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    Dart Cookbook
    Dart Cookbook
    Dart Cookbook
    Ebook869 pages5 hours

    Dart Cookbook

    By Ivo Balbaert

    ()

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    About this ebook

    Dart is a new open source programming language for the Web, developed at Google, with a steadily growing community. It is a single language for both client and server, and is apt for the complete range of devices on the Web, including phones, tablets, laptops, and servers. Stop solving new challenges with the same old tools—let Dart show you a new, simpler, and more unified way, which makes use of the same language for both client and server.

    This book is a pragmatic guide that will increase your expertise in writing all kinds of applications, including web apps, scripts, and server-side apps. It provides rich insights on how to extend your Dart programming skills.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherPackt Publishing
    Release dateOct 24, 2014
    ISBN9781783989638
    Dart Cookbook
    Author

    Ivo Balbaert

    Ivo Balbaert is a programming teacher and Crystal enthusiast. He has a Ph.D. in Applied Physics and has worked for 25 years in the software industry as a developer and project manager in several companies. Now he combines teaching and consultancy with technical writing. He is particularly interested in elegant emerging languages for concurrency and distributed processing.

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      Book preview

      Dart Cookbook - Ivo Balbaert

      Table of Contents

      Dart Cookbook

      Credits

      About the Author

      About the Reviewers

      www.PacktPub.com

      Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more

      Why Subscribe?

      Free Access for Packt account holders

      Preface

      What this book covers

      What you need for this book

      Who this book is for

      Conventions

      Reader feedback

      Customer support

      Downloading the example code

      Errata

      Piracy

      Questions

      1. Working with Dart Tools

      Introduction

      Configuring the Dart environment

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Setting up the checked and production modes

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Rapid Dart Editor troubleshooting

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Hosting your own private pub mirror

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Using Sublime Text 2 as an IDE

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Compiling your app to JavaScript

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Producing more readable JavaScript code

      Producing a single Dart file

      See also

      Debugging your app in JavaScript for Chrome

      How to do it…

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Debugging your app in JavaScript for Firefox

      Using the command-line tools

      How to do it...

      See also

      Solving problems when pub get fails

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Shrinking the size of your app

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      More Information Section 1

      See also

      Making a system call

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Using snapshotting

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Getting information from the operating system

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      2. Structuring, Testing, and Deploying an Application

      Introduction

      Exiting from an app

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Parsing command-line arguments

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Structuring an application

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using a library from within your app

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Microtesting your code with assert

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Unit testing a Polymer web app

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Adding logging to your app

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Documenting your app

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Profiling and benchmarking your app

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Publishing and deploying your app

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using different settings in the checked and production modes

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      3. Working with Data Types

      Introduction

      Concatenating strings

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using regular expressions

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Strings and Unicode

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using complex numbers

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Creating an enum

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Flattening a list

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Generating a random number within a range

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Getting a random element from a list

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Working with dates and times

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Improving performance in numerical computations

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Working with JavaScript

      Parsing numbers

      See also

      Using SIMD for enhanced performance

      How to do it…

      How it works...

      See also

      4. Object Orientation

      Introduction

      Testing and converting types

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Comparing two objects

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using a factory constructor

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Building a singleton

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Using reflection

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using mixins

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using annotations

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using the call method

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using noSuchMethod

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Making toJSON and fromJSON methods in your class

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Creating common classes for client and server apps

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      5. Handling Web Applications

      Introduction

      Responsive design

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Sanitizing HTML

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Using a browser's local storage

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using application cache to work offline

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Preventing an onSubmit event from reloading the page

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Dynamically inserting rows in an HTML table

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also...

      Using CORS headers

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using keyboard events

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Enabling drag-and-drop

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Enabling touch events

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Creating a Chrome app

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Structuring a game project

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using WebGL in your app

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Authorizing OAuth2 to Google services

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Talking with JavaScript

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using JavaScript libraries

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      6. Working with Files and Streams

      Introduction

      Reading and processing a file line by line

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Writing to a file

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Searching in a file

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Concatenating files

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Downloading a file

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using pipe

      Using the http package

      See also

      Working with blobs

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Transforming streams

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      7. Working with Web Servers

      Introduction

      Creating a web server

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There is more...

      Posting JSON-formatted data

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Receiving data on the web server

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Writing data to a file on the server

      See also

      Serving files with http_server

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using sockets

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using WebSockets

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using secure sockets and servers

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using a JSON web service

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      8. Working with Futures, Tasks, and Isolates

      Introduction

      Writing a game loop

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Error handling with Futures

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Scheduling tasks using Futures

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Running a recurring function

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using isolates in the Dart VM

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using isolates in web apps

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using multiple cores with isolates

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Using the Worker Task framework

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      See also

      9. Working with Databases

      Introduction

      Storing data locally with IndexedDB

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using Lawndart to write offline web apps

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Storing data in MySQL

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Storing data in PostgreSQL

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Storing data in Oracle

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Storing data in MongoDB

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Storing data in RethinkDB

      Getting ready

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      10. Polymer Dart Recipes

      Introduction

      Data binding with polymer.dart

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more…

      Binding and repeating over a list

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Binding to a map

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Using custom attributes and template conditionals

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Binding to an input text field or a text area

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Binding to a checkbox

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Binding to radio buttons

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Binding to a selected field

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Event handling

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Polymer elements with JavaScript interop

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Extending DOM elements

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Working with custom elements

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Automatic node finding

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Internationalizing a Polymer app

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      11. Working with Angular Dart

      Introduction

      Setting up an Angular app

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using a controller

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      Using a component

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      There's more...

      See also

      Using formatters as filters

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Creating a view

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      Using a service

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Deploying your app

      How to do it...

      How it works...

      See also

      Index

      Dart Cookbook

      Dart Cookbook

      Copyright © 2014 Packt Publishing

      All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

      Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

      Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

      First published: October 2014

      Production reference: 1171014

      Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

      Livery Place

      35 Livery Street

      Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

      ISBN 978-1-78398-962-1

      www.packtpub.com

      Credits

      Author

      Ivo Balbaert

      Reviewers

      Sergey Akopkokhyants

      Claudio d'Angelis

      Joris Hermans

      Acquisition Editor

      Sam Wood

      Content Development Editor

      Azharuddin Sheikh

      Technical Editor

      Anand Singh

      Copy Editors

      Sarang Chari

      Adithi Shetty

      Project Coordinator

      Kinjal Bari

      Proofreaders

      Simran Bhogal

      Maria Gould

      Ameesha Green

      Indexer

      Monica Ajmera Mehta

      Production Coordinator

      Alwin Roy

      Cover Work

      Alwin Roy

      About the Author

      Ivo Balbaert is currently a lecturer in (Web) Programming and Databases at CVO Antwerpen (www.cvoantwerpen.be), a community college in Belgium. He received a PhD in Applied Physics from the University of Antwerp in 1986. He worked for 20 years in the software industry as a developer and consultant for several companies, and for 10 years as a project manager at the Antwerp University Hospital. In 2000, he switched to partly teaching and partly developing software (KHM Mechelen, CVO Antwerp).

      Ivo also wrote an introductory book in Dutch about developing in Ruby and Rails called Programmeren met Ruby en Rails, Van Duuren Media, 2009. In 2012, he authored a book on the Go programming language called The Way To Go, iUniverse. Last year, in collaboration with Dzenan Ridzanovic, he also wrote Learning Dart, Packt Publishing.

      I would like to thank my wife, Christiane, for her support and patience during the development of this book.

      About the Reviewers

      Sergey Akopkokhyants is a software architect with more than 20 years of professional experience in designing and developing client- and server-side applications. He is also a certified Java developer and project manager. He has general knowledge of many tools, languages, and platforms. For the last 5 years, he has been responsible for customizing and producing web-oriented applications for wholesale business management solutions projects; he has been doing this for several worldwide mobile communication companies. Sergey's responsibilities include architecture design and guidance of client software development using Flex, ActionScript, HTML, JavaScript, and client-server integration with Java. He is also the founder of and an active contributor to several open source projects on GitHub, including the Dart Web Toolkit (DWT) and Angular Dart UI. He is passionate about web design and development and likes sharing his expertise with others, helping them to increase their skills and productivity. Also, he was one of the reviewers of Learning Dart, Packt Publishing.

      Claudio d'Angelis is an Italian programmer with 10 years of experience in document digitization, web development, and Linux administration. As an early adopter of Dart, he continues to contribute to the community. His contributions include writing articles, open source projects, speaking at conferences, and presenting episodes on Google Developers Live.

      Joris Hermans is a web developer enthusiast who works for Truvo, an online directory company. He is also the proud owner of lots of Dart packages, a real-time dart framework named force, a search engine named Bounty Hunter, a persistent abstraction layer named cargo, a dependency injection for Dart called wired, and so on. He also likes to speak about the Web and Dart, so it is possible that you will meet him at a conference.

      www.PacktPub.com

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      Preface

      Dart is the new open source programming language for the Web, developed by Google with a steadily growing popularity; it is a single language for both the client and server, which is appropriate for a full range of devices on the Web—including phones, tablets, laptops, and servers. It encompasses the lessons of the last two decades of web programming. This book provides you with a broad range of step-by-step recipes that will increase your expertise in writing all kinds of Dart applications, including web apps, scripts, and server-side apps. It can be used as a companion to Learning Dart, Dzenan Ridzanovic and Ivo Balbaert, Packt Publishing.

      What this book covers

      Chapter 1, Working with Dart Tools, talks about increasing your mastery of the Dart tools and platform. We discuss some of the more advanced and hidden features of the Dart Editor, such as configuration, compilation to JavaScript, and the pub package manager. When relevant, we also take a look at how to perform tasks with command-line tools.

      Chapter 2, Structuring, Testing, and Deploying an Application, focuses mainly on all the different tasks in the life cycle of your project that make it more professional, helping you save a lot of time during the maintenance phase. This includes structuring the project and installing a logging tool in it and then testing, documenting, profiling, and publishing it.

      Chapter 3, Working with Data Types, is about working with the different data types Dart has to offer. We will talk about the basic data types as well as strings, random numbers, complex numbers, dates and times, enums, and lists. Along the way, we will cover many tricks that will help you out in specific circumstances.

      Chapter 4, Object Orientation, delves deeper into the object-oriented nature of Dart to find some new techniques and insights that will help us to be more productive in building our apps.

      Chapter 5, Handling Web Applications, covers a wide range of web-related topics dealing with safety, browser storage, caching, event handling, WebGL, and of course, Dart working together with JavaScript.

      Chapter 6, Working with Files and Streams, shows you how to work with files in different circumstances, both in synchronous and asynchronous ways. We will delve into the code to download a file both on a web and server clients, with blobs as a special case. We also discuss how transforming a stream works.

      Chapter 7, Working with Web Servers, looks at how you can write full-fledged and performant web servers in Dart, more specifically how to receive data on the server, how to serve files, and how to deploy a web service. Sockets and their secure variants, as well as web sockets, are also discussed.

      Chapter 8, Working with Futures, Tasks, and Isolates, concentrates on the asynchronous tools in Dart to write elegant code in future and combine their possibilities with the execution of tasks and isolates to enhance the concurrency of our apps.

      Chapter 9, Working with Databases, explains how to store data in databases, on the client or server or both. On the client side, we look at IndexedDB and the Lawndart data manager. Then, we investigate how to store data on the server in SQL as well as NoSQL database systems.

      Chapter 10, Polymer Dart Recipes, shows how to use Polymer to modularize the way a web client interface is built by using web components that encapsulate structure, style, and behavior. The structure and style come from a combination of HTML5 and CSS with special extensions that enable two-way data binding. Behavior is described by code contained in a class that hooks up with the component.

      Chapter 11, Working with Angular Dart, covers how Angular makes it possible to write web-based apps with Model-View-Controller (MVC) capabilities in order to make both development and testing easier. The templating system is discussed along with controllers, components, views, formatters, and services.

      What you need for this book

      To work with this book's code, you need the Dart SDK and Dart Editor, which you can download from www.dartlang.org. Simply unzip the downloaded file and you are good to go. Because Dart Editor is based on Eclipse, you also need a Java Runtime (http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jre8-downloads-2133155.html). Choose the appropriate version for your system (32-bit or 64-bit); after the download, double-click on the .exe file to install it.

      Who this book is for

      If you want to become a better Dart developer and get insights and tips on how to put that knowledge into practice, then this book is for you. Because Dart runs on both clients and servers, web, mobile, and server-side developers alike can benefit from these recipes. The book assumes you know the basics of Dart and have some Dart code. You should also have a basic knowledge of HTML and how web applications with browser clients and servers work.

      Conventions

      In this book, you will find a number of styles of text that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an explanation of their meaning.

      Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: In the checked mode, types are checked by calling assertions of the form assert (var1 is T), to control that var1 is of type T.

      A block of code is set as follows:

      main() {

        // running an external program process without interaction:

      Process.run('notepad', ['tst.txt']).then((ProcessResultrs){

      print(rs.exitCode);

      print(rs.stdout);

      print(rs.stderr);

        });

      }

      When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

      main() {

        // running an external program process without interaction:

      Process.run('notepad', ['tst.txt']).then((ProcessResultrs){

       

      print(rs.exitCode);

      print(rs.stdout);

      print(rs.stderr);

        });

      }

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