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    Operational Art In The Korean War: A Comparison Between General MacArthur And General Walker
    Operational Art In The Korean War: A Comparison Between General MacArthur And General Walker
    Operational Art In The Korean War: A Comparison Between General MacArthur And General Walker
    Ebook75 pages50 minutes

    Operational Art In The Korean War: A Comparison Between General MacArthur And General Walker

    By Major Remco van Ingen

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    This monograph addresses operational art during a specific period of the Korean War. Both General Walton Walker and General Douglas MacArthur developed operational approaches to unify Korea when the decision was made to cross the 38th parallel into North Korea. General MacArthur’s approach used two major ground commands, was more daring, but more complicated. General Walker, on the other hand suggested an approach under one unified ground commander, seemed more methodical, and less daring. Ultimately, General MacArthur’s approach was the one executed. The X Corps amphibious assault did not bring the anticipated result. The out loading of X Corps, in preparation for the assault took longer than anticipated and the enemy had mined the sea approaches to Wonsan. These two factors combined with an unsynchronized ground attack by I ROK Corps eliminated the chance of a successful envelopment.

    The monograph provides insight in the relationship between the commander’s personality, his previous operational experiences, and his preference for a particular type of operational approach.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherNormanby Press
    Release dateNov 6, 2015
    ISBN9781786253903
    Operational Art In The Korean War: A Comparison Between General MacArthur And General Walker

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      Book preview

      Operational Art In The Korean War - Major Remco van Ingen

      This edition is published by PICKLE PARTNERS PUBLISHING—www.picklepartnerspublishing.com

      To join our mailing list for new titles or for issues with our books – picklepublishing@gmail.com

      Or on Facebook

      Text originally published in 2013 under the same title.

      © Pickle Partners Publishing 2015, all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means, electrical, mechanical or otherwise without the written permission of the copyright holder.

      Publisher’s Note

      Although in most cases we have retained the Author’s original spelling and grammar to authentically reproduce the work of the Author and the original intent of such material, some additional notes and clarifications have been added for the modern reader’s benefit.

      We have also made every effort to include all maps and illustrations of the original edition the limitations of formatting do not allow of including larger maps, we will upload as many of these maps as possible.

      OPERATIONAL ART IN THE KOREAN WAR: A COMPARISON BETWEEN GENERAL MACARTHUR AND GENERAL WALKER

      by

      Major Remco van Ingen

      TABLE OF CONTENTS

      Contents

      TABLE OF CONTENTS 4

      ABSTRACT 5

      ACRONYMS 6

      ILLUSTRATIONS 7

      INTRODUCTION 8

      Synopsis of Operations Prior to Crossing 38th Parallel 9

      Focus of this Monograph 11

      Review of existing research 11

      FACTORS INFLUENCING THE OPERATIONAL APPROACHES 13

      General MacArthur 13

      General Walker 19

      OPERATIONAL ART 26

      Problem Statement and Center of Gravity 26

      General MacArthur’s Operational Approach 26

      General Walker’s Operational Approach 31

      CONCLUSION 36

      REQUEST FROM THE PUBLISHER 38

      BIBLIOGRAPHY 39

      ABSTRACT

      This monograph addresses operational art during a specific period of the Korean War. Both General Walton Walker and General Douglas MacArthur developed operational approaches to unify Korea when the decision was made to cross the 38th parallel into North Korea. General MacArthur’s approach used two major ground commands, was more daring, but more complicated. General Walker, on the other hand suggested an approach under one unified ground commander, seemed more methodical, and less daring. Ultimately, General MacArthur’s approach was the one executed. The X Corps amphibious assault did not bring the anticipated result. The out loading of X Corps, in preparation for the assault took longer than anticipated and the enemy had mined the sea approaches to Wonsan. These two factors combined with an unsynchronized ground attack by I ROK Corps eliminated the chance of a successful envelopment.

      The monograph provides insight in the relationship between the commander’s personality, his previous operational experiences, and his preference for a particular type of operational approach.

      ACRONYMS

      CINCUNC—Commander in Chief United Nations Command

      FEC—Far Eastern Command

      LOCs—Lines of Communications

      NKPA—North Korean—People’s Army

      ROK—Republic of Korea

      SWPA—South West Pacific Area

      UNC—United Nations Command

      UNSC—United Nations Security Council

      ILLUSTRATIONS

      Figure 1: Sketch of principle of Operational Approaches.

      INTRODUCTION

      In operational terms, Korea was a very important war, a bridge between the immense conventional battles of World War II, with their clear-cut sense of winning and losing, and the long twilight struggle that the United States had recently decided to undertake as a result of the Truman Doctrine. It was the first battle in the American war on communism; it would not be the last.—Robert M. Citino, Blitzkrieg to Desert Storm: The Evolution of Operational Warfare

      The U.S. military, in particular, went from disaster to decisive victory to disaster—all in the short space of five months.—Robert M. Citino, Blitzkrieg to Desert Storm: The Evolution of Operational Warfare"

      On June 25, 1950, the North Korean People’s Army (NKPA) attacked the Republic of Korea (ROK) by crossing the 38th parallel with 135,000 men.{1} The Soviet trained NKPA forces quickly overran ROK positions.{2} Unable to stem the tide, the South Korean President, Syngman Rhee requested support from the United States.{3} During a speech at the National Press Club on January 12, 1950, Secretary of State Dean Acheson, had not mentioned the ROK to be within the Defensive Perimeter in the Far East.{4} Even so, President Harry S. Truman and key members of his cabinet started discussing options to counter the communist aggression quickly after learning about the North Korean aggression. At a crisis meeting in the Blair House on June 26, 1950, President Truman made his initial decisions to support South Korea, in anticipation of a United Nations Security Council Resolution.{5} President Truman and the members of his National Security Council (NSC) assumed that Soviet communist expansionism incited the North Korean aggression. This view was in line with the conclusion of report NSC-68. The attack on South Korea formed the confirmation

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