;;, -, ~.

If ""'*"P ~.

'i~

Portion at S'r~S8 Diagram ~nd SQct;on Pr(J~..e'tIH to( PreW~~sed Cor.cr~te- E;ox GirO", aeove .

Tinh toan 'va hit:n thi ling suat tai moi diem tren tiet dien dira vao lire d9C va rnomen quanh true chfnh (so sanh trng suat eho phep voi trng suat thuc te dt: xac dinh kha nang chiu I ire thirc te cua tiet dien).

Ban d~ dang tim ra mot loai tier dien khac co cac dac tnrng hinh h9C nrong dirong voi tiet dien rna ban dang xet, tir do co th~ chon loai tier dien phu hop,

Co thf xuat ker qua tinh sang cho STAAD.Pro duoi dang Prismatic hay bang tier dien ngirci dung.

11

[R], = [K] + lqJ;

Chuong I

NHUNG KHAI NI~M CO BAN CUA STAAD.PRO

1. L Y THUYET TfNH ToAN

Nhu chung ta da bier ta't cit cac chirong trinh tfnh toan ker cau hien nay deu dira tren phirong phap ph an til hiru han, mot phirong phap cho phep ket hop tot giira ly thuyet tfnh toan ket cau va cong nghe thong tin.

Niji dung ctu: phuong phtip pluin tit hiiu han:

Phuong phap phan nr hiru han la mot phirong phap tot nhat de xay dung cac chuong trinh tfnh roan ket cau dua tren viec thiet l*p va giai cac phuong trinh dai so phirc tap voi An s6 Ia chuyen V! tai nut cua cac phan tU. Qua trinh giai mot bai toan co th~ diroc thirc hien thea cac biroc sau day:

J - Ro'/ rae hoa kef call

Ket cau duoc chia nho thanh cac phan nr goi la qua trinh rai rae hoa ket diu. DQ chinh xac cua bai toan cang cao khi di~ffi ehia ella ket cau cang nho,

2- Ldp ma trdn d¢ cung [K}, clio au: phdn tit

Dua vao d~e tnrng hinh hoc cua tier dien ta tfnh diroc E, F, J, Yc ... cua tung phan nr. Dua vao dieu kien lien ket cua phan tir xac dinh duoc kieu phan ttr.

3- Ltip ilia trdn [R}, clio tiing pluln Ilr trong hf 19u d¢ diu phuang

[RJ; = [Rg], + [Rp],

Trong do:

[R], : vccto tai ella mot phan tir i

[Rg], [Rp] : vecto tai do tinh tai va hoar tai.

4- Phuong trinh can bang trong hf t90 d¢ diu phuang

Trong do:

[ql : vecto chuyen vi nut ella phan tir thir i; [K], : rna tran dq cung ella phan fir i;

[q], : ma tran chuyen vi nut ella phan nr i.

12

5- Phuong trinh can being trong h¢ toa d(J to'l1g thi

- Lap:

- Tim:

- Tim:

- Tim:

[TJ; Y (T]T

[R'J; = [T]T*[R];

(Kl = [T]T;*(K];*[TJ; [g']; = [K'J;*[ql;

[R'l; = [K'l;*[q'l;

- Tim:

6- Ltfp phuang 11'11111 can bang CLia loan ht? trong h¢ toa d(J to'ng the' Gi?P rna tran [K], khir suy bien.

Khir suy bien:

[R'] Y [R'] [K'] y [K'] [g'] y [g']

7- DI/a wio dieu kien bien:

[K'] Y [K']* [g']y [q']*

8- Gidi h¢ phuang trinh tim [q* J cua toan ht( [g*] = [K*] - 2*[R*]

9- Dua \'(10 ['liuyi'n vi, fa se lim duoc 119i luc Clla toan he.

II. NHUNG KHAI NI$M CO BAN

1. Cac each vao dir lieu

So voi STAADIII thl viec vao dir lieu bang STAAD.Pro thuan IQ'i va tnrc quan han. Kha nang do hoa rat manh voi h¢ thong tro giup thong minh giup ngtroi sir dung nhanh chong tao diroc set do ket cau theo y muon. Tuy rnoi tnrong do hoa tot nhir vay nhung STAAD.Pro van cung cap cho ngtroi sir dung kha nang tro giiip cua b(> Editor.

Bi? Editor co phan tro giup tham khao rnanh nen nguoi sir dung co th~ nang cao hieu qua nhap lieu bang mot trong hai phuong phap sau:

- Dang Text: Dung mot phan mern soan thao van ban bat ky (nhu Notepad, Microsoft Word) hoac su dung modun STAAD - Editor trong nhom cac trng dung ella h¢ chuang trinh STAAD d~ chuan bi File so lieu co phan rna rong la *.std.

- Dang Graphics: Nhap true riep trong moi tnrong d6 hoa, voi nhieu cong cu manh. Nhimg ket cau qua phirc tap co th~ dung CAD hay Visual Draw d~ ve sau do nhap vao mo hlnh.

13

Ket cau dtroc hinh thanh hoi cac phan ttr rieng biet nhu darn, C9t, san ... D~ xac dinh mot ket cau can phai:

- Xac dinh cac diem hay nut.

- Xac dinh phan tll' noi gua cac nut do.

STAAD_Pro sir dung he toa do t6ng th~ (Global Coordinate System) va he toa d¢ dia phuong (Local Coordinate System), d~ mo hinh hoa ket cau,

a) H¢ t9Q d¢ rbng the':

H¢ 19a d9 t6ng th~ la he toa d9 bat ky trong khong gian, duoc dung dt mo hinh sa do ket cau, 1110ng thuong thl he 19a d9 co true Z la huong len nhung STAAD.Pro guy dinh true

y
U5
U2
U, X
u.
UJ 2. Cac dang ket Call

M9t cong trinh xay dung khi mo hmh co th~ diroc dinh I1g11'ia brri lap hQP de loai ph an nr khac nhau. STAAD.Pro co kha nang phan tich va thiet ke ket cau co ca cac phan nr thanh, ph an 111 tam va phan nr khoi. Phan 1611 ket cau la khong gian gorn cac phan t11 thanh va tam co chuyen vi, tai trong tac dong theo d. 3 phuong.

Khi mo hinh hoa can phai biet d6i nrong rna mlnh dinh mo hinh se thuoc loai phan t11

nao trong STAAD.Pro. Trong STAAD.Pro co cac loai bai roan CO' ban sau:

Space: Ket cau khong gian chiu rai trong bat kyo

Plane: Ket cau phang trong mat phang (he toa d¢ tong the) chiu tai trong trong mat phang. Truss: Ket cau dan khong gian hoac dan phang, noi lire trong phan nr chi gorn lire d9C. Floor: Ket cau phang (2 chien) hoac khong gian (3 chieu), khong co tai trong ngang

hoac khong co cac tai trong gay ra chuyen V! ngang (chuyen vi theo phuong cac true X, Y, Z ella he 19a d9 tong the). Ket cau khung dO' san khong co tai trong ngang Hl dang ket cau Floor di~n hinh. Neu ket cau co tai trong ngang thi phai rna hmh cluing diroi dang Space.

3. Dan V! - Unit Systems

STAAD.Pro sir dung nhieu loai don vi khac nhau, so lieu vao eho mot bai toan co th~ 0

nhieu he don vi khac nhau.

Cl1lJ y:

- D011 vi ella goc dua VaG phai la "do",

- Ket qua chuyen vi xoay tai nut dira ra la "radian".

4. H¢ toa dQ

z

14

lnrong len luon lit true Y (muon thay dbi thi phai dung lenh Set Z up), ngiroi StY dung nen tuan thea quy dinh mac dinh nay.

- H~ tnrc giaa - Cartersian (X, Y, Z): gom 3 true tuan thea quy tac tam thuan. Chieu quay dirong xac dinh nhu sau:

+ Quanh true Z: X y Y + Quanh true Y: Z y X

+ Quanh true X: Y y Z

- H¢ toa do eire - Cylindrical (R, <1>, Z): R, <1> nam trong mat phang X, Y.

- H¢ toa d9 eire nguoc (R, <1>, Y): R, <1> nam trong mat phang X, Z.

z

y

R

h) H¢ toa dr) diu plurong.

M6i mot doi tuong trong STAAD.Pro deu co mot he toa do dja phuong rieng, he toa d¢ nay g~n vao phan nr, duoc dung d~ mo ta cac dac tnrng hlnh h9C, c.ic kfch thiroc tiet dien cua cau kien (voi ph an tu thanh), be day (voi phan tll' tam) va mot so dang tai trong ... Ket . qua noi lire phan tir khi th~ hien luon gan vai he toa d¢ dia phirong.

s. Hang so v(lt lieu

Cac hang so vat lieu trong STAAD.Pro gorn co: - E : rnodun dan hoi.

- Densi ty : trong luong rieng.

- Poisson's Ratio: h¢ so Poatxong (Poiss).

- Alpha: he s6 gian no vi nhiet,

- Beta Angle and Reference point: goc p va diem tham chieu,

15

5

6

CI1lJ y:

_ Trong phan tich ket cau bat buoc phai dua vao gia tri E, con trong luong rieng se diroc - Slr dung khi co k€ toi trong luong ban than.

- H¢ sO' Poiss duoc dung de xac dinh modun tnrot G thea cong thtrc:

G = 0,5 x E/( I + Poiss)

_ Neu ta khong dua vao he sO' Poiss (Poiss = 0) thi G se duoc lay = 0,5 E.

_ H¢ sO' Alpha diroc sir dung d~ tinh bien dang cua ket cau khi chiu tac dung nhiet d¢.

6. Cac loai lien ket

D~ khai baa dieu kien bien nguoi sir dung phai khai bao cac cac dang 1 ien ket, Trong STAAD.Pro co kha nang (<:10 nhieu loai lien ket khac nhau. Cac lien ket do la:

7

5

8

4----~..----~

Pined

Fixed But 2 Fixed

3 Pined

4

2 Fixed But

Fixed: Ngam cirng thea cac phirong cua he toa dQ t6ng the.

Pined: G6i cO' dinh, ngan can cac chuyen vi thang trong khong gian thea cac true cua h¢ toa dQ t6ng the.

Fixed But: Lien kef bat ki bang each ngan can mot sO' trong cac chuyen vi thang hay xoay thea cac true cua h¢ toa do tong th~ .

Spr ing : Lien ket dan hoi voi cac M sO' d¢ cung dan h6i do nguoi sir dung dinh nghia.

Inclined (fixed or spring) : Lien ket nghieng thea mot phuong do ngiroi sir dung xac dinh.

Founda t i on : Ket hop d6ng thai 51! lam viec cua h¢ ket cau ben tren va rnong phia diroi, Nen dat phia duoi duoc mo ta nhu goi nra dan hoi.

7. Cac loai tai trong khac

Ngoai de loai tai trong tren phan til (Member, Element Plate/Shell, Solid) di'i trinh bay a tren, STAAD.Pro eon cho phep X3c dinh diroc cac loai tai trong sau:

16

/- T di trong mit

Joint Load: tai trong nut, baa gorn momen va lire t~p trung duoc X3c dinh thea h~ toa d¢ tong th{ Neu tai mot nut eo nhieu tai trong thi cac gia tri tai trong cung phuong se diroc cong Iai voi nhau,

2- Tili trong tren thanh Member

Selfweight: trong luang ban than ket diu, tai trong nay diroc tinh dira vao vat lieu, tier dien va chieu dai cua phan tir, Tai trong nay se phan b6 deu tren thea chieu dai ket cau.

Support Displacement Load: chuyen vi cirong birc g6i nra (bao g6m chuyen vi thang va chuyen vi xoay thea cac true cua h¢ toa dQ tong the). D6i veri chuyen vi thl nhap don vi dai, chuyen vi xoay phai nhap bang dQ (Degree).

Area Load: la kha nang rnanh ella STAAD.Pro, kha nang nay eho phep ngiroi sir dung don tai trong ban san v~ cho cac dam. Chuang trinh se tu dong tfnh roan dien chiu tai cho tung dam va don cho cac dam mot each phu hop thea nguyen tac sau:

- Tai trong guy v~ khung (dam) ph an b6 tuyen tinh.

- Dien chiu tai cua mot dam lay bang 1/2 khoang each tai dam gan nhat co phirong song

song (d. 2 ben). Neu khoang each nay 100 hem chieu dai dam dang xet thl tai trong se khong don van dam dang xet.

- Tai trong nay se khong don cho cac phan ttf thanh thuoc loai Cable, Truss hoac Tension Only.

Floor Load: tai trong ban san, guy tai trong tren ban san ve phan b6 tren dam thea nguyen tac phan tai hlnh thang va tam giac,

z

-, /
-, /
-, /
-, "
/
"- /
"- /
"- /
-, /
r------------<
/ -,
/ -,
/ -,
/ <,
/ <,
-,
/ -,
/ -,
/ -,
-, / .... /
.... .... /
"- / -, /
-, / -, /
I '- "
-, " "
>--------< X
/ -, " <,
/ " "
\ / -,
/ \ " <,
/ '\ / -,
/ / <, 6

4

6

4

17

------

3

Trong truong hop S~1O di qua nhieu phan tv thi moi phan nr se nh~111 mot phan tai hinh thang hoac phan bo. Vci nhirng san la hinh da giac bat ki thi su phan bo tai nhir sau:

5

2

UDL

Triangular

Triangular

4

8. M(>t s6 loai tai trong tu sinh trong chuong trinh

STAAD.Pro cung cap kha nang tu sinh tai trong di dong, t.li trong gi6 va tai trong dong

dat theo nhieu lieu chuan khac nhau, Cach lam g6m cac buoc sau:

- Djnh nghia cac tnrong hop tai trong.

- TV sinh cac dang tai trong cho cac tnrong hop:

Wind Load Generator - tl/ sinh tai trong gi6: STAAD.Pro co mot hra chon cho phep xac dinh trong tai gio mot each nr dong, can ctr vao cac so lieu ban dau nlur ctrong do gio va huang gio, Cuong dQ gi6 co the diroc xac dinh khac nhau thea chieu cao tang.

+ Cac gia tri do caD irng voi cac gi:l tri cuong do tren.

+ Cac he s6 b~ mat (Explosure Factor) ling voi tirng khoang do cao.

Dua vao cac tham s6 tren, chuang trinh se tu xac dinh gia tri cac luc nrong rrng voi tirng nut nam tren be mat don gio (hoac trong t~p hop cac nut diroc xac dinh boi nguoi sir dung). V6i he thong khong gian, be rong don gio cua mot khung lay bang 1/2 buoc cot trai + 1/2 buoc cot phai. Doi voi khung phang, be rong don gio lay bang dan vi.

Moving Load Genera tor - til sinh tai trong di dong: STAAD.Pro co mot lua chon cho phep nr dong xac dinh tai trong di dong (dinh nghla cac tai trong tap trung va tai trong vet) hoac chon tir cac tai trong Ian xe tieu chuan cua AASHTO 1983 (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials). Trong tai nay la tap hop cac trong rai t~p trung,

18

khoang each giira cluing la hang so, ngiroi slr dung co tM dinh nghia cac tnrong hQ'P tai trong chinh (Primary Load Cases) sau do clurong trinh se sinh ra cac tnrong hop khac.

OBS seismic Load Generator - Tdi trong d¢/Ig ddt: Lay thee Quy pham ella My UBC -Uniform Building Code.

Theo lieu chuan nay tac dung dong dar duoc quy thanh cac luc tap trung tai cac nut theo cac phtrong trlnh X, Z ella h¢ toa d(> tbng lh~, hirong cua true Y luon luon Ii! huang trong lire. Cac Iuc nut nay phu thuoc vao lire ngang nen (Base Shear) hay tong chan dong ngang (Total Seismic Lateral Force). Luc ngang nen hay tong chan dong ngang duoc ur dong tinh (Dan thee UBC (1985 hay 1994), tuy theo tung tnrong hop C~I th~ rna can phai xac dinh cac he so tarn quan trong, he so mien chan dong ... Sau do IVe ngang nen se diroc phan ph6i thanh cac (iii trong nut tai cac Uing khac nhau.

19

y

Chirong II

cAc KIEU PHAN TUTRONG STAAD.PRO 2002

Phan nr thanh diroc xac dinh boi 2 nut i, j. True dia phirong x di tu nut dau i tai nut cuoi j cua phan tiro Cac true dia phirong y, z nam trong mat phang vuong goc voi true x va trimg voi 2 true quan tinh chinh cua tiet dien phan tir thanh, Xac dinh true y, z thong qua quy t~c ban tay phai.

l. PHAN TlrTHANH (MEMBER)

1. True dia phuong

Quy tdc him tay phdi:

- True x di tir Cel tay den ngon tay tro,

- True y nam trong mat phang vuong goc voi

true x, thea htrong chi cua ngon tay cai.

- True z di xuyen vao long ban tay.

~ x

i-z i-,~, ~l_"~~~ ~YF'

ST <? RA

~YO~' t-,

y

~,

2. Quan h~ gifra h~ toa de) dia phuong va h~ toa dQ t6ng th~

Ta biet rang khi khai bao tai cho phan tu thanh thi co the khai bao trong he toa dQ dia phuong hay he toa d¢ tong the. TI:1Y nhien OWi ket qua noi lire cua phan tu dell duoc dira ra

20

trong he toa dl) dia phirong. Quan h¢ giiia hai h¢ toa de? nay diroc thong qua mot tham s6 goc beta p.

Tham s{/ goc beta (P):

- Khi true dia plurong x song song voi true tong th~ Y (nhir tnrong hop phan tLr la cot), goc p Ul goc rna true dia phuong z phai quay xung quanh true dia phuong x tai vi tri cung chieu voi huang duong cua true tong the Z:

- Khi true dia phirong x khong song song voi true tong the Y, goc P la g6e rna h¢ toa "d¢ dia phirong phai quay xung quanh true dia phuong x toi vi tri sao eho true dia plurong z phai song song voi mat phang x-z va true dia phuong y cung chieu voi huang dUO'!1g ella true t6ng th~ Y.

y

~0;F- ,

v

x

~(t'. y y ~,:" -f< '

k ,;r~o:o'

j3 = 0: z Y

x

x

z

z

p = 0"

x

z

Tham sodiem tham chieu (Reference point):

Diem tham chieu lit ITIQt each thay the cho tharn s6 goc p, do lit mot diem tuy y narn trong mat phang x-y cua he toa do dia phirong. Can eu vao diem tham chieu va true x (da xac dinh) cua he toa dQ dia plnrong, chtrong trinh se nr dong xac dinh duoc cac true dia plurong con lai.

..

21

3. NQi luc phan ttl thanh

D6i voi phan tir thanh khi lam viec khong gian, mbi dau phan til (nut) co 6 b~c nr do nrong ling voi 6 chuyen vi (3 chuyen vi thang, 3 chuyen vi xoay) irng voi he toa d¢ tong the. Cac thanh phan noi Il)'C 0 rnoi dfiu phan nr 1;\:

My, M, : Momen u6n quanh 2 true dia phuong y, z.

M, (T) : Mornen xoan quao true thanh.

Fy, F, (V) : Lire cat thee 2 phtrong y, z.

Fx, (P) : Lire doc.

4. f)~c trung hlnh hoc cua phan tir thanh (Member)

Cac dac tnrng hinh hoc ella tiet dien duoc tinh dua vao s6 lieu CI,1 tht cua tirng loai tiet

dien, cac tier dien d6 co tht tao thee cac each:

- PRISMATIC: phan til thanh co tiet dien bien dOi deu.

- Lay tier dien tir thir vien thep co san (cac bang thep ella 15 ruroc).

- Lay thep tir thu vien thep dinh nghia bOi nguoi str dung.

- TAPERED: phan til thanh co tiet dien thay deli.

- Dinh nghia tiet dien tir modun Section Wiward.

Cac dac tnrng hlnh hoc rna chirong trinh dung de tinh loan:

AX Dien tfch mat cat ngang
AY,AZ Dien tich chiu cat theo true y. z cua h¢ 19a d¢ dia phuong
Ix Mornen quan tfnh d~ eire (chong xoan)
IY,IZ Mornen quan tinh chong uon quanh true dia phirong y, z 22

YD Chieu cao cua tiet dien chir nhat, chir T..: Kfch thuoc theo phirong true y cua he
toa d¢ dia phirong
ZD Chieu rong cua tiet dien chir nhat hay chieu rong ban canh cua tiet dien chfr T hay
chieu rong canh day IOn cua tiet dien hinh thang - kich tluroc theo phirong true Z
cua h¢ toa de? dia phuong
ZB ~ day ban bung cua tiet dien chir T hay chieu rong canh day cua tiet dien hinh
thang 5. Tai trong thanh (Member Load)

Tai trong co th~ xac dinh thea he toa dq tong th~ hoac he toa dq dia phirong, Khi khai

bao tai ta co th~ khai baa thea he toa d¢ tong th~ hay h¢ toa d¢ dia phuong.

- Concentrated Load: Tai trong tap trung tren phan tu thanh (Il!C va momen).

- Oni form Load: Tai trong ph an b6 d~u tren phan til thanh (lire va momen),

- Trapezoidal Load: Tai trong life ph an bo dang hinh thang hoac tam giac tren mot

doan hoac ca chieu dai phan tlf thanh.

- Temprature Load: Tai trong nhiet d¢ (UtC dung thea phuong true x, y, z cua he toa do dia plurong).

- Prestress & Post-stress: Tai trong irng suat tnroc. Chi dung trong cau kien be tong col thep. Co 2 loai:

- Tai trong img suat tnroc cang truoc (Prestress): Oilg suat nay khong gay noi life eho cac phan tlf khac.

~--------------10h ~------------~

- Tai trong t'rng suar truce cang sau (Poststress): Ung suat n~IY gay fa noi Inc cho cac phan ttf khac,

!--- 5ft -~~-- 10h -----1--

5ft -----l

Tu! trong J(I/g slIdr truo: cdllg sail Post-Stress.

23

K=-----

Khi dar tai irng suat tnroc can phaixac dinh 3 thong _so do la: de) lech tam 0 dau phan nr, giira va cuoi phan nr (hru Y la chuang trinh chi tinh duoc tai img suat tnroc khi khai baa dq lech thea plurong y, VI v~y neu phan ttr co chieu ding khong trung vci true Y thl ta phai thay

d6i goc beta ~).

Start Eccentricity - SE: diroc xac dinh bang do lech cua bo cap so V61 true thanh.

Midle Eccentr ici ty - MD: duoc xac dinh bang khoang each tir tam cua bo thep roi true thanh tai tiet dien giira dam.

End Eccentr ici ty - EE: do lech tam cua bo thep tai cuoi phan tir.

C/1I1 y: Neu do lech thea huong dtrong cua true y thi nhap gia tri duong, ngtroc lai nhap gia tri am. Neu muon co duoc dieu kien lam viec nhu dam tren thi ta phai chia dam tai cac vi tri chot thep.

II. cAe DANG PHAN TUTHANH DAe BI$T

Co rat nhieu dieu kien lam viec khac nhau cua phii~l ttl thanh, khi clning tra nen dac biet ta xac dinh dieu kien lam viec cho chting nhir cac phan nr cap chiu keo hay nen thuan niy.

I. Ph an tir thanh dang cap (Cable)

Day la dang phan nr thanh co irng suat ban dau, de) cirng cua phan ttl duoc xac dinh tv thanh phan de) cirng do de) dan dan h6i khi chiu tiii (Kdh) va thanh phan de) cirng do co sir thay dbi SO del hinh hoc (Khh) (thanh phan nay phu thuoc irng suat ban dau). De) ciing cua phan nr thanh dang Cable:

2. Phan ttl thanh chiu keo hay nen thuan tuy (Tension or Compression Only)

De phan tfch nhirng ket cau chi chiu luc doc true nhu phan til dan, ta co hai each de xac dinh cluing do la: chiu keo hay chiu nen thuan tuy, Khi do can phai khai bao cluing trong

dong lenh (TRUSS):

_ Tension Only: day la dang phan til thanh chi co irng suat keo, Neu trong phan til ton tai trng S0<1t nen thi de) cirng cua phan ttr khong diroc dua vao rna tran dq cung cua he.

_ Compression Only: day la dang phan tir thanh chi co irng suat nen. Neu trong phan til ton tai irng suat keo thi de) cirng cua phan til khong diroc dua vao rna tran cimg cua he.

3.Phantfrthanhlo~dAn(Trus~

Trong phan tir chi co img suat doc true (keo hoac nen), khong ke den bien dang cat, bien dang uon va bien dang xoan.

24

4. Phan til thanh co doan lien ket lech tam tal nut (Member Offset)

Trang he k€t cau, mot so phan tt'r thanh co the xuat phat tir cung mot mit nhung thirc te cac duong true thanh khong dong guy; hoac tai mit lien ket kich thuoc tier dien phan tu thanh nay co anh hirong t6i su lam viec cua phan tu thanh khac cung chung nut do hay con goi HI. vung cirng phan tt'r. De xet toi cac d~c diem nay hay chon loai phan nr thanh co Offset. Khi xet hien nrong nay do lech tam gay ra luc thir cap va hrc nay ding diroc ke den trong qua trinh tfnh toano

I I -j

I I

--I--

I

I

I

I

I

Member Offset

1 Start 7 ; I End -6 ; 2 End -6 -9

5. each tao lien ket cung

Master/Slave Joints - Nut chu va nut phu thuoc, trong STAAD.Pra cho phep ta tao cac lien ket cirng trong h~ ket cau (nhu ket call ban san co d<) cirng rat 16n trong m~t phang cua no), hay nci he ket cau vci mot hay nhieu nut cung nao do (cac diem co dinh, diroc coi nhir cling tuyet doi). Ta phai chi fa nut chu (Master) va cac nut phu thuoc (Slave), cac nut Slave se co cung chuyen vi nhu nut Master. Cling eo the chi fa cac bac tu do c~ the (cac chuyen vi) rna cac nut Slave phu thuoc vao nut Master.

III. PHAN nrr AM VO (PLATE/SHELL ELEMENT)

1. Khai niem chung

Phan tir tarn, vo co hlnh dang tam giac hay tCr giac. Phan nr U1m (Element) dung de mo hinh hoa ban san, 16i thang rruiy, vach cirng trong nha cao tang, be chira ... Trong mot ket

cau co the gom de phan tir thanh va cac ph an nr tam. Khi cac nut cua phan tir nr giac khong dong phang nen dung 2 phan tlr tarn giac. Be day ella tam tai de nut co the' khac nhau (day la kha nang rat manh rna ciic chuang Trinh ker cau khac khong co diroc).

25

z

x = ON

Mf)t SO' luu Y khi 1110 hinh h6a:

_ Khi gan cac nut cua phan nr, nen di theo ehu vi phan tu (co th~ ngiroc hay xuoi chieu kim dong ho),

- Ty I¢ cac canh cua phan tu nen nho hon 4: 1.

_ Goc gifra 2 canh k~ nhau trong phan tu khong diroc IOn hem 1800, tot nhat tir 45° - 1350•

! ~ t;J D D
J J
Danh 56 dung
J D D
TV sinh nut gill'a J K
Danh 50 sai
D cJ Z ~
Me) hinh tot Me) hinh khe)ng t6t
I:J 6 ~ A 2. H¢ toa do dia phuong cua phan ttl tam vo

H¢ toa de) dia phuong luon luon co true z vuong goc vai mat phang cua phan IU. True x , y nam trong mat phang cua phan IU. D~ xac dinh cac true dia phuong x, y ta lam nhir sau:

_ Xac dinh cac trung diem M, N, 0, P ella cac canh Il, JK, KL, LI.

_ Vecto PN xac dinh true xi (trong phan tir tam giac x xac dinh boi vecto ON, vecto nay luon song song voi canh IJ).

_ True dia phirong z la tich cua 2 vecto PN va MO (trong phan tir tam giae z la tich ella 2

- -

vecto ON va MK): z == PN x MO.

_ True dia phirong y la tfch cua 2 vecto z va x: y == Z x X

MK

Me

y

y

26

3. Tai trong phan tir tam vo

Manh hon him cac chuong trlnh khac v~ kha nang khai bao tai tren phan til' tam vo.

Trong STAAD.Pro, tai trong co th~ khai bao tren phan tiI tam va diroc xac dinh thea h~ toa d¢ tong the hoac he toa d¢ dia phtrong. Tai trong tren tam co th~ toan bo hay mot phan cua tam. Ole loai tai trong do la:

- Tai trong nut trong he toa do t6ng th~.

- Tai trong tap trung tai mot diem trong phan tiI thea he toa d¢ dia plurong hay tong the.

- Ap lire ph an bo deu hoac bien thien ruyen tfnh thee mot trong 2 phuong (x hoac y) tren

toan bo phan til hoac tren mot ph an cua phan tiI thea h¢ toa d¢ dia phuong hay tong th~ (ap life thuy tinh hoac ap hrc dal Iii nhtrng VI du di~n hlnh bien thien tuyen tfnh mot phtreng).

- Tac dung nhiet do: SI,l' tang giam hoac khac nhau gifra mat tren va mat dirci cua phan til, khi nhiet d¢ moi tnrong thay d6i ban ciing co th~ tfnh diroc noi hrc do no gay fa.

4. Ket qua n(li luc cua phan tir tarn - vo Ket qua noi hrc co th~ dira ra tai cac vi tri: - Tai tam cua phan tiI.

- Tai cac nut goc cua phan til.

- Tai diem bat kl nam trong phan til do ngtroi siI dung xac dinh,

Cac gia tr] noi hrc hay irng suat (tirong irng voi he toa dQ dia phuong) bao gam: - Q., Qy : lrng suat cat (lire / I don vi dai / 1 don vi day).

- F" Fy, F,y : Uiig suat mang (hrc / 1 dan vi dai / 1 don vi day).

- M" My, Mxy : Momen uon tren dan vi chieu dai (rnomen / 1 don vi dai),

- sm", Smin : Dng suat chinh (Iirc / mot dan vi dien tfch).

- Tma> : lrng SUa! cat 16n nhat (lire / mot dan vi dien tich).

Goc xoay cua mat phang chinh ANGLE (do).

M~ttren

M!\t dLiai

27

2

s. M()t s6 chu y v6i phan til tam - vel

_ Neu trong he ket diu t6n tai cit phan nr tam - vo va phan nr thanh thi phan khai baa vi:. phan tir thanh phai d;:tt tnroc phan tir tam vo trong file so lieu.

_ Trong hrong ban than cua phan tir tam - vo duoc don thanh tai trong nut chir khong phai ap lire bf:_ mat tren phan tiro

_ NC>i luc ph an nr duoc dua ra tai cac duong tim, true chir khong phai tai cac canh bien.

_ Ngoai cac ket qua irng suat da trlnh bay a tren, chuang trinh con in ra cac irng suat Von Mises Stress tai mat tren va m;:tt duoi cua phan tiro

3 3 1.4
I I
I I
I I
I I
J.,_6 J.,_6
,/' , »< -,
,- -, ,- -,
,- <, ,- -,
.... ....
,- -, --- ,
,- , ,- -,
,- ,-
7 5.8 7 5,8 IV. PHAN TO' KHDI (SOLID)

PMn tir kh6i thirong diroc dung trong bai toan phan b6 irng suat 3 chieu cua cac loai ket cau nhir de, d~p be tong hay dia tang dat da. Day la dang phan tir dAng hirong 8 nut, mlli nut co 3 bac tu do la cac chuyen V! thAng.

Tu dang phan tir 8 nut eo th6 dua ve dang phan tir SOLID co 4 out den 7 nut bang each keo dan cac mit, cac phan tir co hlnh dang nhir a dlioi co th6 duoc tao fa.

2

2.3

1.4

7

5,8

28

7

8

2

1,2,3.4

7

5,8

3. H~ toa dQ dla phuong cua phan tii khcl (Solid Local Coordinate System)

Cac true cua he toa d(> dia phuong song song voi cac true cua h¢ toa d(> tong [he. G6e cua he toa d(> dia phtrong trung voi tam cua phan ttl.

y

z

Chu y: V6'i phan tii khoi, ban khong can dira vao cac d~e tnrng hlnh hoc rna chi can cung cap cho clurong trinh cac d~c tnrng vat lieu nhu modun dan hci E, he s6 Poatxong (Poission's Ratio).

4. Ket qua irng suat cua phan tir khoi

Ket qua irng suat dira ra tai tam va tai cac nut cua phan tii kh6i, bao g6m: - Sxx' Syy, Szz : de Ling suat phap.

- SXY' Syz, Szx : cac Ling suat tiep.

- St, S2' S3 : cac Ling suat chinh.

- Von Mises Stress SE : Ling suat Von Mises Stress.

- 6 Direction Cosines: 6 eosin chi phirong.

29

30

Chuong III

cAc DA-NG PHAN TicH KET cAu SlrD1)NG TRONG STAAD.PRO

V 6i kha nang giai ca cac bai loan tuyen tfnh va phi tuyen, ST AAD.Pro co kha nang phan tich diroc nlt nhieu dang ket cau, tit cac bai roan tinh den cac bai toan dong. Cac dang do co the nhom vao 3 dang phan tich sau:

- Phan tfch thea de:> cirng (Stiffness Analysis).

- Phan tich bac 2 (Second Order Analysis).

+ Phan tfch thir cap P-Delta (P-Delta Analysis). + Phan tfeh phi tuyen (Non-Linear Analysis).

- Phan tich dong (Dynamic Analysis).

1. Phan tich theo de) cung (Stiffness Analysis)

Day la dang phan tfch tuyen tfnh rna ta vfin thirong gap. Dang phan tich nay dua tren co SO phuong phap rna tran (Phuong phap PTHH). H¢ ket cau duoc coi Ia tap hop cua cac phan tiI dang thanh, tam, khol (mbi phan tiI diroc gia thiet la co ham chuyen vi tai nut chung). Ma tran de:> cirng diroc thiet lap tren so d6 ket cau ban dau khong bien dang. Viec giai phuong trinh dai s6 tuyen tinh dtroc thirc hien thea phirong phap Cholesky (thuat roan rna tran vet, phuong phap nay giup bai toan co the giai nhanh hem) co sua d6i.

Qua trinh phan tich co xet toi anh huong ella van de mat 6n dinh cua ket cau (cue bo hay tong th~) hoac sai s6 trong qua trinh tinh toan,

2. Phan tich thir cap P-Delta va phan tich phi tuyen (Non-Linear Analysis) a) Phiin tich P-Delta

Khi chiu tai trong trong he ket cau bi bien dang, tai trong van tiep tuc tac dung len ket cau da bi bien dang va hien nrong nay sinh ra cac luc thir cap do anh huang cua trong tai

dirng tren cac chuyen vi ngang ella nut. Anh huang tlur cap nay (duoc goi la anh huang P-Delta) dong vai tro quan trong trong phan tfch ket cau. Qua trinh phan tich P-Delta bao

gom cac biroc sau day:

_ BI/6c 1: Tinh toan chuyen V! ban da.u do tac dung cua tai trong (giai he buoc d:iu),

_ Buoc 2: Cac chuyen vi ban dau duoc ket hop voi tai trong ban dau de tfnh toan tai trong thir cap. Vecto tai trong sau do duoc X3.c dinh lai (nrc Ul k~ t6i anh huang bac 2). Chii y rang tai trong ngang phai luon luon cimg co m~t voi tai trong dung nham xel duoc anh huang P-Delta mot each thfch hop. Lenh Repeat Load rill c6 tac dung trong muc dich nay.

- Buoc 3: Tien hanh phan rich 1< .. i tren co S0 vecto tai trong vira co duoc d~ tim cac chuyen vi maio

- Buo: 4: Tinh noi lire va phan hrc thea cac gia tri chuyen vi maio

Kieu ph an tich nay cho ket qua kha chinh xac voi bai toan chuyen vi nho. Nen dung kieu phan tfch nay doi voi ker cau be tong cot thep. Staad.Pro cho phep chay qua trinh l~p tren nhieu hill, nguoi slr dung chi can chi ra solan l~p mong muon.

b) Phan tich phi tuyen (Non-Linear Analysis)

Qua trinh phan tich phi tuyen xem xet tal ca sa do hinh hoc du bien dang va tiii trong thtr cap. Kieu phan tich nay phu hop voi bai roan chuyen vi Ian. Khi chuyen vi 1611, dan toi vi trf dat hrc thay doi, do d6 van de xet toi tal trong tlur cap tra nen quan trong, Them nfra, rna tran dQ ctrng l~p tren sa do bien dang, rna bien dang lai phu thuoc vao tai trong, do do su phi tuyen con phu rhuoc vao tai trong. Qua trinh phan tlch phi tuyen gam cac buck:

- Buac 1: Tinh chuyen vi ban dau do tai trong,

- Buac 2: Xac dinh lai rna tran dQ ctrng thea sa do bien dang dira tren cac chuyen vi vua

dat diroc.

- Buac 3: Lap lai vecto hrc nut c6 xet anh huang thti cap (rren co SO cac chuyen vi va tal

trong ban dau),

- BI(o'(' 4: Giai h¢ plurong trinh tim de chuyen vi moi.

- Buac 5: TIm noi hrc va phan lire thea de chuyen vi moi.

- Buac 6: V 6i kieu phan tich nay Staad.Pro ciing cho phep chay q u.i trinh lap tren nhieu

Ian, nguoi SLr dung chi can chi ra so Ian 1~IP mong muon.

Clui .}': Tat ca cac tai trong co kha nang gay ra chuyen vi Ian phai duoc dira vao trong cac tnrong hQ'P tai trong dung phan tich phi tuyen,

3. Phan tich dong (Dynamic Analysis)

Staad.Pro xet tci eric 10<;1i ba: loan dong sau: Bai toan dao dong nr do - bai totin tri rieng (Free Vibration). Bai loan phan tfch pho phan .... rng (Response Spectrum Analysis) va bai roan phan tfch dao dong cuong birc (Forced Vibration Analysis).

a) Bai loan tri rieng (Eigenproblemt

Bai toan tri rieng xac dinh cac tan so va dang dao dong rieng (Structrure Frequencies) urcng .... rng cua h¢ ket cau co kho] I uong. Day la nhtrng thong so phu thuoc rat 16'n vao SCi do phan be khoi luong cua h¢ ket call, trong khi do ket qua cua bai toan pharr tich phc phan irng va phan tfch dao dong wang birc lai chill anh htrong true tiep tir cac thong so nay. VI vay, nguoi slr dung phai nYt dn than trang. vice mo hrnh h6a su pharr b6 khoi I irong cua he ket cau. TSt d. eric kho] IUQ'ng c6 trong he ket cau dell pha: duoc dira van diroi dang tai trong.

31

F(t) = Fosin(wt + <t»

c) Bai loan phan ticb pho' ph an ftng (Response Spectrum Analysis)

Tac dung dong dat dtroi dang ph6 phan irng bieu thi theo gia toe nen phu thuoc vao thai gian hoac chuyen vi cua dat nen theo thai gian. Hu6ng cua gia toe (hay chuyen vi) diroc xac dinh theo cac phuong nhat dinh (can ctr vao goc toa dQ va mot diem tuy y do ngiroi su dung xac dinh). Nguoi su dung cling dn lua chon h~ s6 can cho ke't cau, dong thai tnroc do ciing phai dua bai toan vao kieu phan tfch dong. Ket qua cuoi cung diroc t6 hop lai tu cac phuong duoc chi dinh, theo kitu CQC (Complete Quadratic Combination - T6 hop bac 2 diiy du) hoac SRSS (Square Root of Summation of Square - Can bac 2 cua 16ng cac blnh phtrong).

d) Bai todn phdn tich ktl cau chiu tdi dao dtJng theo thOi gian (Response Time History Analysis)

Tai trong thay d6i v€ tri so va vi tri thea thai gian (Time History). V~ tong quat, tai trong dong la mot ham tuy y ella khong gian va thai gian. Tai trong dao dong dieu hoa cling UI. mot dang tai trong co the rnieu til du6i dang ham cua khong gian va thai gian nhir sau:

Trong do:

F(t) - gia tri cua lire tai thai di~m t; Fo - bien de? cue dai;

w - tan so dao dong;

<1> - pha ban dau,

32

Chuang IV

THIET KE CAU KIEN BE TONG C6T THEP - THEP

STAAD.Pro eho phep ta thuc hien thiet ke' cac cau kien be tong cot thep, ket cau thep, mong dan. Ket qua kiern tra co th~ chuyen sang modun ST AAD.ete M tinh toan va thiet ke lien ket. Voi kha nang rat manh, STAAD.Pro eho phep thiet ket de du kien voi thu vien thep phong phu ella cac ruroc. Ngoai ra ta cling eo th~ tao cho minh mot thu vien thep rieng thea tieu chuan Viet Nam. Trong qua trinh thiet ke cau kien thep chuang trinh se tinh lap nhieu.lan d~ tim tier dien toi iru nhat rna van bao dam kha nang chiu life.

1. THIET reB MONG DON (ISOLATED FOOTING DESIGN)

Khi rno hmh hoa ket call ta thuong dung cac g6i de lien ket dar, chtrong trinh se tinh phan lire a cac g6i nay. De thiet ke mong ta can phai chi ra cac goi can thiet ke va chon tieu chuan thiet ke luang irng. Phan Iirc nguy hiern nhar trong cac twang hop tai (nrc lit tao ra kich thuoc mong Ian nhat) se duoc kiem tra. Ket qua dira ra bao g6m cac kich thuoc day rnong, dien tich thep va cau tao cot thep. C,! th~ de biroc thiet ke nhu sau:

- Biro: 1: Lay noi hrc 13 ker qua ph an hrc nut tai g6i dang thiet ke.

- B/(6'c 2: Tai trong duoc lay tang 10% d~ them phan tai trong ban than mongo

- Buac 3: Kich thiroc cua mong se la hinh chir nhat voi ty 1¢ cac canh do nguoi dung

quyet dinh thong qua cac tharn so.

- Bu'O(' 4: Khi thiet ke ta co lh~ chon hay khong chon phan thier ke c6 mongo

- Buac 5: Chuang trinh STAAD.Pro khong thiet ke' duoc neu noi lire (hrc d9C) a g6i la

lire nh6 (uplift).

Cach thirc thiet ke:

- Dua van noi hrc va sire chiu tai cua dat nen do ngiroi dung nhap vao chuang trinh se thiet ke', dira ra kfch thuoc mong, dien tich thep va chi tiet c6t thep.

- Chicu eao cua dai diroc tinh dua vao phan hrc dat nen.

- Cac thanh thep cho cling duoc tinh roan va dua ra (y file ket qua.

II. THIET KE KET CAU THEP

STAAD.Pro co kha nang thiet ke' ket cau thep thea rat nhieu tieu chuan va guy pham kluic nhau ella nhieu mroc tren the gioi, STAAD.Pro cung cap cac tien Ich cho phep ta cung hie co th~ thier ke' duoc nhieu loai diu kien khac nhau.

33

WELD ANGLE WIDE FLANGE TEE I CHANNEL
TYPE Thep gal' I canh rong ChfrT Chl! C
y y y
y i~z t~l ~,
I -Z,
f----. -
y y , y
2 ==(z ±~Z t~, ~,
- 1. Cac biroc thiet ke

- Xac dinh cac phan nr va tnrong hop tai trong can thiet ke.

- Chon tieu chuan thiet ke.

- Cac tham s6 thiet ke duoc clurong trinh cho stin thea c.ic tieu chuan kluic nhau, Illy

nhien nguoi sir dung co th~ thay d6i.

Qua trinh thiet ke' eo th~ lap thea nhieu btroc, tuy thea yeu call cua bai toano

Cac lieu chuan chinh diroc dung trong bai loan thiet ke' rhcp IA AISC-ASD, AISC-LRFD va AASHTO ...

Hien nay trong STAAD.Pra dii tich hop cac loai tiet dien chir I canh rong, S, M, HP, thep goc, thep C, C doi, dam ... Cac loai thep duoc eh911 cac loai tiet dien thep co trong thu vien cua STAAD.Pra (tham chi cit thu vien thep do ngiroi si'r dung djnh nghia) thea c.ic lieu chuan cua de ruroc khac nhau tren the gioi.

2. Cac loai tiet dien thep

Ta eo th~ chon de loai tiet dien thep co trong thir vien cua STAAD.Pro (tham chi ca thu vien thep do nguoi sir dung dinh nghia) thea cac tieu chuan etta de ruroc khac nhau tren the gioi. Duoi day se giai thieu cac loai tiel dien ehfnh:

PIPE TUBE
A' Ong chir uhat
Ong
, y
o &' Tam be tong Tam phu
, o.~, ~ , _ J:
~ T
r%
r%
./
Dam I to h<;lp
• • I Cac tiet dien thep, be tong lien hop (hoac tiet dien thep co tam thep phu) duoc khai baa tir cac tiet dien thep tren.

34

3. Cac biroc him bai toan thiet ke'

- SU'()'C I: Vao so do ket cau d~ phan tich, gorn co: sa do hinh h9C, thuoc tinh v~t lieu, tiet dien, dieu kien bien. cac t~li trong ...

- Buac 2: Xac dinh kieu bai roan: ki6u thiet ke Select hay kieu kiern tra Code Check.

- Buo: 3: Ch911 die thong so thiet ke' d6 tinh toan (neu eric thong s6 nay khac voi gin tri

mac dinh cua chirong trinh).

4. Bai toan kiern tra (Code Checking)

Muc dfch cua bai roan kiern tra ta kiern tra cac thuoc tfnh mat cat diroc cling car co thea man dieu kien chill luc hay khong, de cong thuc kiern tra diroc 1<1Y theo lieu chuan khac nhau. STAAD.Pro se I[,y de gia tr] noi hrc tai cac mat cat hoac tai cac tict dien dtroc chi dinh, NC'u khong co tier dien nao diroc chi dinh thi chuang trinh se lfiy noi lire tai hai mat dtt tai hai dfiu rhein ttr thanh d6 kicm tra, ket qua se cho bier tiet dien dat (PASS) haykhong dat (FAIL) va cac tharn so C~I the' kh • ic. Bai toan kiem tra co tht'! xet b{lt ky loai tiet dien thep nao xet 0 phan tren,

S. Hili toan thiet ke (Member Selection)

Trang bai loan thier ke, STAAD.Pro se chon loai tiet dien thep toi tru nhat, nrc lil lam cho h¢ kcr call nhe nhat dong thai thea man dieu kien chill hrc theo lieu chuan hien hanh. Can hru )' c.ic diem salt:

- Khi thiet ke STAAO.Pro chi ch911 loai tie't dien do ngiroi SLf dung chi dinh. V[ du thep I canh rong sf duoc thay the bang thcp I c.inh rong. Trong quii trinh thiet ke' ta cling phai dua vao mot s6 thnm so dieu chinh. Khi Ina chou tiet dien STAAD.Pro cling hru y den chieu cao 16'n nhat 0111", V~l nho nhat Dm"I' Nell dung c.ic file tien SLf PROFILE thl clurong trinh bo qua kh6ng xet Om,,,' 0""11'

- Veri dam thep co t,1'111 phu (COVER PLATE), kich-thtrcc cua tam phu duoc gil! co dinh t ronS qu.i trinh I (\r kh i th iet ke.

- Doi voi ban thep nglfui dttng thl thep chi diroc chon trong bang thep do.

- Cac Ioai tiet dicn thcp chu nhat, hinh thang (nlur tiet dicn be tong cot thep) chi duoc

Crng cI~lllg trong bai to.in kiern Ira.

CIIII \'.

C6 tht khong c.in XJC dinh tiet dien ban drill cho tiet dicn, tuy nhien ta ph{li chi dinh cu tilt rh{llI tir darn.

6. M()t sf) tham so dung trong qua trinh thief ke'

KY, ~<z : Cac he so chicu dai tfnh roan thco de pluroug y, Z cua h¢ toa d(J dia phuong.

35

36

LY; LZ : Chieu dai dIU kien thanh thea cac phirong y, z cua h¢ toa de? dia phuong, dung d~ tfnh de? manh cua cau kien (gia tri mac dinh Ia chieu dai phan tir). De? rnanh cua phan ti'r diroc xac dinh bang (K* L/r), vci r Hl ban kinh quan tinh cua tiet dien thea tung phuong; con K, L la cac h¢ so tren va duoc lily cung phuang wong trng.

- FYLD : Gioi han chay (irng suat chay) cua v~t lieu thep,

- NSF: H¢ s6 tier dien d6i vci cac cau kien chiu keo (mac dinh la I).

- _UNL : Chieu dai khong co diem e6 dinh chuyen vi ngang cua cau kien d~ tinh irng suat

nen u6n eho phep (mac dinh la chieu dai phan tir).

Clui y: Ta can phan bier ro S,! khac nhau giira UNL voi cac gia tri L Y, LZ. Ve true quan, UNL chfnh la khoang each giira cac vi tri giang chong lai chuyen vi ngang, va cling Iii chieu dai tfnh toan cua canh chiu nen, tir do tinh duoc irng suat nen u6n eho phep FCZ, Fey_ Con L Y (va LZ) la chieu dai tinh toan khi eoi diu kien lam viec thea kieu cot, tu do tinh duoc irng suat nen doc true cho phep FA.

UNF : H¢ s6 = chieu dai phan ti'r/chi6u dai thirc cua thanh (mac dinh 180 I).

CB : H¢ so, twin theo tieu chuan thiet ke thep cua My AISC (he so nay chi co neu ta chon Tieu chuan My AISC - gia tri mac dinh = 1)_

MAIN: Thong so eho bier eo dn kiem tra do manh hay khong; nell = 0 nrc la co kiern tra d¢ manh: neu = I thikhong kiem tra dq rnanh (mac dinh la 0).

STIFF: Khoang each giira cac siron gia cuong khi thiet ke dam san (PLATE GIRDER).

Ta eo the dung tiet dien dam san la tiet dien chir I L1Y tit thu vien cua STAAD.Pro hay tit thu vien do ngiroi sir dung dinh nghia (USER CREATED TABLE) hoac tiet dien dam chir I t6 hop. Ta cling co the lua chon thiet ke (SELECD hay thirc hien kiem tra (CODE CI-IECK)_

PUNCH : H¢ s6 dung trong kiem tra ep mat, phu thuoc vao kieu nut lien ket va sa d6 hlnh hoc. Cac gia tr] thong tlurong la 1 (neu tai nut lien ket, cac ban thep duoc ghep chong nhau), hoac la 2 (neu giua cac ban thep co khoang trong). Ta can tham khao Quy pham API (American Petroleum Institute) cua My neu thirc hien theo Tieu chuan My.

TRACK: Thong s6 cho biet each th~ hien ket qua. Neu = 0 nrc la khong dua fa gia tri irng suat ng':!y hiem; neu = 1 tuc la co in ra gia tri nay, con nell '" 2 nrc 13 the hien ket qua du6i dang day du nhal (mac dinh HI. 0).

DMAX, DM IN: Chieu cao 160 nhat va nho nhat elm tiet dien duoc phep hra chon trong bai toan thiet ke_

RATIO: H¢ s6 de? tin cay khi so sanh irng suat thirc voi irng suat cho phep (trong tnrong hop thiet ke theo nguyen tac irng suat eho phep, mac dinh = 1).

WELD: Thong s6 cho biet kicu tiet dien de tinh lien ket han; neu = I tuc 13 tiet dien dong thi dirong han chi co b mot ben cua tiet dien (ngoai trir tiet dien chii I canh rong hay

tiet dien chir T - duong han se co i:J ca hai ben ella ban bung): neu = 2 nrc la tiet dien rna thl dirong han co d. hai ben ella tiet dien, V6i nhtrng tiet dien hlnh eng tron (PIPE) hay ong vuong (TUBE) duang han se chi co i:J mat ngoai (gia tri mac dinh Ia I).

BEAM: Thong s6 eho biet so hrong mat dt can tien hanh thiet ke; neu = 0 tuc 13 viec thiet ke' se diroc thirc hien tai hai mat cat hai dau phan tu va cac mat dt lien tiep khac (xac dinh trong lenh SECTION); nell = 1 thl chuong trinh se chon noi lire tai 12 mat car lien 'tiep tren phan til' (chu yeu dira vao MZ), tim ra gia tri IOn nhat de thiei ke (gia tri mac dinh Ia 0).

WMIN : Chieu cao toi thieu cua duong han (STAAD chon = 1/16 inch).

WSTR : Dog SU<11 eho phep cua dirong han (STAAD chon = O.4*FYLD).

DEF: Ty 1¢ gi6i han giira chieu dai cau kien va chuyen V! 1611 nhat khi kiern tra v~ bien dang vong. Neu ta khong yeu cau kiem tra vf bien dang thl khong can dua gia tri nay vao.

DJ1, DJ2 : S6 thir tu hai nut dau va cu6i de xac dinh chien dai cau kien khi kiem tra vong (giri tri mac dinh la cac nut hai dau phan tfr do).

EXAMPLE: PARAMETERS

OFF 300. ALL OJ1 1 ALL

DJ2 4 ALL

o = Maximum local deflection for members 1 2 and 3

Trang VI du tren khi kiern tra vong cua cau kien gem 3 phan tir I, 2, 3 thl gia tri DJI phai Iii 1 va gia tr] DJ2 phai la 4.

TORS ION: Thong s6 cho bier co xet tai xoan hay khong; neu = 0 tire la trong rhiet ke khong xet tai bien dang xoan; con neu = 1 nrc la co kiem tra xoan (gia tri mac dinh III 0).

7. MOt s6 ket qua thiet k€ cau kien thep

RJ:"'C;ULT : Thong s6 cho biet tier dien kiern tra eo dam baa dieu kien chiu luc (PASS) hay khong dam bao (FAll..). Neu tiet dien khong dam bao thi a dau dong ket qua co dau (*).

C R IT I CAL cON 0 : Loai tier dien tier kiern nhat thoa man dieu kien chiu Iuc trong s6 cac tiet dien thuoc kieu duoc xac dinh.

RATIO: Ty s6 giira Ling suat thuc va Ung suat eho phep khi so sanh thea phuong phap

ling suat elm phep,

LOADING: Truong hop (hay t6 hop tai trong) gay ra irng suat nguy hiem. LOCJI.T ION: Khoang each tir dau phan nr toi vi trf co tier dien Ian nhat.

FCY I FCZ : Ung suar nell uon cho phep, thea hai phuong y, z cua he toa d¢ dia phuong. FT Y I FT Z : Oilg suar kco ucn cho phep, thea hai phirong y, z cua he toa d¢ dia phirong. FP, : Uilg suat nen doc true cho phep,

37

ZD

ZD

8. M(lt so chu y ve van de thiet ke duong him

Sf AAD.Pro chi cho phep thiet ke duong han voi cac loai tiet dien thep sau: - Tiet dien thep chir I canh rong.

- Tier dien thep chfi C.

- Tiet dien thep chir T.

- Tiet dien thep hinh ong tron.

- Tier dien thep goc don.

- .Tiet dien thep ong vuong.

Khi viec thiet ke' duong han duoc thuc hien trong ket cau dan (TRUSS) vci cac phan Ill' thanh co dang thep goc dan hay thep goc t6 hop, chuong trinh se dua ra 2 dirong han (voi thep goc don) va 4 dirong han (voi thep goc doi, cung voi chieu dai nrong irng cua chung. Chieu cao cua dirong han se diroc lay == 6mm doi voi phan tll' thanh co chieu day s, 6mm va nho hen be day thanh 1,5mm neu phan tll' thanh co be day Ian han 6111111.

III. THIET KE CAU KI'$N BE TONG COT THEP

SfAAD.Pro co kha nang thiet k€ Mu het cac loai cau kien be tong cot thep voi rmrc d<) thiet k€ rat chi tiet. Chuong trinh nay co khii nang tinh toan fa dien tlch cot thep, chon cac 10'.1i thep phu hop va dira ra cac each bo tri thep cu th€. STAAD.Pro cling dua ra bo trf thep dai thea yeu cau chiu lire hay cau tao, tai vi trf dau thanh chirong trinh se tinh neo neu can thiet. Ket qua cuoi cung la so do bo trf thep, 56 thanh thep, chung loai thep va trong luong thep. Trong rnodun STAAD.Pro chuong trinh co kha nang thiet ke c3U kien be tong cot thep nhu dam, cot va mong be tong cot thep. No co kha nang illY noi lire til qua trinh phan rich (phi tuyen hoac tuyen tinh) d~ thuc hien thier ke' cac call kien be tong cot thep diroc chi dinh.

1. Cac loal tiet dien chuang trmh co kha nang thiet ki

_ Doi voi thiet k€ dam (Beam Dessign): Hmh chir nhat, hinh thang va chir T (Rectangular, Trapezoidal, T Shape).

_ D6i voi thiet ke cot (Coiunm Dessign): Hinh chir nhat, hlnh thang va hinh tron

(Rectangular, Circular).

_ Doi voi thiet ke tam san, luang (Wall/Plates): Cac doi tirong san tuong co chieu day

xac dinh (Finite Elements).

I-----l ZD

PRISMATIC

CIRCULAR

}~}B \]

tl ~

TEE TRAPEZOIDAL

38

Khi thiet ke' ta phai dung den cac tham s6, chung co th~ khac nhau d6i voi de bai loan ell thl Mac dinh cac tham s6 trong STAAD.Pro hlY thee Tieu chuan thiet ke ACI 318 cua My. Cac tham s6 diroc ghi 0 bang diroi day:

Tham s6 Gia trj mac dinh Chti giai
FYMAIN 6000 pound/in" Gioi han chay ciia cot thep chiu hrc chinh
FYSEC 6000 pound/in! Gioi han chay cua loai v~t lieu thep lam cot thep phu -
cot dai
FC 4000 pound/inch! Cirong d¢ chiu nen trung binh cua be tong - chfnh la
mac be tong. Don vj cac gia tri ctrong dq tren phai la
don vi SU dung hien thai
CTL,CLB,CLS 1,5 inch Chieu day 16p be tong bao v~ phia tren, phfa duoi va
ben canh ella tiet dien be tong cot thep.
MINMAIN c:D4 Duong kfnh nho nhat (mm) cua cot thep ehfnh
MINSEC ct>4 Duong kfnh nho nhat (mm) cua cot thep dai.
MAXMAIN c:D 18 Duong kfnh 16'0 nhat (mm) cua cot thep ehfnh. Cac loai
dirong kfnh cot thep co the sit dung
SFACE 0 Khoang each tit nut d~u phan tit tai vi tri tai do lily gia
tri luc clh M tioh cot dai
EFACE a Giong nhir SFACE nhung Iii tai nut cuoi cua phan tu
REINF 0 Thong so eho biet kieu lien ket cua eat thep dai trong
tiet dien, neu = 0 nrc la cot dai diroc lien kit buoc, neu
= 1 nrc la cot dai eo dang xoan oc
MMAG 1 H~ s6 tang momen, thien v~ an toan co th~ lay' gia tri
16'0 hon 1
WIDTH, DEPTH *YD Chieu rong va chjeu cao cua tiet dien M tinh toan eat
thep khi thiet ke (mac dinh se lay cac gia tri trong phan
khai bao Property)
NSECTION I 12 SO hrong m~t dt lien tiep tren phan tit, tai do can phai
tim mornen nguy hiem nhat M thie] ke'
TRACK 0 Thong s6 cho bier kieu the hien cac ket qua tfnh toan
Track = 0; de ket qua chfnh duoc in ra
Track == 1; ket qua thong thuong
Track = 2; cac ket qua chi tie't diroc th~ hien C 1111 j: Khi cai chirong trlnh ta chon h~ dan vi la Metric thi kh i khai bao dirong kfnh Ian nh{{t hay nho nhdt cua c6t thep ta phai khai bao thea dirong kfnh co trang tieu chuan (4 mm, 6 mrn, 8 mm, 12 mm ... ) chir khong drroc nhap s6 thanh thep,

39

a) Thiel kl cdu kien ddm

Clurong trinh STAAD.Pro cung cap hai dang phan tich la P-Delta Analysis va Perform Analysis. Voi kieu phan tich P-Delta thi chinh xac hem, ta khong can nhap he so MMAG. Tuy nhien neu dung ki~u phan tfch nay thl cac tai trong dira vao phai la cac tnrong hop tai trong (Primary Load Case) chir khong diroc phep ta cac t6 hop tiii trong (Load Combination). Khi thiet ke d(> manh doi vci cau kien chiu nen rat quan trong, dira vao lien ket 0 hai dau phan tll', anh hirong cua hrc d9C, rnomen, chuyen vi., chuong trinh se phan tfch noi hrc chinh xac ttr do thiet ke cau kien. Voi lua chon Perform Analysis la each phan tich thong thirong nen d~ an toan ta dua vao he so tang momen MMAG (lay tri so tinh duoc

nhan voi h~ 5616'0 hon 1).

2. Cac bu6c tien hanh thiet ke

_ Buac 1: Vao sa do ket cau de phan tich bao gom: sa do hinh hoc, thuoc tinh v~t lieu, dieu kien bien, cac tai trong ...

_ BII6'c 2: Chon cac cau kien cgn thiet ke va gan cho cluing ki~u cau kien phil hop (dam, cct hay ban).

_ BII6'c 3: Chon cac thong 56 thiet ke khac (neu khac vO'i gia tr] mac dinh), Buoc nay rat quan trong VI doi voi moi bai toan C1;1 the thirong 1a cac tham so thiet ke khac nhau.

Cau kien dam duoc tfnh toan, thiet ke d~ chiu cac bien dang uon, cat va xoan.

STAAD.Pro se kiem tra cac tnrong hop tai trong va hra chon gia tr] 16'0 nhat d~ ve bieu do

bao n¢i hrc sau d6 thuc hien thiet ke.

Trong STAAD.Pro c6t thep chiu hrc chinh duoc thiet ke chi chiu uon, chuang trinh se the hien dien tich cot thep tinh toan duoc va ham luong nrong irng. Nell kich thuoc tiet dien khong dam bao, dAn toi ham luong c6t thep tinh toan 160 hon ham hrong cot thep 160 nhat,

chuang trinh se thong bao 16i.

_ Chieu cao tinh roan ella tiet dien (ky hieu 1a d) duoc lay bang chien cao thuc cua tiet dien _ (be day 16p be tong bao v~ + dirong kinh c6t thep dai + 1/2 duong kfnh c6t thep chu).

_ Khi tfnh toan c6t thep chiu u6n, STAAD.Pro chi xet tai momen uon M; bo qua momen uon My (trong do y, z Ia cac true dia phuong cua tier dien phan tii thanh). Do vay khi vao sa dO hlnh hoc, can phai xac dinh cac true dia phuong mot each phil hop.

_ C6t thep dai trong tiet dien luon c6 hai nhanh, duoc thiet k€ d~ chiu lire cat va rnomen xoan. Gia tri lire cat lay tai cac vi trf each 2 dau phan tll' dam cac khoang each (d + SFASE) va (d + EFACE) vai d la chieu cao tlnh toan cua tiet dien (duoc tinh sal! khi da xac dinh va b6 tri c6t thep chu). No chfnh la khoang each tir mep tiet dien t6i tam dien tich cot thep chu.

_ Chien dai cac doan thep neo (dang duong cong hoac thang) duoc xac dinh cho tirng lap thep va se tuan thea cac chi dan trong quy pham tuong irng.

40

M(_It s6 chi dan trong file ket qua cho thiet ke' cau kien dam:

Tham s6 Chu giai
LEVEL 56 tM nr thep (bao g6m mot hay nhieu thanh thep)
HEIGHT Khoang each tir tam cua m¢t l6p thep toi day dam
BAR INFO 56 thanh thep va duong kinh thanh cua lop thep (vi du 3# 18)
FROM, TO Cac khoang each tll' dau lop thep va tir cuoi lap thep tui nut dau dam
ANCHOR Thong s6 eho bie't co neo cot thep hay khong
ROW Ham hrong cot thep theo tfnh toan
ROWMN, ROWMX Ham hrong c6t thep nho nhat va 100 nhat can ell theo tUng quy pharn
cu thi!
SPACING Khoang each d~t thep HOOK F ANCHOR IS YES

HT OF LEVEL OF REBAR

STRRUPS

/ r-
I,,_ .-J

START
END STRRUPS SPACING

HT OF LEVEL OF REBAR

b) Thiel ke' cdu kien cf)t

Cau kien cot duoc tinh toan, thiet ke d6 chiu lire doc va momen u6n theo 1 hay 2 plurong (Biaxial Moment). Tier dien cot phai co dang vuong, chir nhat hoac tron, cot thep cot diroc bo tri deu tren tiel dien. V6i cau kien cot, cung tuy thuoc van thong s6 TRACK rna dang the: hien ket qua se khac nhau. Tong quat nhat, chuang trtnh se in ra cau hlnh thep dat tren tiet dien (vi du: 8- NUMBER 20 co nghia la 8 <1>20).

Cac biroc thuc hien thiet ke:

- Buac: 1: Tinh roan dien tich thep. Trong ACI thl s6 lirong thep duoc lay khoi dau 1 % d6 thiet ke (bai toan tinh lap).

- Bua: 2: Tra bang chon thep phu hop voi dien tich thep vita tinh diroc.

- Buac 3: Tfnh PNMAX ::::; 0,85Po, Po la kha nang chiu lire 160 nhat cua tier dien. Chu y

rang Uti trong tren cot khong diroc vuot qua gia tri PNMAX, neu VUQ't qua thi phai tang ham luang thep nlurng khong VUQ't qua tri so 8%. Neu VUQ't qua gia tri nay thl phai tang kich thiroc cot.

- B/(o'c 4: Xac dinh kha nang chiu uon thee tung phuong Mycap, M,cap'

41

y

- 811'0'(, 5: Kiem tra dieu kien:

Neu C(H chiu uon theo 2 plurong thi a = 1,25, theo 1 plurong Ihl a = 1.

- Bum: 6: Khi dieu kien tren thea man thi se tim each be trf cot thep voi so thanh thep d5 tlm dtroc, kiem (ra lai dieu kien dira tren SC1 d6 b6 tri thep hien tai. Neu thoa man thi dira ket qua thiet ke nay ra tep tin ket qua.

- Buo: 7: Neu khong thoa man tht tang dien tich cot thep len va lam Iai tir buoc 2 den buoc 6 ()..1 < 8%),

Trong File ket qua neu M tham so TRACK la 1 thi cac thong tin sal! se duoc in ra:

Po Kha nang chiu nen Ion nhat cua cot khi khong co momen
PlilnaK Kha nang chiu hrc eho phep khi thiet ke = O,8SPo
P - bal Kha nang chiu keo trong trang thai gioi han
M - bal Kha nang chiu ucn theo trang thai gioi han
P - ten Life keo cho phep
M" Momen uon 3. Thiel kt ctiu kien tdm ban

C1U kien dang tam ban phai diroc th~ hien diroi dang phan tu lam vo (PLATE/SHELL).

Cot thep d9C chiu momen M., cot thep ngang chin momen My (x , y til c.ic 11'\IC trong he toa d<) dia phirong) , V oi thiet ke' tam ban, ta chi can vao cac tham so FYMAIN, Fe va CLEAR.

z

M,

LONG.

42

ELUIElIT FORCES

FORCE ,WlGTH mrrrs- KIP FEET

FORCE OR STRESS = FORCE/WlDTH/THICK, MO,IElIT = FQRCE-LEUGTH/WIDTH

ElDIElIT L OI!J) QX QY llX llY llXY

EX FY FXY

13 1 0.00 0.04 0.14 0.06 0.00
6.05 0.76 0.00
TOP : Sl,iAX= 9.35 SlUO= 2.09 1MI\X:o: 3.63 NWLE= 0.0
BOTT: Sl,iAX= 2.74 Slm"" --0.56 UIAX= 1.65 llIiGLE= 0,0
3 0.00 0.03 0.10 0.04 0.00
2.63 0.25 1.46
TOP : Sl·iAX= 5.44 Slm"" 0.74 1J.1AX= 2.35 .Al1GLE= 18.7
BOTT: SlIAX= 1.37 Sl,ffiI= -1.81 n.tAX= 1.5"9 lUlGLE= 35.5
EW,IElIT DESIGII SlI,',mRY
------~---------------
EW,1ElIT Lml7. REDW }.I(1.f-X /L1lU) TRAIlS. REDW If(J,I-Y /LOAD
(SQ.DI/FT) (K-FT/FT) (SQ.nI/FT) (K-FT/FT)
13 TOP : 0.130 0.14 I 1 0.130 0.06 / 1
BOTT: 0.000 0.00 / 0 0.000 0.00 / 0 43

~1

ChU011g V

."..,? , ..... .... ... A ?

TO entre MAN HINH LAM VI~e eUA ST AAD.PRO 2002

1. TO CHOC MAN HlNH LAM vrsc eVA STAAD.PRO 2002

FW ~$ .... 1M ~_~ ca....d AnItJ'N .. ,,~ ~ ~

, ill ~ fIJi I.! :.:,. ,,' , " iii l:l;;. Ill. 1Iil. Ot • [) 0" ., .... .i! ,., ... ~';.l: ? II? i{ F IR 'I';l f" n .... !lilt!

.:61 @ @ @ @ @ 6' -E> ~ ,~ 4> /,) ""iro:liI.~®.'~,.~ Q ~ l'hll'DEAO:-~"" _~'O'---:~j'

, ,'.", ~~.~~9~~~

PHAN MEM KEf cAu CHUYEN NGH I~P STAAD.PRO 2002

Al

A1

Moi chi tiet 'If phan mem Staad.Pro 2002 'It! hblr',l &l'r d(.lI\9 Xin 'lui long lien h~: ENG. NGO MINH PVC

Mobile: 0913.502.676

1. Menu Bar - Thanh trtnh don

,1 Re.::I041idJ):;

r R",O.,,,,,2'5

j;iH~~Ger:JmIR'l'

~~.~~[ ",~,ji ~~~~.~J

IoIl!Ii:eriIb_H I Thid.nlH1,,_ ~ U':'I!I T oIIbIe _ I

.A1 .......... '"'~ c

r- Anv-laV_

(j: OLeCu-P)!'I'oA~ r A:s:I9lTQEd!l.J$I

MI,lC dich: goi CaC thao tac lenh thirc hien viec xay dung, chinh sua, tfnh toan ... va bao cao ket qua tinh toan, thiet ke' ket cau.

Sf AAD.Pro - Khung kh «nq gian. std

2. Toolbar - Thanh cong cu

Muc dich: thanh cong cu chua cac bieu nrong de goi cac rae vI;! lenh mot each thuan tien

va nhanh chong nhat,

W11r;1.lg[r:~ltle,I·, [~Ii I ilII §1!l.f~I.I.lcmlr nl &'lr~It!I'r'lIHI~I~11 I lei !{I,i rn ~ I 61@I@Jt;pH+9-I¢I'PlvJ01.II,Y.~Jritl"'M@I~~91~1t11~lq)IClI!1lH . @.Je.I~Ie.I®.It(IQI~J

e/l//.v: Co th~ t6 clurc, slip xep thanh cong Cl,l tuy y ngtroi sir dung tren man hlnh lam viec.

44

3. Main Window - Cua so lam viec chinh

Ml;IC dich: HI cira s6 chinh cho viec hien thi d6 hoa ket cau va cac thong so khac co lien quan khi can th~ hien.

PHAN MEM KEr CAU ST AAD.PRO 2002

MAIN WINDOW

4. Page Control - Trang dieu khlen

M9c dich: thiet lap cac thong so va tfnh chat cua bai roan thong qua cac menu dieu khien phan cap.

! l+tJ 1~1§t IItf .l!¢+ til [-I rl~l~t'~';'tlYI~l~l~ ~ I rt! Design f· Ll,. Malrsis/Print . r.~IG~ri~~~t~r·~.·G€lbfll~ry 1;.0 Setup r., Material lft-Load["SUPMtt/,!i·Spec[H Property

Clll/ y:

- Viec t6 chirc cac menu trong Page Control theo thu ttr tuong ling voi cac biroc nhap va xu ly so lieu cho mot bai toano

- Page Control nam eo dinh ben trai man hinh, khong thay d6i diroc vi tri.

- Co the b~t/tit Page Control bang each vao Menu Mode => Page Control.

45

1 Reel Q.30xO.30

2 Prismatic Trepezoid

3 Ta er

Concrete Steel

5. Data Area - Vung dtr lieu

Muc dich: thf hien cac dO lieu, ket qua bai loan dUO'i dang bang va luon n,1111 ben phai man hinh lam vice cua STAAD.Pro.

Seclip~IBeta Angle I Aek'SecUon

Material

~Hi~ Assigned Geometry

.~~~$:,·I·Database· .. 1 Define .. , I

M~~$.,.l Thickness ... I User T able ... I rA$~~tMethod-----~"--l I ("AS$igri To S e!ecled B cam,:

\ r' Assign To View I

rUseCwsOi To Assign

(0 AssignT 0 EditUsl

I

Assign

Close

Clut .}': Data Area bao gorn nhieu cira s6 dir lieu khac nhau. Cac ciru sc) nay co th~ b;IIMIl theo y nguai sn dung,

11. cAe U)f\ CHON (MODE) LAM VI~C CUA CHUONG TRiNH

M\lC dfch: STAAD.Pro dua ra mot so plnrong rhiic lam vice dlHJC Ina chon boi ngrroi sLr dung duoc thay dbi qua menu Mode.

Mod.eWindow Help ;"il'1odeling

postProcessing

. Interactive Design

,'",: .. ':". ., .

. ' · •••. Piping

... Page (ontrol

~_.~~_~, .,.~,~~_....-..-.-_._ •. _l

1. Modeling

M9C dich: cho phep nhap va khai bao sa do kct cau, cac truong hop I,li trong, lien kel V~I de thong so khac.

Clui _~.: Dang Modeling la mac dinh trong moi l{in goi clurong trinh STAAD.Pro.

46

2. Post Processing

Muc dich: the' hien cac ket qua phan tich va tinh toan, truy van, thiet lap cac bao do va c.ic yell cau thuc te khac,

3. Internative Design

M~IC dfch: thie] ke' cho philn nr Internative.

4. Piping

Muc dfch: cho phep sa do hinh hoc ADLPIPE hien thi cung sa d6 ket cau trong moi truong do hoa STAAD.Pro.

5. Page Control

Muc dfch: b~t/tat thanh dieu khien Page Control.

47

Chuang VI

. cAc THANH CONG cu (TOOLBARS) TRONG STAAD.PRO 2{)02

Trong STAAD.Pro 2002 co cac thanh cong cu giiip nguai Slr dung co th~ thao tac nhanh cac tac Vl;l lenh thong qua cac bieu nrong dac tnrng nam tren do. Cac thanh cong cl;l eo th~ b~t/ti\t theo y nguoi su dung.

Cach b~t/t~t duoc thirc hien bang each: - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu View:::::;> Toolbars :::::;> hcp thoai Customi ze ~ Toolbars ~ Chon cac thanh cong cu can thao tac,

Trong do:

Toolbar : ten cac thanh cong cu; Show Tool tips: dua ra cac chu giai;

Cool Look: th~ hien thanh cong cu duoi dang chirn/noi; New: tao mot thanh cong cu rnoi boi nguoi sir dung.

48

1. Thanh cong cu File

CI')se stru:hre

ST AAD Ol.lIput

Open Stn.dlfe

STARDYNE Output

New stn.lc1ure

Bi~u tirong Ten tieng Anh Y nghia
~ New Structure Tao mot file ket cau moi
I~J Open Structure M6 mot file ket cau dii co
~ Close Structure Dong file ket cau hien thai
~ Save Luu cat file ket cau
~ Copy Sao chep doi nrong
.-
I_~l Cut Cat doi nrong
I~ Paste Dan doi tirong
._
t21 Undo Huy bo mot lac vu lenh truoc do
r~ Staad Editor Hieu chinh file dii lieu STAAD.Pro duoi dang Text
lID Staad Output Dua ra.ket qui tinh Im11l dtroi dang file Text
J!J Staadyne Output DHa ru ket qui tinh roan diroi dang file 2. Thanh cong ell Print

Print

Take Picture

RepOt1 Setup

Print Current ViEW

Print Pr eIJIEW Currffit View

49

Tables

Scale

Bi~u tirong Ten tieng Anh Y nghia
!!.I Print In an theo yell cau nguoi sir dung
,. -,
00 Print Preview Quan sat ket cau tnroc khi in an
~ Report Setup Thier lap cac thong so bao bieu
.
~ Take Picture Chup va hru so do ket cau
I~ Print Current View In khung i.hin hien thoi
-
nil Print Preview Current V Le~ In khung .thln quan sat hien thoi
-- 3. Thanh ceng cu Structure

Loads

Symbols & Labels Cui Section

r--- Node to Node Dislance Re move ,!l,1I Node to Node Distance

Inpul Units

Bieu tirong Ten tieng Anh Y nghia
g Tables B:[Lt/t~t cac bang th~ hien dir lieu
I~ Input Units Xac lap va thay deli don vi tinh toan
1E Cut Section Dua ra cac mat cat ke-t call theo yell call

III Symbols and Labels Cac ki hieu va nhan th~ hien cua ket cau
._ "' ...
<' ,.
~ Loads Th~ hien cac truong hop tai
, .
IBll Dimension Thti hien kfch thuoc ket cau
1m1 Node to Node Distance Th~ hien khoang each gifra 2 nut
" ",,'<
~ Remove All Node to Node Distance Xoa tilt d cac khoang each giua 2 nut
~ Info Dua ra cac thong tin ve ket cau
11i1 Scale Thiel l{lp ti 1¢ Ih~ hien de thong s6
~
. Insert Text Label Chen them mot dong Text tren ket cau 50

4. Thanh cong CI,l View

Zoom In

loom Factor

loom Out

r---- Zoom Previous

_,__--- Zoom WndCNV

loom.!!..1!

Dynamic loom

Bieu ttrong Ten tieng Anh Y nghia
~ Dynamic Zoom Zoom theo etta s6 xac dinh boi nguoi sir dung va th~
hien a mot cira s6 moi
~ Zoom All Hien th] ket cau trong khung nhin
1:&1J Zoom In Phong to tirng buoc ket cau
I_g] Zoom Out Thu nho tung biroc ket cau
L@J Zoom Faetor Zoom theo ti l¢ dira vao bci ngiroi Slr dung
<ttl Zoom Previous Huy bo m!?t lenh zoom tnroc do
_gj Zoom Window Zoom thea cira s6 xac dinh boi nguoi sir dung
l!!J Pan Di chuyen vung quan sat kit cau
,
11: (1.4DL + 1.7LLJ 3
Thay d6i cac t6 hop tii trong 5. Thanh cong cu Rotate

Isometric Vievv

Rotate Up

Plan \lieN

Rotme Down

Rotate Right

51

Modeling

Page Control

Bieu nrong Ten tieng Anh Y nghia
m Front View Quan sat mat tnroc ket cau (XY)
I@J Side View Quan sat mat ben ket cau (ZY)
~ Plan View Quan sat mat bang ket du (XZ)
1.6' Isometric View Quan sat khong gian ket cau (XYZ)
£\-i Rotate up Xoay ket cau quanh true X (ngiroc chieu kim dong ho)
@j Rotate down Xoay ket cau quanh true X (theo chieu kim dong ho)
'tPl Rotate left Xoay ket cau quanh true Y (nguoc chieu kim dong ho)
b!J Rotate Right Xoay ket cau quanh true Y (thea chieu kim dong h6)
~ Spin Left Xoay ket cau quanh true Z (nguoc chieu kim dong ho)
~ Spin Right Xoay ket cau quanh true Z (thea chieu kim dong ho) 6. Thanh cong CI,I Mode

Post Processirg

Piping

Ci~U tuong Ten tieng Anh Y nghia
ft~ Modeling Khai baa va quan sat ket cau
~ Post Processing Quan sat ket qua tfnh toan
2J Piping Nhap file da co til ben ngoai
1 ~ Page Control B~t/tftt hien th] trang dieu khien 52

7. Thanh cong CI,I Selection

Plates Curser

Geometry Cursor

Beams Curser

Nodes Cursor

Bi~ll nrong Ten tieng Anh Y nzhia
0
~ Nodes Cursor Chon d6i ttrong la nut
l_§_J Beams Cursor Chon d6i nrong la phan nr Frame
~ Plates Cursor Chon d6i nrong \a phan tir Shell
l!r!J Solids Cursor Chon d6i tirong la phan tir Solid
~ Geometry Cursor Chon ket hap cac d6i tuqng 8. Thanh cong CI,I Geometry

Md Solid;:

Snap Node/Beam

Snap NodelPlate

"",- .• ,-- Insert Node

AcId 4-Noded Plates

.Il,dd 2-~·loded Plate;;

. .!l..dd Beam'~

lni~LI nrong Ten tieng Anh I Y nghia
i
;41 Add Beams I Them m91 phan tir thanh qua hai nut
~ 1
Iv+1 Add 3 Nodec! Plates ! Them phan tii tam qua 3 nut
I
[ -_. I Them phdn tu tam qua 4 nut
l£J t Add 4 Noded Plate,
-
! ~ Add Solids Them ph an ltr Solid
L._
i Etj Snap Node/Beam Ve ph an rir thanh bit diem theo hrai
i
~-- ~ Snap Node/plate Ve ph:1n tir tam bdt diem thea hroi
I
t-- :2J Insert Node I Chen them mot nut moi
I
---_"_ ------- L__ ___ . 53

ShearY Force

Results Setup

9. Thanh cong cu Generate

Circular Repeat

Generate-Mirra'

Translational Repeat

Generate-Rotate

Bi€u nrong Ten tieng Anh Y nghia
IfJ Generate-Rotate Xoay mot goc cac do] urong diroc ch911
'111 Generate-Mirror Lay d6i xirng cac d6i nrong diroc chon
!.~~ Circular Repeat Sao chep cac doi nrong diroc chon thea cung tron
~,
'~ Translation Repeat Sao chep doi nrong diroc chon theo khoang each dua vao
"F" ."" 10. Thanh cong cu Structure Tools

Support Page

Specifcaticn Page

Property Page

load Page

Bieu urong Ten tieng Anh Y nghia
'~ Property Page Dira ra bang di.i: lieu v~ dac tinh phan tv
I~ Surport Page Dira ra bang di.i: lieu vf lien ket noi dat
I~ Specification Page Dua ra bang di.i: lieu chi tiet
~
. Load Page Thier l~p cac tnrong hop tai trong
, 10. Thanh cong CI,l Results

Torskn

Plate Slress

Solid Stress

Bending I Moment Bending Y Moment

Axial Force

Shear I Force

54

Bi~u tirong Ten tieng Anh Y nghia
·r.~1 Axial Force Hien thi iuc doc
ff1J
. Shear Y Force Hi~n th] hrc cat thea true Y
1'-1z1 Shear Z Force Hi~n thi hrc dt thea true Z
~ Torsion Hi~n thi m6men xoan
~ Bending Y Moment Hien thi bi6u do m6men thea true Y
I~ Bending Z Moment Hi6n thi bi6u do mornen thea true Z
.d!1
~ Beam Stress Hien th] img suat darn
~ Plate Stress Hi6n thi irng suat phan IU tam
.fQ1. Solid Stress Hien thi irng suat phan tir Solid
.D
~ Deflection Hi6n thi bieu do bien dang ket call

l&J Mode Shapes Hien thi bien dang cho phan tich dong
Igj Animate Hi6n thi dao dong ket cau
.rru Results Setup Thier l~p cac thong s6 th6 hien ket qua 55

~ Qpen ... Ii' Qose

CtMO

Chuong VII TRINH ndN FILE

Hop thoai Menu File nlur hinh sau:

•. ~~!.t_~~j:_VoI_l'0ol~ Select Geometry Corr

c~ New Ctrl+N

View

Job Information

ti!I Report Setup .. ,

Printer Setup. " Print

[9, Print Pre!:iew Report Export Report

Import .

~xport .

Run External Program ...

Recent STAAD Files

Eo.it

1. New [Ctrl+O]

Muc dich: tao mot file ket cau moi,

a) Chon kie'u bai toan vii tieu de' cho klt ctfu

Thao tac thirc hien:

- each 1: Menu File::::::> New::::::> hop thoai New.

- Cach 2: Chon bieu nrong New'~ tren thanh cong cu.

·56

~ Space

o Plane

o Floor

o TrU$$

FileName:

Trong do:

- LVa chon ki~u bai toan dien hinh: Space: ket cau khong gian; Floor: ket cau san; Plane: kef cau phang; Truss: ket cau dan.

- Fi le Name: ten file kef duo

Location;

- LocaLion: vi trf lU'U ten file ket cau,

- T i tl e: dun vao tieu d~ file tfnh toan (khong bat buoc). Ten bai roan nay se phuc vu

cho viec in de bao bieu v~ sau.

- Length Uni ts: lua chon don vi dai tfnh toan,

- Force Units: lua chon don vi luc tfnh toan,

Chu S': - Viec chon don vi hrc va chieu dai co tht thay d6i thea y nguoi sfr dung trong qua trinh khai bao va xlr If ket qua cua bai toano

- C6 the thay d6i don vi lire va chieu dai trong man hlnh lam viec chinh bang each:

I C: \S pro2002\S T AAD \

Thao tac: Menu Tools ~ Set CUrrent Unit => hop thoai Set Current Input Un it=> chon don V! nrong (rug can thay d6i.

A SPACE structure, which is a three-dimensionallramed structure with loads applied in any plane, is the most general.

Title J T inh ket cau nha cao tang

Length Units

r Inch r Decimeter

r Foot r. Meter

r Millimeter r: Kilometer r Centimeter

Force Units'-'w,_, .... ,

j r Pound r Newton ,I

r KaoPound r DecaNewton I r K~ogr$TI r KiloNewton

r. Metric Ton rMegaNewton I

L' ... _' ... L •. ~ •• '._.~._.' •• '.~ ••• , __ ,_,~.~_.~ .• _~ •. ,... _w •• , ••• ,_, •• .J

P- Display this dialog at Startup --' __ N_e ... >I_t> _ _.I

Cancel

Help

57

b) Chon kie'u khai btio sO'do ket cdu cho bai loan

_ Thao rae thuc hien: Menu File => New => hop thoai New => Next ~ h9P thcai Where do you want to go? => Finish.

Open Structure Wizard

o Open Editm

o Edit Job Info

Begin building your model by creating new ioints and beams using the construction grid, drawing tools and spreadsheets.

Cancel

Help

Finish

" Display this dialog at Startup < {tack

--~--~------~

Trong do:

Add Beam: them phan tu thanh, Add Plate: them phan til HIm vo. Add Sol id: them phan tu Solid.

Open Structure Wizard: mo thu vien ket cau, Open Editor: rna va SD~n thao file so lieu.

Edit Job Info: chinh sua thong tin cua bai toano

3. Close

Ml;IC dich: dong bai toan hien thai dang lam viec, Thao tac: Menu File => Close.

58

4. View

M\IC dich: quan sat cac file s6 lieu va ket qua cua ker diu.

Trong do:

Input File: xem file dir lieu (tau vao, Error File: xem noi dung file va thong

bao ]6i neu co.

Output file: xem noi dung file ket qua.

5. Job Information

Muc dfch: khai bao cac thong tin can thiet cho bai toano

Thao tac thuc hien: Menu Fi Ie:::::} hop thoai Job Information => dira vao cac thong tin can thiet.

6. Report Setup

Muc dich: thiet ]~p cac thong so th€: hien trong bao cao ket qua tinh toano

Thao tac thirc hien: Menu Fi Le => Report Setup => hop thoai Report Setup:::::} thiet

I<\p de bao cao. ~ I

6.1. Menu ngang Items

Job lTinh toan ket call khung nha thep

Client JNha may ol/Ctng Qu~ng Nam

Job No. IFile tinh so 4

Part J Khung K4

Ref

File

Filename : K25. std

Directory : C:\Spro2002\STMD\

: lO·F eb·2003 09: 53 AM

: 227

More ... I

Engineer Checker Approved

Name INMD INMD JNMD

Date flO·Feb.03

Comment

· Tinh khung nha thep kh~u dQ 24m. dn I

true lOT ..

· V~t li~u: thep co wong dQ E=2700kg/cm2

· T hi congo lap dl!ng theo dung T [.\IN

M~IC dich: thiet l~p cac thong s6 the hien trong baa cao ket qua tinh toan theo nh6m. Thao tac: Menu File:::::} Report Setup => hopthoai Report Setup => Items :::::} thiet I~p cac thong 56 => OK.

Trong do:

.

- Avai lable: cac ki~ll thong so:

I npu t: cac dir lieu dall V~IO.

Ten tieng Anh Tfnh nang
Job info Cric thong tin ban dati cua bai toan
Nodes Cac Jt1li~ll vc nut 59

- Ten tieng Anh Tfnh nang
Beams Cac dfr lieu vt dim
Sections Cac dfr lieu vf mat dt
Materials Cac dii lieu v~ vat lieu
Supports Cac dfr lieu v~ lien ket n6i dat
Releases Cac dfr lieu ve giai ph6ng lien ket
Primary Load Cases Cac dir lieu ve tnrong hcp tai trong
Combination Load Cases Cac dfr lieu vt t6 hop tai trong
Loadings Cac dfr lieu ve truoug hop lui trong Report Setup " J':..t~ \'k

Picture Album

Items 1

<~,' "'"

1 pPtiorit . Name and Logo

Lo~dc,sesl ., .. Mode$i. I Hanges

Load/Save Steel Design

I I

-. . .' "..';>"; -.: , ····0.···· .$elecled '

...---- > > :g'""-i •..

;,2J

lob Info Releases

Supports »:;1 ~:~~~;~:tion Load Cases

·";i~:;arYLo·a~jfa·;~s""""··""····"·"·"""·"""·j.· ..

'cc+ • " ••••• , .. ccc· T<> ':.:

i

. Cancel J __ P_ril'i_t_ ......

.f· OK

Output: cac dir lieu dau ra. Picture: cac file db hoa da duoc hru. Report: cac loai bao cao,

Selected: cac du lieu duoc chon ur Available.

Report Detail Increments: s6 mat cat chi tiet dira ra. M(\c dinh Ja 10.

6.2. Menu ngang Picture Album

Muc dich: luu cac hinh anh d6 hoa ket cau tao boi nguoi Slf dung,

60

\

Thao tac: Menu File => Report Setup => hop thoai Report Setup => Picture Album => thiet l~p cac thong 86 => OK .

.- - "~ ~" ~" ~,,_ ,._" u "

Report Setup ~

Items Load Cases

Picture Album I 0 ptions

Ranges I Name and Logo I

Modes

J

Steel Design Load/Save

Name: j Picture 1

Delete Picture liD ispla'y Size : r Full Page

! Heightl17877 mmj'

! .

jWidth:j .... 2-0-6.-86-- mmJ j

1

,

I I

!~ ..... ~.~.

Caption: IWhole Structure Mz 5kNm:lin 1 DEAD + LIVE .

OK

Cancel

Print

Help

Trong do:

Name: ten cac bi~u do (birc anh) diroc chup, Caption: de chu giai eho birc anh. Delete: xoa birc anh diroc chon.

Full Page: xem day dll trong cira 86 do hoa.

Height, Width: khai bao chieu eao va chieu rong cua anh khi hien thi, P r i, n t: in an hire anh diroc chon,

6.3. Menu ngang Load Cases

Muc dfeh: the hien ket qua tlnh toan thea tnrong hop tai duoc chon.

Thao tic: Menu File => Report Setup => hop thoai Report Setup => Load

Cases =:::> chon tnrong hop tai => OK.

Trang do:

Available: cac tnrong hop tai trong dll dinh nghia. Selected: cac tnrong hop tai trong duoc chon bao cao.

61

Items Avauable

Name and Logo I Modes I R.anges I

Selected

Load/Save Steel Design

2HT1 3 HT2

1n

Glo'-'!.n .... 9forResult T ab~l. r.by Node/Beam

r by Load Case

··.··OK

. Cancel

Print

Grouping for Load Tables: th~ hien cac bang tai trong thea nhom. - by Load Type: theo kieu tiii trong.

- by Load Case: thea tnrong hop tai trong.

Grouping for Result Tables: the hien cac bang ket qua theo nhom. - by Node/Beam: thea nut/dam ...

- by Load Case: thea tnrong hop tai trong.

6.4. Menu ngang Options

MI,IC dich: lira chon cac thong s6 tren trang in ket qua.

Thao 1<1e: Menu File => Report Setup => hop thoai Report Setup => Options

=> thiet lap cac thong s6 => OK.

Trong do:

Header: in lieu d~ tren.

Page Outline: dua ra phan cap trang. Footer: in tieu d~ tren,

- Sheet Numbering: cac thong s6 trong bang in. Prifix: lien t6 (Vi du: Trang).

62

Report Setup l ' "~ >. ~h;.

Items

Picture Album

Load Cases I Modes I ·.·.,"~s ······,1 Steel Design ,r
Options r Name and~ogo I Load/Save I . P' Header P' Page Outline P' Footer

r r"" Numb,ring. .. . •

.~~.~ef.'SM .. :J1Z~I~,.J;:

Tables

P' Grid rStart each tebleon a hew page

Column Heading Font.,;tAriaf 14pt

Table .. Font .. :: [AriaJ lOpt<

';-:--;

::1>:'{:~

No. Pages from: danh s6 tit trang (Vi du: 10). Suffix: hau to.

- Table: cac dinh dang eho bang in:

G rid: in he I uoi.

Start each table on a new page: in moibang duoc bat dau tren mot trang maio Col umn Heading: chon Font cua cot tieu d~.

Table: chon Font cua bang.

6.5. Menu ngang Modes

Muc dfch: the hien so do ket cau theo nh6m da duoc thiet lap. - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu File::::;> Report Se t up co hop thoai Report Setup => Modes::::;> chon nhom

da diroc thiet lap => OK.

Trang do:

Grouping: nhorn tht hien.

- by Nodes: thea nhom rnit,

- by Modes: thea de dang th~ hien chuan (Mode).

63

6.6. Me'!u ngang Name and Logo

Muc dich: thiet l~p cac tieu M va bieu tuong eho trang in. - Thao rae thuc hien:

Menu File =? Report Setup =? h9P thoai Report Setup::::> Name and Logo::::> thiet lap cac thong 56 ::::> OK.

ltems Load Cases

Picture Album I Oplions

Modes Ranges

Name and Logo

S leel Design Load/Save

CONG TVxAv Dl/NG vA PHAT T H~ TANG HA N(H

r~ Graphic ----"-----.----.----- .. -~- .. -----.. --_.- w .

i I File... I

!I I

Paste .. Position: r. Left r Centre

!

;~:-f;;;;t::· .. :: ...•... .. .

!

Delete

c Right

Font.... VrAlialH 14 pl

Alignment: r. l~.e.i.~

r Centre (~Right

Cancel

Print

Help

OK

Trong do:

File: ten file (*.bmp) bieu nrong can chen. Paste: dan tir d6i nreng duoc Copy.

Po sit i on: V! tri th~ hien Logo (trai, gifra, phai), Delete: xoa Logo.

Font: kieu Font th6 hien.

Alignment: canh dong (trai, giira, phai).

6.7. Menu ngang Ranges

Muc dich: gioi han th€ hien do hoa tren ban bao cao SCi do ket call thea cac lua chon, Thao tac: Menu File => Report Setup::::> h9P thoai Report Setup => Ranges ::::> thiet lap cac thong 56 ::::> OK.

64

Report Setup " ~"" " ~

Select the range of nodes and beams to be included inthe(~p~rfs:".

.'::'-.:."'.>.: ;.( .:

J I

Modes

Name an~rLod6'c" -. . Fianges .J

'-""/,<',;.

Picture Album ltems I

Options Load Cases I

Load/Save Steel Design

rAil

r View

r Group

r PrOperl)!

r. Ranges

Nodes:

~':;: -:.>:.,' ~., ;" ',: '- .. ~ .' . .;.'-:~-'; ~<\>,:.~:

;-;'~-_.::.',.': ~-,Y::~~x~;(~f':Y~ ~V·.

OK\'I"C~ncet ·1 __ ~·_P_rin_t_ ... J

Trang do:

All: th~ hien toan bo 50' do ket cau (mac dinh).

Vie w: the: hien thea khung nhin xzic dinh boi ngiroi sir dung, Group: th~ hien thee nh6m diroc xac dinh boi ngiroi sfr dung. Property: the hien thea dac tnrng hinh hoc.

Range s : th~ hien trang gi6i han theo cac nut hoac cac dam.

6.8. Menu ngang Steel Design

[VIlle dich: lua chon cac thong so cho de biio cao lien quan den ba toan thiet ke cau kien thep.

- Thao tic thirc hien:

t'lenu File => Repcrt Setup => h9P thoai Report Setup => ~ .eel Design => thict LIp de thong so => C?:'.

Trang do:

- Cr:ecK Res u I t s : cac luu chon cho bai toan kiern tra. [10 Check Re s u I ts: khong kiern tra ket qui

,~,':'1" Check ?,esul t s: kicm tra tfit ca cac ket qua.

65

... " ~ , ~ " ~ ._,~ ",-, ~ ~ ~_~~""'~~""~" "A "-

Report Setup , ': j "p IJ

Picture Album Items I

Options Load Cases I

Name and Logo

Modes 1 Ranges

Load/Save Steel Design

Select Results'

r No Select Results r. All Select Results

Check R esults _,_~.W·"_·_·_""·_» '·_··

r No Check Results

r. ~~\"!·L~Ei.'~f~~,i~·!·~.~

r First Check on each Beam r Final Check on each Beam

r First Select on each Beam r: Final S elect on each 8 eem

r Summal~ Only (Track OJ r Print F eiled Checks Only

Font fOI Detail Text:

Font... I Courier New 8 pt

___ o_K __ I_ Cdncel

Print

Fi rs t Check on each Beam: kitim tra dam truoc, Final Check on each Beam: kiem tra dam cu6i ciing. _ Select Results: cac lua chon eho bai toan thiet ke:

No Select Results: khong chon cac ket qua. All Select Results: chon telt ca cac ket qua.

First Select on each beam: chon ket qua cua dam tnroc. Final Select on each beam: chon ket qua cua dam eu6i. - General: cac lira chon chung.

summary Only (Track 0): dua ra cac ket qua chung. Print Fai led Checks Only: chi in cac 16i kiern tra.

Help

7. Printer Setup

Muc dich: chon va thiet lap trang in, may in, - Thao tac thuc hien:

Menu File::::> Print Setup:::> hop thoai Print Setup::::> chon trang in, kieu gifly

va may in ::::> OK.

Cac thao tac nay diroc minh hoa nhu hinh duoi day:

66

rPrinter Name:

!\\SERVER\HP Lsserlet SP

Properties ...

Status: Ready

Type:

. ,·1

1.il.4;r. Portrait 1

'-- I_A_ut-'-'om,aticaIlY,"-s_e_le_c_t __ .......:._......" """""--,-,,---~,,,-r_ ~ypeJ

................ _:..11 ' Cancel

Network. ..

Trong do:

Pr inter: chon loai may in.

Paper: chon kh6 gify in. Orientation: chon huong giay in.

8. Print

Muc dich: in s6 lieu dau vao, kct qua va cac thong bao 16i trong qua trinh tinh toan. Thao tac: Menu File => Print => chon kieu so lieu can in => OK.

Print· . ._; ~ . ..

lli Print Pre1:,iew Report Export Report

Input Command File

Output File ~

Report .

Trong do:

I nput Command File: in file du lieu dau vao. Output File: in file ket qua.

Error Report: cac thong bao 16i ella baa cao. Report: in cac baa do.

9. Print Preview Report

Muc dich: quan sat de biio do tnroc khi time hien in an.

111<10 ttic: tvlenu file => Print Preview Report => quan sat, chinh sua va in an.

67

Export ·1

Cancel

10. Export Report

Ml,IC dich: xuat baa cao sang cac trinh irng dung k h.ic. - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu Fi.le => Export Report => chon kieu triuh ring dung can xuar sang.

Export Report ~

Text File .•.

MS Word File ...

Trang do:

Text File: xuat ra file voi dinh dang *.txt. MS Word File: xuat ra dinh dang file *.dac.

Clui y: Cac Report sau khi diroc xuat ra file co lh~ xem va chinh sira bang cac trlnh soan thao trong Windows.

11. Import

Muc dfch: nhan cac dinh dang file so lieu tir cac trinh ling dung khac.

Thao tac thirc hien: Menu File => Import => hop thoai Import => chon dinh dang

File => Import.

•

Import ' 'h. ~:,~

r. 3D DXF r QSEASA r Slardyne

Import I

("'3D DXF r Q$EASA r VRML

. r. STEP

12. Export

Muc dich: xuat file so lieu va ket qua ra dinh dang file cho cac trlnh iing dung khac. Thao tac: Menu File => Export => hop thoai Export => chon kieu dir lieu can xuat ra Fiie => Export.

13. Save [Ctrl + S] va Save As

Ml,IC dfch: luu ten bai loan voi ten hien thai hoac voi ten file khac diroi dinh dang file * .std. - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu File => Save hoac chQI1 bieu nrong Save ~ tren thanh cong cu.

68

14. Run External Program

Muc dich: chay de trinh irng dung khac trong Windows tnrc tiep tir STAAD.Pro 2002. Thao tac: Menu File => Run External Program => hop thoai User Defined

Program => chon trinh img dung can chay => OK.

User Defined Program ~.' .~ .. ' : ." '.: :

E>:ecutable

IC:\SPR02001 \5T AAD\Ellamp\US\FOOT .ExElarowse. .. 1

j_<:C};,:: -;

Command Line

s~:~ >

.'~ •• :·'.~G~~f:\:;··'·fJ\·i ••.. Can~1

IS. Run Staad.Pro RC Design

Muc dich: goi rnodun thiet k€ chuyen dung cau kien betong.

16. Exit [AU + F4]

M~IC dfch: dong cira so lam viec STAAD.Pro 2002.

Thao tac: Menu File => Exi t.

69

Chuong VIII TRINH DON EDIT

.~!~"""~~~ls" .~:Ie:t G~o~:"try __ .~~r

::2 Undo Add Beam Ctrl+Z

'j, Cul ~ ~opy

@ r\~::(,:

Q.elete

Ctrl+X Ctrl+C

Del

• Tah,e Picture Cgpy Picture

... ~ Edit Input Command File Edit Script File

1. Undo hoac Redo [Ctrl + Z]

Muc dich: huy bo hoac lA'y lai mot tic vu lenh tnroc do. Thao lac thuc hien:

- Cach 1: Menu Edit=> Undo hoac Redo.

_ each 2: Chon bieu nrong Undo !? hoac Redo r.:: tren thanh cong cu.

2. Cut [Ctrl + X]

Muc dfch: cat mot nhom cac d6i nrong duoc chon Thao lac thuc hien:

- each 1: Menu Edit=> Cut.

_ each 2: Chon bieu nrong Cut ~ tren thanh cong cu.

3. Copy [Ctrl + C]

Muc dfch: sao chep mot nhorn cac d6i nrong duoc chon, 111ao tac thirc hien:

- each 1: Menu Edit=> Copy.

_ each 2: Chon bieu nrong Copy ~ tren thanh cong CI;L

70

,

4. Paste [Ctrl + PI

Muc dich: dan mot nhorn ctic doi urong tir Copy hoac Cut. Thao tac thirc hien:

- Cach 1: Chon bieu nrong Pas te ~ tren thanh cong c':l.

- each 2: Menu Edi t ,=:> Paste'=:> hop thoai Paste with Move => dira VaG toa d¢

cua diem can dan => OK.

Paste with Move lRJ

Trang do:

X I Y, Z: dua vao gia tr] cac toa do tai diem can dan.

Reference Point: chon diem tham chieu can dan tren so do ket call.

Reference Path: chon dtrong tham chieu can dan tren so do ket cau,

OK

Move current clipboard selection by:

~:Io m
~:Io m
;;;;: 10 m Cancel

Help

.8.eference Pt

Rei"e'rence-Patt1

~ - ~ :

5. Delete [Del]

Muc dich: XD<i mot hoac mot nhorn cac d6i tuong. Thao tac: Menu Ed i t cc- Delete.

6. Take Picture

Muc dich: liru cac ket qua do hoa duoi dang file anh. - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu Edit=> Take Picture => hop thoai Picture => dira vao cac thong s6 => OK.

OK

Help

10: !Picture 2 Caption: IWhole Structur~

Trang do:

ID: so tlur ur va tell anh chup, Capt ion: lieu de btrc anh,

ClII; ): Ta co th~ tlurc hicn nhanh thao lac nay bftng each chon bieu nrong Ta ke P'i c t.u r e 0 tren thanh cong ql v i e».

71

1 1 5; 2 2 7; 3 3 6; 4 5 2; 5 6 4; 6 5 8; 7 7 3;

5TAAD PLAl<E VERIFICATION F[lR. CONCRETE DESIGN START JOB INFOPHATION

ENGINUR DATI: 07-reb-03

END ,JOE UlFOPHATION

UNIT fEET KIP

JOINT COORDINATES

1 0 0 0; 2 0 15 0; 3 20 15 0; 'I 20 0 0; 5 Q 7. 5 0; I 7 10 150; 8 10 7.5 0;

MEHBEP INCIDENCES

1 1 5; 2 2 7; 3 3 6; 4 5 2' s 4; 6 8: 7 7 3; 8

START GROUP DEFINITION

7. Copy Picture

Muc dich: sao chep mot birc anh,

Thao tac: Menu Edi t ~ Copy Picture.

8. Edit Input Command File

Muc dich: chinh sua file so lieu dau vao nhu mot trinh soan thao thong thuong.

Thao tac: Menu Edi t ~ Edit Input Command File ~ elm s6 SproEdi t => chinh sira thee cac quy uoc v~ dong lenh trong Staad.Pro => Close.

STAAL' PLANE VERIfICATION FOR CONCRETE DES1Gt1 START JOE INFOI\HATION

ENGINEER DATE 07-Feb-03

•• END JOB INFOF1IATlON

usrr rsrr KIF

.J OINT C OORDIN'ATE5

10 00; 2 0 15 0; J 20 150; 4200 0; 5 0 7.5 0

· 7 10 15 0; 8 10 7.5 0; MEMBER INCIDENCE3

START GROUP DEFINITION

MEMBER MEMBER

_Cl 3 5 _Cl 3 5

1 1 5; 2 2 7; 3 3 6; 4 5 2; 5 6 4; 6 5 8: 7 7 3;

1 1 5; 2 2 7; 3 3 6; 4 5 2; 6 4; 6 5 8; 7 7 3; c ,

1 000; 2 0 15 0; 320 150; 420 DO; 507.5 0 100 0; 2 0 15 0; 3 20 15 0; 420 0 0; 5 0 7.50;

7 10 15 0; 810 7.5 0; 7 10 15 0; 8 10 7.5 0; \

MEMBER INGIl>ENCESl1El'IBER INCIl)ENl"E:l

STAAT GP.DTJP DEFINITION MEllIlER

_0 3 5

_C2 1 4

_Dl 6 8

· _D2 2 7 JOINT

;;T ART GROllF c'EfIlHTlO), MEMBER

_Cl 3 5

C2 1 4 _01 6 8 _D2 2 7

JOHIT

END GROUP DEfINITION

END GROUP DHll1ITION UlHT IIiTCHES KI P

· UNIT mCHE S KIP

'Linei Col 1

OVR .

NUM

Chu y: D~ chinh sua s6 lieu diroi dang file Text yeu cau nguoi su dung phai nam virng cau true cac dong lenh trong file so lieu (* .std).

72

Chirong IX TRINH DON VIEW

Select Geometry Comrr

Zoom Pan

View Selected Objects Only

Tables, "

V'I'hole Structure

Orientation", F4

Structure Diagrams",

New View",

View Management

T oolbers, , • Options", Set Colors, , .

Structur al Tool Tip Options ".

l:> 3D Rendering

Refresh

1. Zoom

Muc dich: thu ph6ng de vung can quan sat rren sa d6 ket cau. - Thao tic thirc hien:

Menu View ~ Zoom => chon kieu thu ph6ng ket cau,

View

Zoom ~

.,. <}loornWindow '206ni Factor .. : 2o~mln .•..

··:;!~\~Ii~~···

·····.):~:f~'~;zoom

Trong do:

Zoom l'Jindow: ph6ng to theo eva s6 xac dinh,

73

Zoom Factor: thu phong theo dan vi ti 1¢ dua vao. Zoom In: phong to tirng rmrc.

Zoom Out: thu nho tirng rmic.

Zoom All: xem toan bo ket cau.

Dynami c Zoom: phong to ket cau tren mot cira s6 quan sat maio Previous: huy bo mot tac v~ lenh Zoom tnroc do.

Clniy:

Cac thao tac Zoom, Pan co the thuc hien qua viec sir dung cac bieu nrong nrong ung tren thanh cong c~ View.

2. Pan

Muc dich: dich chuyen vung can quan sat tren so do ket cau. - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu View =:> Pan hoac chon bieu nrong pan~l tren thanh c6ng c~ View.

3. View Selected Objects Only

Muc dfch: chi xem cac phan tir duoc chon tren so do ket cau. Thao tac: Menu View => View Selected Objects Only. Chu y: D6 huy bo tac dung cua lenh nay ta thirc

hien thao tac tren mot hin 0I1a hoac chon bieu nrong

Zoom All.

4. Table

Muc dich: b~t/tiit cac bang dir lieu diroc lira chon, - Thao lac thuc hien:

Menu View => Tables => hop thoai Tables =>

chon cac bang dtr lieu can the: hien, quan sat va xir li.

Trong do:

List: cac lira chon. Co hai hra ch911 Iii:

- Analysis Input: b~t/dt cac bang dir lieu diiu vao.

- Analys is Results: b~t/tAt cac bang dfr lieu ket qua.

74

Iables:

,

r Nodes P Beams

~ Section Properties r Materials

r Supports

r Supported Nodes r Node Displecements

r Beern End Displacements ~ Beam Displacement Detail r Support Reactions

r Beam End Forces

r Beam Force Detail

r Max Forces bv Section F'roDer!\1 v List

A·

. W Analysis Input P Anal}lsis Results

OK Cancel

Y nghia cac bang dir lieu:

Ten bang Y nghia
Nodes Bang dir lieu v~ nut
Beams Bang dir lieu ve dam
Sections Properties Ring dir lieu v~ d(te trirng de mat citt
Materials Bang dii lieu ve d~e tnrng cac v~t lieu
Supports Bang dtr I i¢u ve lien ket noi dat
Supported Nodes Bang dir lieu ve cac lien ket tai nut
I Nodes Displacement Bang dir lieu ve chuyen vi nut
Beam End Displacements Bang dCr lieu ve chuyen vi ella darn
Beam Displacements Bang dir lieu ehi tiet ve chuyen vi ella dam
Support Reactions Bang dfr lieu ve phan hrc goi tua
Beam End Force Bang dfr lieu ve noi hrc ella dam
Beam Force Detail Bang dfr lieu chi ti~t ve noi hrc cua dam
Max Forces by Section Bang dir lieu ve noi hrc 100 nhat tai cac mat cit dac tnrng
Plate Centre Stress Bang dir lieu ve ling suat chinh cua tam
Solid Centre Stress Bang dfr lieu ve ling suat chinh ella Solid
Solid Corner Stress Bang dfr lieu ve irng suat goc cua Solid
Plates Bang dir lieu ve tam
Solids Bang dfr li¢u ve Solid
Load Values Bang dir lieu v~ gia tri cac tai trong
Specification Values Bang dfr lieu ve gia tri diroc chi dinh
Beam Stresses Bang dCr lieu ve irng suat ella darn
Design Results Bang dir lieu ve de ket qua thiet ke
Staad.etc Report Bang dCr lieu ve thiet ke mong Cliff Y:

- Chi nen hien thi bang dir lieu nao rna ta quan tam.

- Nguoi sirdung co th~ goi bang Tables bang each kfeh chon bieu nrong Tables 01

tren thanh cong cu Structure.

5. Whole Structure

M~JC dich: dira ra sa do ket call hoan chinh tren mot cira s6 quan sat maio - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu View ~ Whole Structure.

75

Trong d6:

- view: chon che dQ quan sat ket cau:

Isometric: quan sat khong gian. Perspective: quan sat ph6i canh,

- Defaul t Orientation To: huang nhin chuan:

Side: quan sat mat ben. Front: quan sat mat tnroc, Plan: quan sal mat bang.

3 D: quan sat khong gian.

Distance to Structure: khoang each den ket cau (inch). Elevation Angle: g6c quay dirng (tinh bang do),

Rotation Angle: g6c xoay nghieng (tinh bang do).

Spin Angle: xoay h~ true toa d¢ tong the.

Apply Immediately: co hieu lire ngay khi thay d6i cac thong so qua cira s6 quan sat.

,

6. Orientation [F4]

Muc dfch: dua ra huang va gee quan sat moi ella ket cau thea dinh nghia bai ngiroi dung. Thao tac thuc hien: Menu View => Orientation::::> hop thoai Orientation ==> thier lap cac thong so ==> Apply.

> , < _~ w

• Orientation: V£R14 - Whole Structure ~

! Y:iew'----'---i

r. Isometric !

i r ~erspective I

___.J

Qistance to Structure: II~' f. ~ in

;,Ie"!ation Angle: 1m ~

R91.ation Angle ~ Iil SplnADgle ·-O--~

£lose I
8Pply I
Bestore I
Help I Q.efault Orientation T c, -

~ide I~ ElarJ 3D 1

W Apply Immediately

Restore: khoi phuc lai ket cau ban dau.

7. Diagrams

Muc dich: thiet l~p thong so th~ hien cac sa do ket cau va bieu do noi hrc. Thao lac: Menu View ==> Diagram => hop thoai Diagram.

76

7.1. Menu Ilgallg Force Limits

Muc dfch: thiet l~p de gioi han th~ hien noi hrc trong so do ket cau,

Thao nic: Menu View => Diagram => hop thoai D'i a q r arn => Force Limits => thier 1(lp de thong s6 => OK.

Trong do:

Stress: irng suat. ClIlI f' Mac dinh neu Maximum == Minimum = 0 thl hien thi day du bieu d6 noi lire ella

Load Case:

rruong hap tai trong can xern noi life.

forces: cac

thanh ph an noi life:

Mi n i murn: gioi han noi hrc nho nhat.

Max .i rnum: gioi han noi life Ion nhat.

Axial: luc doc. Shear yy, zz: hrc cat thea phirong he loa do dia plurong yy, ZZ.

Bending yy,zz: morncn thea true yy, zz cua h¢ true toa do dia phuong.

Torsion: mornen xoan cua ket call.

Structure Force Limits

Loads and Results

I Animation

Scales Labels

I Design Results

~

Load .case: 11: DEAD + LIVE

Forces

View Limits ..

(. Exceed Either ! r Exceed Ma:-:imur i

ket cau trong cira s6 quan sat. - Vi ew Limits: gioi han cung quan sat.

Exceed Ei ther: virot qua mot trong hai gioi han. Exceed maximum: virot qua gioi han Ion nhar. Exceed minimum: VLr01 qua gioi han nho nhat.

- Color within 1 imi t: mall sac noi hrc th~ hien trong gioi han.

- Color outside limi t: mau sac noi hrc th~ hien ngoai gioi han.

Cilli .},: Thay dc)i mau sac bang each klch chuor vao bieu nrong mau va chon thea y muon.

Minimum Maximum
r. None
r: Axial 10 10
c Shear 9Y fo 10
r Shear zz 10 10
(~ BendingY.l-lo 10
r Bending 2, )0 10
r Torsion 10 10
r Stress 1.275 1275 Mton Mton

,

r: Exceed MinimuIT I

Mton

Color within limit

kNm II Widthrr-
kNm Color outside limit
kNm IIWidthr
kN/m2 J Cancel 8Pply Help

..._--- --_ ....... ---- --- .......

OK

77

7.2. Menu ngang Structure

M~IC dich: thiet lap cac thong so the hien eho so do ket cau.

111;[0 t;IC: Menu View::::;> Diagram::::;> hop thoai Diagram ==> Structure ==> thiet I~p cac

thong ~(l th~ hien ==> OK.

Hide Plate/Solid: an cac ph an tir Plate va Solid.

Hide Structure: An ket cau.

Show Centre lines: hi~n thi cac doi nrong dirong thang tai tam clr~ s6 quan sat.

Trang d():

- 3D~t ions: th~ hien cue IlliU cat 3 chieu, gam:

None: khong th~ hien mat cat.

Full Sections: the hien day du cac mat cat,

Section

Outline: the hien mat cat thea phan cap.

- View: cac thong s6 the hien tren khung nhin, bao gam:

Fill Plate/Solid: t6 darn cac phan ttr Plate va Solid.

Force Limits Structure I

Animation Loads and R esul\s

Design A esulr; Scales I Labels

Hide Piping: ~n Piping.

S r in k: co ngan phan tv thea ti l~ phan tram (tic 0 - 49%).

perspecti ve: hien thi phoi d.nh so do ket cau.

Sort Geometry: dua ra sa do ket cau,

Sort Nodes: khong dua ra cac nut bi khuat.

_ Color: dua ra mau s~c d~e tnrng cua de phan nr nhu: dam (Beam), phan cap mat cat (Section Outline), ph an tv tam (Plate), phan tir khoi (Solid).

78

. View

r Fill Plates/S olids

r Hide Plates/Solids r Hide StJucture

; 3D S ections-'

r. \N;;~cl

~, -.

c: £uU Sections

r §ections Outline

J Shrinkr;o- % r Perspective

W Sort Geometry

w S how Center Lines r Sort Nodes

I' Colors ----- . .
Beams • Plates B
i
! Section Outline • Solids :.I
Selected Entities • Margin around structure ~ %

Cancel

8Pply . 1 __ H_e_lp_-,

OK

- Margin around Structure: thu phong ket cau trong cira s6 quan sat theo ti l¢ phan tram dira V~lO, mac dinh la 10%. Ti I¢ % nam trong khoang 0 - 49%.

7.3. Menu ngang Animation

Muc dich: thiet lap cac thong so the hien sa do dao dong ket cau nrong ling voi cac truong hop rai trong.

Thao tac: Menu Vi e"w ~ Diagram ~ hop thoai Diagram => Anima tion => thiet lap de thong so => OK.

Trong do:

Mo de: bien dang ella ket cALI trong bai toan phan t ich dong.

Stress: bien d6 bao Crng suSt.

Animation Se t up: thiet l(lp de

thong so dao dong ella ker cau.

Full Screen: th~ hien dao dong tren toan b¢ man hinh. Lua chon nay rat ton b¢ nho.

- Diagram Type: k ie'u bieu do.

No

Anima tion:

khong dao dong.

Deflection: bieu d6 chuyen vi eric nut cua ket cau.

Section Displacement: bicu d6 chuyen vi mat cat cua ke't cau.

Structure Foree Limits

Loads and Results Animation

S celes Labels

I Design Results

.. Diagram Type

r. IN".~A0.!~~.tI~·~

i{

{

r:

r

Animation Setup

Extra Frames I' ~ Target FPS rw-- ~

Extra frames above minimum needed.

N ole: T he speed cannot be guaranteed.

! Use Metaliles for offscreen data. (Note: May save mem at expense of spe

..~r:i0te: ~f:i!~_..,~~rn.~ti~~~~El.,~~ vi~~.~~I~ ... _i

OK

Close

8Pply

Help

Ext r a F r arne: tJng/gi,lm do min dao dong cua ket cau, Gia tri tang/giarn narn [rang khoang 0 <::: rang/gram <::: 99. Gia tri cang nho thi do min ding Ian.

Ta r q e t; Frs: tang/giiim toe d¢ dao dong cua ket cau. Gia tri tang giam narn trong khoang 5 <::: tang/giarn <::: 99. Gij tfi cang 10'n thi toe do dao dong cang 16n,

Use tvletaflles for offscreen data: hru bien dang ella ker call diroi dinh dang file anh (*.wmO.

79

Help

Ch,t y:

_ Dung phfm ESC d~ dung dao dong cua ket cau,

_ Trong qua trtnh ket call dao dong, dung phfm F 12 d~ quan sat toan bo man hinh. Ket thiic dao dong bang phim F12 hoac phfm ESC.

_ G9i nhanh hop thoai .Animation bang each chon bieu nrong Anima te ~ tren thanh cong cu Resul t.

7.4. Menu ngang Load and Results

Muc dfch: thiet lap Tl11m sac eho cac thong s6 the hien tren so db ket cau.

Thao tac: Menu View => Diagram => hop thoai Diagrams => Load and Results => thiet lap cac th6ng sc => OK.

F orce Limits Structure

Animation Loads and Results

De~ign ReslJlts

S celes Labels

Load Case 11 [l EAD + LIVE

loads

P Loads. Direct III Moment _j

r Ar.ial C. T.

(:: ~ __ ~:.~~'j: ,;J: .. , r CUk~i C

r Shear yy •

r Shearzz .,

r 8endingyy r Bending zz r Torsion

llillJ •• •

C.

"'Deflection

(0- r'Jone

(~- Deflection

r Section Displacement

8eam Forces Diagram r. Hatch

r Fill

r Outline

OK

Cancel

Appl},

Trong do:

_ Load Case: truong hop tai trong can thiet lap va thay d6i thong s6.

_ Loads: cac tai trong nrong irng v6'i mau mac dinh.

80

- Deflection: dira ra bien dang so do ker cau. None: so do ket cau khong bien dang. Deflection: sodo ket cau bien dang.

Section Displacement: so dd ket cau dao dong.

- Beam Forces: cac thanh phan noi hrc voi rnau mac dinh tUO'I1g LIng.

CIIII y: Cac mau eho cac hra chon la mac dinh, Ta co tM thay d6i bang cac mau khac bang each nhap chuot vao 0 mau mu6n thay d6i.

7.5. Menu ngang Scales

Muc dich: thiet l~p ti l¢ cac thong s6 cua so do ket cau tren man hinh thea don V! diroc Iva chon.

- Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu View ~ Diagram ~ hop thoai Diagrams ~ Scales ~ thiet l~p cac ti l~ the hien ~ OK.

Trang do:

- Load Scales: ti I¢ cac ki~u tai trong.

Point. Force: ti I¢ lire [~p trung tai nut.

Dist. Force:

ti l¢ cac hrc tap trung tren thanh.

Point. Moment: ti I¢ mornen tai nut.

Dist. Moment:

ti I¢ momen tren thanh.

Pressure: tll¢ ap lire tren thanh,

- Resul t Scales: ti l¢ ket qua tfnh toano

Bending: tl I¢ bieu do rnorncn.

Shear: ti Ie bieu do 1~I'c cat.

Diagrams [8J

Force Limits Structure I

Animation Loads and Resuns

Design Results I·

Scales I Labels .1

Load Sceles-v+

Point Force: 10.50985 ~ Mton per m

Dist. Force 15 . 1:3 kN/m per m

Point.Moment: 15 ~ kNm per m

Dist. Moment: J5 ~ kNm/m per m

Pressure: j50 ~ kN/m2 per m

Result Scales ...

~ending: 1100 jj) kNm per m

_2hear: I' O. '972 @ .Mton pei m

8xial 15.09858!3 Mtori per m

IOlsion: /1 0 ~ kNm per m

Qisplacement: I' ~ m per m

Beam Stress; 150000 ~ kN/m2 perm

Mode Shape: jo, ~ p ~p.p.~.I~.~.~.~!.~.\.~.~

Save As Default I Reset To Default I

OK

, Cancel

8PPl_y

Help

81

Axial: ti l¢ bieu do hrc doc,

Torsion: ti l¢ bieu do momen xoan. Displacement ti 1¢ chuyen vi ket diu. Beam Stress: ti l~ bieu do ling suat.

_ Save as Default: liru thiet lap ti I~ hien thai va cho cac bai toan tiep theo. - Reset to Default: thiet l~p lai ti 1¢ mac dinh ban dau.

Cha y: V6i rnoi SCi do ket cau va each chon don vi tinh thi cac ti le urong img Ia khac nhau.

7.6. Menu ngang Labels

Muc dich: thier lap the hien cac nhan cua d6i nrong tren sa do ket cau thea yeu cau thuc teo - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu View => Diagram => hop thoai Diagrams => Labels ==> thiet lap de thong so th~ hien => OK.

82

Diagrams ' . "" ~

.1 Animation

Loads and Results

Design Results

5 celes Labels

FOfceLimils Structure I

11 ~;.;'.~:;':R~~~~i-] ·f. ~":~=e~;:'--! ...

r Node Eoints I . ,(' §.ections !

I P S!,!pports I r. NQne ;

l~._~~~~SiO~ .. _ .. _J L_ .. _. __ .. _ .. _ J

~·;:::=ll~~;-~~be"

r Beam Orientation! r Plate Ilrientelion

. I

r BeamSpeci

P Releases \

L_ _:"_, ,-_._J '-- -.----- -- .

r'Loading Display Options i r LoadY:alues

r Solid Numbers

P Display Wind Load Contributory Alea

P Djspl~ Floor Loading

P' Display Wind Load

P Display Floor Load Distribution

I

OK

Cancel

Help

Trong do:

- Node s: cac nhan v~ nut.

Node Numbers: danh s6 cac nut. Node Points: danh diu cac nut.

S uppo rt s: thti hien lien ket n6i dat.

Dimens ion: th~ hien duong kich thiroc.

- Properties: cac dac tfnh cua phdn tu. References: tht hien cac thong s6 tham khao. Sections: the: hien ten cac mat cat.

None: khong tht hien.

- General: cac thong s6 chung.

Axe s: b~t!dt he true toa d¢ tdng tM. Material: vat lieu sir dung.

Show Diagram into: dua ra ten bie:u d6. - Beams: cac thong so v~ phan tu thanh. Beam 'Numbe r s: danh s6 phan nr thanh,

Beam Orientation: b~t!t~h he true toa d¢ dia phirong. Releases: th~ hien giai ph6ng lien ket,

- PIa tes: cac thong so ve phan nr tam vo. Plate Numbers: danh'so phan ti.'r tam Plate,

Plate Orientation: b~t/tit h¢ true toa de> dia phuong. - Solids: cac thong s6 v~ phan nr Solid.

Sol i d Numbers: danh s6 ph an til Solid.

- Loading Di splay Options: cac Iva chon hien thi tai trong. Load Values: hien thi cac gia tri tai trong,

Di splay Floor Loading: hie'n rh] tai trong san.

Display Floor Load Distribution: hi~n thi phan b6 tai trong san. Display ~hnd Load Contributory area: hie'n thi vung chiu tai trong gio. Display r",'ind Load: hi~n thi tai trong gio.

CIIII _l': - Chi hien thi cac thong s6 tren khi can thiet,

- C6 th~ goi nhanh hop thoai Labels bang each chon bieu nrong Symbols and Labels trcn thanh cong ql Strecture,

83

Help

7.7. Menu ngang Design Result

Muc dich: din ctr vao ket qua tinh toan d~ tht'! hien ket qua thiet ke cau kien thep. - Thao lac thuc hien:

Menu View::::> Diagram::::> h9P thoai Diagrams::::> Design Results => thiet lap cac thong s6 => OK.

Structure Force Limits

Loads and Results I Animation

S cales Labels

Design Results

1- Diagram-· .--"~--

·1 ,

r t~~.~~.~

Safe < I' P ShowValues

<" Fail < 1'.5

< .. [:.:treme Fail

Not designed •
Safe •
Fail •
Extreme Fail • Help . ·.1

OK

I

Cancel

Trang d6:

- Diagram: bieu d6. Acti ve: kich hoar. Safe: h¢ s6 an toano

Show Values: dua ra gia trio

_ Colour: mall sac mac dinh the hien ket qua thiet ke,

Not designed: khong thiet ke.

84

Safe: da thief kc cau kien,

Fa i 1: kh6ng dll dieu kien cho vice thiet ke.

Ex t r erne Fa i 1: dac biet kh6ng dLI dieu kien cho viec thiet ke,

ClIlI .\''- Ngltoi sLr dung co the thay d6i cac mall sac mac dinh bang each nhap chuot vao 6 mau c.in rhay d6i.

S. Open View

M\IC clich: t~.IO moi 111\)[ ella s6 quan sal da dinh nghia tai etta s6 hien thai hoac tren mot c ira S(_~ q uan silt khac

Thao r.ic: ;-1enu View::::;.. Open View::::;.. hop thoai Open View::::;.. chon cira s6 can quan s.it => OK.

Vie'i·.I;:

eltd s~;;~ $at t,§ng 1 Uta $'S qlJan $.~t t~ng 2

OK

Cancel

Help

Tao eua s6 quan sal boi nglfoi Slt dl,mg

Do }IOU want to:

(- Creale a new window for the view

r. Display the viev·) in the active window

Troug do:

'.fie'.·;.s: chon eric cira s6 quan sat da duoc dinh nghia.

C.:-['at>;;; a r1CH w i r.dow for the v i ew: tao cira s6 moi eho khung nhin duoc chon. Gisplay the v i e w z.r. the active window: hien thi khung nhin ngay trong cira

s() k ich hoat hi011 thoi.

Cti« {'."

- L'lem: u:~(~:l \/~="i chi sang khi de cuu s6 (juan slit 0;1 duoc dinh nghia.

- D0 tr()" vc hinh cL,mg so tIt) kcr cau ball cl{[u btmg each He nu Vi eo'l => Zoom => Zoom

T,ll hone chon hicu tLlvng :::':0:;;:1 idl ~ tren thanh cong cu View.

85

Doyou want to:

r Create a new window for the view

r. Display the view in the active window

OK

9. New View

Muc dich: tao mot cira s6 quan sat ket cau moi tren CCi sCi cac d6i tuong diroc chon. - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu View =:> New View =:> hcp thoai New View ~ tao cira s6 quan sat moi => OK.

Cancel

Help

Trong do:

Create a new window for the v i ew: tao cira s6 moi cho khung nhln diroc chon.

Display the view in the active window: hien thi khung nhln ngay trong cira

s6 kfch hoat hien thoi, cs« y:

_ M6i cira s6 New View chi co tac dung trong mot Ian thiet lap.

_ D6 tra v~ hinh dang SO do ket cau ban dau bang each Menu View => Zoom => Zoom All hoac chon bieu nrong Zoom All .mJ tren thanh cong cu View.

10. View Management

Muc dich: hru, dinh nghia moi ... cira s6 quan sat ket cau. - Thao tac thuc hien:

Menu View => View Management.

Add To View ...

Save View, .,

Trong do:

Detach View: xoa mot cira s6 quan sat da dinh nghia.

Add to View: them mot cfra s6 quan sat maio

Save View: IUlJ cira s6 quan sat da xac dinh.

Thao tac thirc hien:

_ Chon cac d6i nrong can quan sat tren cira s6 maio

86

- Menu View => New View.

- Menu View => View Management => Save View => hop thoai Save View As => dira vao ten cira s6 Name.

V i du: Truce va sau khi tao cira s6 quan sat moi.

Sau khi t~1O C/t(l so'

Truce khi tao (,//'0 so'

Fe name Iii ew: d6i ten cira s6 da dinh nghia,

87

Thao tac rhirc hien:

- Chon eva so din thay doi ten.

_ Menu View => View Management => Rename View => hop thoai Eename Vie", => dua van ten cira s6 moi => OK .

. . ~ ':""';-~~:_~i<~: .~

Old Narrie:C~asgquan sat s61

New~~;Jc~as6 quansatso 2

OK

Cancel

Trong do:

Old Name: ten eva s6 quan sat cu. New Name: len cira s6 quan sat maio

11. Toolbars

Muc dfch: b~t/d.t cac thanh cong C~I thea lua ch911 boi nguci Slf dung.

Thao tac: Menu View => Toolbars => hop thoai Customize => chon thanh cong cu can b~t/t5.t => OK.

88

T oolbars I Commands I

Toolbers;

l'JRotate

W Show T ooltips P Cool Look r Large Buttons

New ...

~File ~Print ~Structure Q1View

Reset

[o?JMode [~Selection G2l Geometry ~Generate

Ri Structure Tools b?JR esults ~Macros

I Cancel

1....-_............1 __ __.i

OK

Help

12. Options

Muc dfch: Iva chon va thiet I~p cac thong s6 th~ hien tren SCI do ket cau.

Thao lac: Menu View ~ Options ~ h9P thoai Options.

12.1. Menu ngang View Highlight

M~IC dich: lhei hien n6i bat vung d6i urong duoc chon theo rnau site duoc thiet lap.

Thao ttic: Menu View ~ Options ~ h9P thoai Options ~ View Highlight ~ Ihiel I~r Ih(')[1£ s6 tht hien => OK.

Beam Labels Plate Labels Solid Labels I

Load Labels I Annotation I Structure Units I

Section Units I Force Units I Dimension J

View Highlight I Tolerance I Tables I Assign Digs I Node Labels I

Highlight Y:iew in Whole %ucture Window .....• _

Show ;;oomed Area in P alent View····

~ Highlight Width f3 ~ _

OK

Cancel

Help

Trong do:

Highlight \j~.'~r .:' II/hole Structure Window: lam sang VLlI1g d6i nrong diroc

chon thea mau m:IC du.h (hoac rnau thay doi) trong cua s6 chua ket cau:

- Hi9i1light b,lt/UI che' do the hien.

- \,-] i ci t h: d() rnng net th& h ien .

.sho\,-l ::>.J[''''J t.. ea in Paren t View; lam sang vung diroc Zoom tren cira 56 moi \(1i bict: tU~/llg m.iu ella cira so Zoom the' hicn tren cira s6 truce no.

89

12.2. Menu ngang Section Units

Help

Muc dfch: dinh nghia cac don vi luc va chieu dai eho file s6 lieu dau vao cua ket cau, Thao tac: Menu View => Options => hop thoai Options::::> Section Units => thiet l~p dan V! => OK.

Trong do:

_ Section properties: chon cac don vi tinh eho mat cat.

Area: don vi tinh dien tfch.

Inertia: don vi tinh rnomen quan tinh. Dimens ion: don vi tinh kich thuoc. Show: phan thap phan sau dau cham.

_ Mater ial Properties: chon cac dac tfnh vat lieu.

E I G: dan vi tinh modun dan hOi.

Dens i ty: don vi tfnh trong luong ban than. Alpha: don vi tinh nhiet do,

Show: phan thap phan sau dau cham.

Chit y: Cac thong s6 don vi co the thay d6i linh dong trong qui trinh nhap so lieu.

, ,~ .

Options ~

Beam Labels I Plate Labels Solid Labels

Load Labels I Annotation I Structure U nits I View Highlight I Tolerance I Tables I Assign Digs I Node Labels I Se~tion Units I Force Units I Dimension I

.: rSection Properties-.--.--_·····_··········_·,,· __ ·····_-_···

I Area: 1_::::1 ShoWr~ dec places

! Inertia: 1m' :::1 Show r ~ dec places

I

! Dimension: 1m 3 Showf3~ dec places

~_~. ._ •• _ .• ,_. ~_'~' •. " •• '.~ •• ~ 'M·""~~"

Material Properties -._._ .. _-_ .. -._ __ .

E;G: IkN/m2 3 Show f3 tE dec places
Dens~y: lk.g/m3 3 Show r ~ dec places
Alpha: 11rK ::1 Show r ~ dec places Cancel

8Pply

OK

90

12.3. Menu ngang Load Labels

Muc dich: thiet lap Font chir va vi trf th~ hien cac gia tri tai trong tren sa do ket cau. Thao lac: Menu View => Options => hop thoai Options => Load Label s => thiet I~p cac thong s6 => OK.

Trong do:

- Style: chon kieu th~ hien gia tr] tai trong.

- Horizontal Alignment: can chinh thea phirong ngang.

Le ft: can rrai.

Options ~

Style: 1123. 4 :iJ

Horizontal Alignment -- -,~-

Beam Labels Plate Labels I Solid Labels

Section Units t Force Units I Dimension I

View Highlight I Tolerance) Tables I Assign DIgs I Node Labels J Load Labels I Annotation I Structure Units I

r. To(:

r Beselne r BoHom Pixels Up

FonL.

r Opaque

f23.4

OK

Cancel

Apply

Help

Centre: can giira, Right: can phai.

Pixels Right: dich chuyen gia tri tai sang phai so voi diem dat tai, - Vertical Alignment: can chinh thea phuong dirng.

Top: can tren.

Bot tom: can duci.

Pixels Up: dich chuyen gia tri tai len tren so vci diem d~t tai,

91

_ Font: chon Font th~ hien gia tri tai trong. _ opaque: th~ hien mo gia tri tai trong. cio».

_ M9i thiet ]~p deu th~ hien trong 6 quan S~l S .rr.: .Le

_ Gia tri Pixels Right, Pixe ~ s IJ]:.. nam tiong khoang: r -20,20]

12.4. Menu ngang Beam Labels

Muc dich: thiet lap Font chir va \j tJ I th' hl¢l. de 'Ihall tren phan tLI' thanh.

Thao hie: Menu View => 01- ti "1t ::'.. hop tllll~l iF i0:.:i => Beam Labels => thiel lap cac thong sO' => OK.

Trang do:

Sty 1 e: chon kieu th€ hien nhan phan tu dam.

Vertical Alignment:

can chinh thea phirong dirng.

Top: can tren. Bottom: can duoi,

P ixe 1 sUp: dich chuyen nhan len tren so voi duong gi6ng.

Separa tor: dira vao dau phan each.

- Ref: thong s6 cua tiet dien tham khao,

- Hori zontal Alignment:

can chinh thea phirong ngang.

Left: can trai. Centre: can giiJa. Ri qh-t.: can phai.

pixel s Right: dich chuyen nhan sang ben phai so voi dtrong gi6ng.

Section Units Force Units 1 Dimension 1

View Highh'':# 1 T olerance I T ebles I .6.ssign Digs I Node Labels 1

Load labels I, .t>.nnotation I Structure Units 1

B,,,," L,Io<I, 1 PI", Lebels So," L,be" II

Style: IN!) ,'-':'1 Separelcr: r Ref:lp' 3

Horizontal Alignment

(.. Lelt

c Right

Pixels Right fCl ~

Vertical Alignment

r. Toe

C 8 aseline C' Bottom

P· I U .r,:;-O ~

ixers p IU EI

Sample

.1 r::::l~6~;';:·:::::::::11

r Opaque r Angle Tel-tt

OK 1 Close !

----_ ....

_ Font: chon Font th~ hien nhan. - Opaque: lam rnb' nhan.

_ Ang le Text: xoay nhan thea true 1 he toa d¢ dia phuong ella phan ur thanh.

92

CJllfY:

- M9i thiet lap deu th~ hien trong 0 quan sat Sample.

- Gia tri Pixels Right, Pixels Up nam trong khoang: [-20,20]

12.5. Menu ngang Plate Labels

Muc dich: thiet I~p Font chir va v] trf th~ hien cac nhan tren phan ,tll' t<lm Plate.

Thao tac: Menu View Options => hop thoai Options => PIa te Label s => thiet hlp cac thong so => OK.

Trang do:

- Style: chon kieu th~ hien

Centre: can giira. Right: can phai.

Pixels Right: dich chuyen nhfin sang phai so v6i tam Plate.

Vertical Alignment:

can chinh thea phtrong dung:

Top: can tren, Bot t.om: can duoi.

Pixels Up: dich chuyen nhan len tren so voi tam Plate. - Font: chon Font th~ hien nhan.

nhan phan tll' tam.

- Separator: dira vao dau ph an each.

- Ref: thong so ella tiet dien tharn khao,

- Horizontal Alignment: can chinh theo plurong ngang.

Left: can trai,

Options t.RJ

Style: 11

Separator: r

Section Units I Force Units I Dimension I View Highlight I Tolerance I Tables I Assign Digs I Node labels I

Load Labels ' I Amotation I Structure Units I

Beam Labels Plate Labels Solid labels I

Vertical Alignment

r. TOf:

r BaselinE r Bottom

Sample

r Opaque r Angle Text

OK

Close

Help

- Opaque: Elm rna nhan.

- Ang Le Text: xoay nhiin thee true I he toa d¢ dia phirong ella Plate.

C/lli }':

- M9i th iet IZ'p deu th~ hien trong 0 quan sat S amp 1 e.

- Gia tri Pixels Right, Pixels Up nam trang gioi han: [-20,20]

93

T olerence 10. O:t metres

12.6. Menu ngang Solid Labels

Ml;IC dlch: thiet l*p Font chii va vi tri the hien die nhan tren phan tv kh6i Solid. Cac thong s6 trong Solid Labels giong nhir trong Beam Labels va Plate Labels.

- Thao tac thuc hien:

Menu View ~ Options ~ hop thoai options ~ Solid Labels ~ thiet lap cac thong s6 ~ OK.

12.7. Menu ngang Tolerence

Muc dfch: thiet l~p dung sai cho cac nut thea ban kinh mac dinh hoac dinh nghia maio Thao tac: Menu View ~ Options ~ hop thoai Options ==> Tolerence ==> thiet lap thong s6 ==> OK.

Options ~

Section Units I Force Units Dimension

Load labels I Annotation I Structure Units I Beam Labels I Plate Labels I Solid Labels I

View Highlight Tolerance I T abies I Assign Digs I Node Labels I

T olerence for clash detection during duplication.

The tolerence sets a radius around an existing node within which a new node will not be introduced during a move, copy or generate.

P' Split member if new node is added on the member

.__o_K _ __.I __ ~~ __ 8_P_p_IJ_...l H_el_p _ _l

Trong do:

Tolerence: dira vao dung sai ban kinh (m). Gia tri mac dinh HI O.05m, co nghia la khi do cac nut nam trong ban kinh O,05m se duoc 89P lai thanh duy nh~it I11Ql nut.

Test for added node breaking an beam: kiem tra viec them nut tnroc khi chia dam thea tl l¢ chi a dira vao.

94

12.8. Menu ngang Force Units

Muc dich: thiet lap cac don vi th~ hien don vi hrc cua ker cau.

Thao rae: Menu View::::::;> Options::::::;> hop thoai Options::::::;> Force Un i t s cc- thiet lap cac thong so::::::;> OK.

Options ~

Force
Force IhUon 3 Showp~dec places
Distr. Force '"non/m ..:J Show f3~ dec places
Moment jhHon-m 3 Show f31j dec places
D ist r. Moment IhHon-mJ3 ShowPI3 dec places
Stress IMT on/m:_::j ShowJ31:i dec places
Acceler ation lm/sec~ 3 Showjilj dec places Beam Labels I Plate Labels I Solid Labels I View Highlight I Tolerance I Tables I Assign Digs I Node Labels 1 load Labels I Annotation I Stlucture Units I

Section Units Force Units Dimension I

OK

Close

Help'

Trong do:

- Force: don vj hrc can tht hien:

Force: the hien don vi luc t*p trung.

Distr. Force: the hien don vi hrc phan bo, Moment: the hien don vi momen tap trung.

Distr. Moment: th~ hien don vi momen phan bo. Stress: th~ hien don vi irng suat, Acceleration: th~ hien don V! gia toe.

Show: the: hien ph an th~p ph[1I1 sau dau cham.

CIIl( y: Nen chon cac don vi the: hien thong tlurong theo Tieu chuan Viet Narn.

95

Show f3 ~ dec places Show f3 ~ dec places

....... i

12.9. Menu ngang Structure Units

Muc dich: thiet lap th~ hien cac thong so trong sa do ket cau.

Thao tac: Menu View => Options => hop thoai Options => Structure Units => thiet lap cac thong so => OK,

Options ~

B earn Labels I Plate labels Solid labels

Section Units I Force Units I Dimension I View High~ght I T olerence I T abies I Assign Digs I Node Labels I

Load Labels I Annotalion Suucture Units

r Dimensions·------····

I Dimension: 1m .::1

I .. biSplacernenhJ~3

Springs········-·:--~-·'·········· .

1.1, Lineer IkN' Irnrn ::1 h'"[3

..:J Showl3~decplaces

I RotationallkN-rn/de 3 Show f3 ~ dec places

1..-~~ ·_~_'_-_~ __ 'C_~""~_~_'~~·C'

Show[3~ dec places

,. 0 the'--·--_·······_··_········ .. .

I

I Temperature I·e :::J

[i Weight .·r-lk-g--3-,

-",:::"._.~. __ --,.;..~~~_~~...:.. -,...:__~c~ __ .. , ".~ __ .C-< -

Show 1313 dec places

; OK J Cancel Apply Help

I-- .... ---....I ------..I ---....I

Trong do:

~ Dimensiops: chon cac don V! th~ hien kich thuoc:

Dimension: don vi do kich thiroc. Displacement: don V! do chuyen vi.

~ Springs: chon cac don v] g6i dan hoi:

Linear: don vi chuyen vi thang. Rotational: don vi chuyen vi xoay. - Other: cac don vj khac:

Temperature: don vi nhiet do. Weigh t.: dan vi trong luong.

Show: phan thap phan sau dau cham.

96

12.10. Menu ngang Node Labels

Ml;IC dich: thiet l~p thong so va vi tri th~ hien cac nhan cua nut. - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu View ~ Options ~ ~9P thoai Options ~ Node Labels => thiet l~p cac thong so th~ hien ~ OK.

Trang do:

Style: chon kieu th~ hien nhan mit.

Horizontal Alignment:

can nhan nut thea phirong dirng.

Vertical Alignment: can nhan nut thea phuong ngang.

Options ~

Style: I No 1 :::1

,- H orizontai Aiigninel'lt~--~-----·---·· ._ .. _.~ __ 0> .~_o. . __ . -r«

. I

_.~_L.~~~._. r Centre '0 r Right __ ~~~s. Ri~~_~U

(. Vertical Alignment-~·----_·_····- .. -

Beam Labels I Plate Labels 1 Solid Labels

Section Units I Force Units I Dimension Load Labels I Annotation I Structure Units

View Highlight I Tolerance I Tables J Assign Digs Node Labels

FonL .. 1

! r. TOj:

r BaselinE r Bottom Pixels Up

r Opaque

. X
)
i No1
L .j
OK Cancel Apply j. Help' I 12.11. Menu ngang Dimension

Muc dfch: thier l~p thong so va vi trf th~ hien cho duong do kfch tluroc. - Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu View ~ Options ~ hop thoai Opt ions ~ Dimension ~ thiet lap cac thong so ~ OK.

12.12. Menu ngang Annotation

Ml;IC dich: thiet l~p thong so va vj trf lh~ hien cho cac chu giili dira vao them.

Thao tac: :vIenu Vie'd => Optior:.s => hop thoai Options ==> Annota tion =:> thiet l~p de th6ng s6 => OK.

97

13-. Set Color

Muc dfch: thiet lap va chi thi cac thong s6 mall cho ket cau . • Thao tac thirc hien:

Menu View => Set Color => hop thoai Color Manager.

Color Manager ,II]

Yiew Highlight I

Entities

: Analysis Results'--'

I

Forces

Limits

Results

Node Dimensionl

Current Sbucture Color Sceme r. StluCtureOnly

r: Force Limits

I L:::::::J!~:.::::~::::lI

Cancel

Help

Highlight Colors ~

Trong do:

_ Structure Color: cac mau dac tnrng cua ket cau.

View HighLight: lam n6i bat vung can quan sat bang cac rnau dac tnrng cho cac nh6m d6i nrong.

Enti ties: quy dinh cac mau diroc th~ hien tren bi~u db noi hrc.

. Analys is Results: de mau dac tnrng ella ket

qua ph an tfch va tinh toano

Forces: mall cua cac thanh phan noi lire. Limi ts: cac gioi han mall the hien noi lire.

_ Current Structure Color Scerne: cac mall dac tnmg cua ket call hien thai.

Structure Only: mall cua rieng ket call.

98

I tern: I View iJ

;' ~.~~~~I;·1~llml.wlll.··_Ir.tS~J~ .1 •••••• •••••••• •••••••• • ••••••• ••••• ['2.1

Custom Colors:

rrllrrr! rrll!!!r

Custom Colors»

OK

Cancel