Say It in Hindi
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Say It in Hindi - Dover
LISTEN & LEARN CASSETTES
Complete, practical at-home language learning courses for people with limited study time—specially designed for travelers.
Special features:
• Dual-language—Each phrase first in English, then the foreign-language equivalent, followed by a pause for repetition (allows for easy use of cassette even without manual).
• Native speakers—Spoken by natives of the country who are language teachers at leading colleges and universities.
• Convenient manual—Contains every word on the cassettes—all fully indexed for fast phrase or word location. Each boxed set contains one 90-minute cassette and complete manual.
Listen & Learn French .....Cassette and Manual
99914-9
Listen & Learn German .....Cassette and Manual
99915-7
Listen & Learn Italian .....Cassette and Manual
99916-5
Listen & Learn Japanese .....Cassette and Manual
99917-3
Listen & Learn Modern Greek .....Cassette and Manual
99921-1
Listen & Learn Modern Hebrew Cassette and Manual
99923-8
Listen & Learn Russian .....Cassette and Manual
99920-3
Listen & Learn Spanish .....Cassette and Manual
99918-1
Listen & Learn Swedish .....Cassette and Manual
99922-X
This volume in the Dover Say It series was prepared under the editorial supervision of Nancy D. Gross.
Special thanks to Mr. Martin Tytell, of Tytell Typewriters, N.Y.C., for his painstaking preparation of the Hindi typewriter used in this book.
Copyright © 1981 by Dover Publications, Inc.
All rights reserved under Pan American and International Copyright Conventions.
Say It in Hindi is a new work, first published by Dover Publications, Inc., in 1981.
9780486137919
International Standard Book Number: 0-486-23959-4
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 80-65376
Manufactured in the United States of America
Dover Publications, Inc.
31 East 2nd Street
Mineola, New York 11501
Table of Contents
LISTEN & LEARN CASSETTES
Title Page
Acknowledgements
Copyright Page
INTRODUCTION
NOTES ON THE USE OF THIS BOOK
PRONUNCIATION
EVERYDAY PHRASES
SOCIAL PHRASES
BASIC QUESTIONS
TALKING ABOUT YOURSELF
MAKING YOURSELF UNDERSTOOD
DIFFICULTIES & MISUNDERSTANDINGS
CUSTOMS
BAGGAGE
TRAVEL DIRECTIONS
BOAT
AIRPLANE
TRAIN
BUS AND STREETCAR
TAXI AND RICKSHAW
RENTING AUTOS
AUTO: DIRECTIONS
AUTO: HELP ON THE ROAD
AUTO: GAS STATION & REPAIR SHOP
PARTS OF THE CAR
TELEGRAM
TELEPHONE
HOTEL
HOTEL STAFF
RENTING AN APARTMENT
APARTMENT: USEFUL WORDS
CAFÉ AND BAR
RESTAURANT
SEASONINGS AND SPICES
BEVERAGES AND BREAKFAST FOODS
SOUPS AND SALAD
MEATS
POULTRY
FISH AND SEAFOOD
VEGETABLES
GRAINS AND CEREALS
FRUITS AND NUTS
DESSERTS
INDIAN FOODS
SIGHTSEEING
WORSHIP
ENTERTAINMENTS
SPORTS AND GAMES
HIKING AND CAMPING
BANK AND MONEY
SHOPPING
CLOTHING AND ACCESSORIES
COLORS
MATERIALS
BOOKSHOP, STATIONER & NEWSDEALER
PHARMACY
DRUGSTORE ITEMS
CAMERA SHOP AND PHOTOGRAPHY
GIFT AND SOUVENIR LIST
TOBACCO SHOP
LAUNDRY AND DRY CLEANING
REPAIRS AND ADJUSTMENTS
BARBER SHOP
BEAUTY PARLOR
STORES AND SERVICES
BABY CARE
HEALTH AND ILLNESS
AILMENTS
DENTIST
ACCIDENTS
PARTS OF THE BODY
TIME
WEATHER
DAYS OF THE WEEK
HOLIDAYS
DATES, MONTHS AND SEASONS
NUMBERS: CARDINALS
NUMBERS: ORDINALS
QUANTITIES
FAMILY
COMMON SIGNS & PUBLIC NOTICES
INDEX
Precise, to-the-point guides for adults with limited learning.time - ESSENTIAL GRAMMAR SERIES
INTRODUCTION
Say It in Hindi is based on the form of Hindi spoken in the north central part of India, which encompasses the capital city of New Delhi, Agra (the city of the Taj Mahal) and Lucknow, a city with many literary and historical associations. Hindi is the most prevalent of India’s fourteen official languages, being the native tongue of almost 40% of the population. Hindi is the native language of much of north and central India, but it is taught on a nationwide basis and understood almost everywhere. It is the official language of all government business, broadcasting and notices in the part of India visited by tourists and business people most often.
Hindi is written in a syllabic script called Devanagari from left to right, as is English. The script is based on an ancient classical language, Sanskrit, as are the technical and literary words in pure Hindi.
There is a very closely related North Indian language called Urdu, which is spoken by Indian Muslims, educated, upper class North Indians and is the official language of Pakistan. Urdu is written from right to left in a script derived from the Arabic and Persian alphabets, and these two languages are the source of its learned vocabulary.
The grammar, everyday vocabulary and language of Hindi and Urdu are for all practical purposes identical. Therefore, this book is designed to facilitate oral communication with a large majority of the inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent. With almost 300 million native speakers of Hindi/Urdu (sometimes referred as Hindustani) and many millions more who use Hindi as a secondary language, Say It in Hindi will enable you to reach more people than any other language in the world with the exception of Chinese.
NOTES ON THE USE OF THIS BOOK
This book is divided into sections which cover the various situations and topics encountered by the traveller. While the entries in most sections of this book follow English alphabetical order, the list of Indian food specialties is alphabetized according to the Hindi words to allow for easy reference and quick recognition in restaurants.
An index is provided at the end of the book which forms an instant English-Hindi glossary. It can refer the user to the necessary consecutively numbered entry immediately.
It is not the purpose of the present book to explain the points of Hindi grammar. But it is impossible to write a Hindi phrasebook which is of wide practical application without taking several major features of the Hindi language into account.
Nouns in Hindi are either masculine or feminine. The verb and adjective endings agree in gender with the grammatical subject of the sentence. We have indicated, wherever necessary, both the masculine and feminine verb forms thusly:
I want to see [your superior].
[aap ké afsar] sé milnaa [chaahataa (M.)]
.
In the above sentence, the (M.) indicates that the verb form which precedes it in brackets should be used along with a masculine subject, while the one followed by (F.) should be used for a feminine subject. In this case, the subject is identical with the speaker and the form would be determined by the sex of the speaker.
Adjectives also alternate in the same manner. This book has been designed so that if the format of the phrases and substitutions is followed, the agreement of adjectives with the nouns will automatically be correct. Inanimate nouns, which can be either masculine or feminine, have also been provided with proper verb and adjective forms in the context of the sentences. For variant forms of nouns, verbs and adjectives, consult the index.
The material in this book has been selected chiefly to teach you many essential phrases, sentences and questions for travel. It will serve as a direct and interesting introduction to the spoken language if you are beginning your study. The sentences will be useful to you whether or not you go on to further study. With the aid of a dictionary, many sentence patterns included here will answer innumerable needs, for example: She has lost [her handbag].
The brackets indicate that substitutions can be made for these words with the use of a bilingual dictionary. In other sentences, for the words in square brackets you can substitute the words immediately following (in the same sentence or in the indented entries below it). For example, the entry
Turn [left] [right] at the next corner.
provides two sentences: Turn left at the next corner
and Turn right at the next corner.
Three sentences are provided by the entry
Give me a seat [on the aisle].
—by a window.
—by the emergency exit.
As your Hindi vocabulary grows, you will find that you can express an increasingly wide range of thoughts by the proper substitution of words in these model sentences.
Please note that whereas brackets always indicate the possibility of substitutions, parentheses have been used to indicate synonyms or alternative usage for an entry, such as:
How are you (OR: How do you do)?
The alternate usage is preceded by (OR: ).
Parentheses within brackets have been used to indicate different forms of the same verb which vary according to gender (as described above). Different forms of nouns for male and female