The Sneeze, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
By Kenneth Kee
()
About this ebook
Sneezing, or sternutation, can be a strong, sudden, uncontrolled burst of air through the nose and mouth.
Sneezing is produced by an irritation to the nasal lining or the throat.
Normally, sneezing is caused by entry of dust or an allergen into the nose.
While sneezing is frequently irritating and loud, it is normally not dangerous.
The sneeze may happen as part of an allergic reaction or may result from an infection or illness.
Sneezing also happens from a direct stimulation of the nose such as by a nasal spray or touching of nasal mucosa, or from some other irritant or drug interaction.
Sneezing may also occur from vasomotor rhinitis.
Sneezing is triggered by irritants to the nose or throat.
Usually, this irritation comes from a physical or airborne irritant such as dust or allergens.
Sneezing may be sparked off by many infections:
1. Common cold (viral respiratory infection)
2. Influenza (flu)
3. Other respiratory tract infections
4. Sinusitis
Sneezing can be caused by:
1. Allergy to pollen, mold, dander, dust (hay fever)
2. Breathing in corticosteroids (from certain nose sprays)
3. Common cold or the flu
4. Drug withdrawal
5. Triggers such as strong emotions, air pollution, dust, dry air, spicy foods, certain medicines, and powders
Preventing exposure to the allergen is the best way to treat sneezing caused by allergies.
The allergen may be anything that produces an allergic reaction.
Methods to decrease the exposure:
1. Change furnace filters
2. Remove pets from the home to eliminate animal dander
3. Travel to places with low pollen counts
4. Air filters is used to decrease pollen in the air
5. Linens are washed in hot water (at least 130 degrees Fahrenheit) to kill dust mites
In some occasions, the patient may need to move out of a home with a mold spore problem.
The best management in patients with allergic rhinitis is to avoid the allergen.
Medical treatment, even immunotherapy when required, is used in patients who do not benefit from avoidance or environmental control.
Some patients may improve from adjunctive surgical treatment.
The treatment of common cold and influenza is symptomatic.
1. Decongestants, antipyretics, bed rest and higher fluid intake are advised.
2. Systemic antibiotics are given in patients who develop bacterial infections secondary to a viral infection while agent-specific antibiotic treatment is given in those who develop rhinitis due to specific bacteria.
It is important to diagnose the patient and start the treatment immediately, especially in fulminant fungal infections.
3. The first stage in the treatment of patients with NARES is to avoid irritant environmental conditions.
Medical treatment is needed in case the first stage does not succeed.
4. The success of steroids in early phases is lower in long-term administrations due to reduced steroid receptors on eosinophils.
Oral and topical decongestants may be given as an adjunct to steroid therapy.
Capsaicin, a substance isolated from chili pepper extract, has an initial stimulating effect on C receptors which become an inhibiting effect after repetitive application.
Antihistamines are of not useful and treatment of vasomotor rhinitis is palliative.
Oral and topical decongestants can be given.
Topical corticosteroids are not always useful.
Ipratropium bromide, which prevents the secretions from serous and seromucous glands reducing the cholinergic system, may be effective.
Antihistamines are not useful.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Sneeze
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis
Chapter 5 Treatment
Chapter 6 Prognosis
Chapter 7 Allergic Rhinitis
Chapter 8 Common Cold
Epilogue
Kenneth Kee
Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"
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The Sneeze, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee
The Sneeze,
A
Simple
Guide
To
The Condition,
Diagnosis,
Treatment
And
Related Conditions
By
Dr Kenneth Kee
M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)
Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)
Copyright Kenneth Kee 2015 Smashwords Edition
Published By Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com
Dedication
This book is dedicated
To my wife Dorothy
And my children
Carolyn, Grace
And Kelvin
This book describes the Sneeze, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions or in vernacular terms
(What You Need to treat Sneezing)
This eBook is licensed for the personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.
If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.
Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.
Introduction
I have been writing medical articles for my blog http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Condition) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.
My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.
Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).
I then wrote an autobiolographical account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.
This autobiolographical account A Family Doctor’s Tale
was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Conditions
into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale
on http://ken-med.com.
From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 590 amazon kindle books and some into Smashwords.com eBooks.
Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.
For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.
The later books go into more details of medical conditions.
The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.
Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.
As I tried to bring you the latest information about a condition or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.
Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.
I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.
I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.
I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.
Chapter 1
The Sneeze
The Sneeze from Wikipedia
A sneeze can push out air from nose at 100mph while a cough expels phlegm at 60mph.
The sneeze in my case is a sudden, sometimes loud often frightening my wife, forceful, uncontrolled burst of