American English Sounds and Sound Changes©: A Self-Help Tutorial for the Non-Native Speaker of American English and Speech Theraphy for American English
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About this ebook
SOUNDS , a textbook of a plurality of American English sounds that leads the reader through the ABCs detailing placement and feel of lips, tongue, and teeth; amount of air flow through the mouth or nose to make each sound; and a description of how the sound should look in the specifically sized and shaped provided mirror. The text describes diphthongs, vowels, and sound changes, lip positioning, air flow/amount, and its path as it passes from the lungs through the mouth or nose to create the desired sound. The text includes sensory tests for you to determine the correctness of a sound. The book is being used in Italy and Thailand to teach American English and being used in various school districts in Southern California as an aide for linguistic teachers, speech pathologists, and therapists working with children with impediments, and ESL adults.
Bob Kalinowski
Bob Kalinowski BA in English, Sociology & Classical Languages MA in English Completed class requirements for PhD in Humanities (too many problems). Publications Manager over forty people; writer in the Space and Electronics industry for over thirty years working with scientists and engineers from all over the world. Volunteered teaching American English to children and adults in LA inner city. Married for forty-four years with two children and nine grandchildren (two have speech problems.)
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American English Sounds and Sound Changes© - Bob Kalinowski
American English Sounds
and
Sound Changes©
A Self-help Tutorial for the Non-native Speaker
of American English
and Speech Theraphy for American English
Bob Kalinowski
iUniverse LLC
Bloomington
AMERICAN ENGLISH SOUNDSANDSOUND CHANGES©
A SELF-HELP TUTORIAL FOR THE NON-NATIVE SPEAKER OF AMERICAN ENGLISH AND SPEECH THERAPHY FOR AMERICAN ENGLISH
Copyright © 2014 Bob Kalinowski.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping or by any information storage retrieval system without the written permission of the publisher except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.
Bob Kalinowski
P.O. Box 484
Manhattan Beach, CA 90267-0484
iUniverse books may be ordered through booksellers or by contacting:
iUniverse LLC
1663 Liberty Drive
Bloomington, IN 47403
www.iuniverse.com
1-800-Authors (1-800-288-4677)
Because of the dynamic nature of the Internet, any web addresses or links contained in this book may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid. The views expressed in this work are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher, and the publisher hereby disclaims any responsibility for them.
ISBN: 978-1-4917-2777-5 (sc)
ISBN: 978-1-4917-2778-2 (e)
U.S. Patent Pending
Library of Congress Control # 2012397399
iUniverse rev. date: 03/19/2014
CONTENTS
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Conventions Used In This Book:
History
American English Sounds And Sound Changes©
Introduction To American English Sounds
The A
The B
The C
The D
The E
The F
The G
The H
The I
The J
The K
The L
The M
The N
The O
The P
The Q
The R
The S
The T
The U
The V
The W
The X
The Y
The Z
FOREWORD
This textbook was prepared from classroom notes I used to teach American English to Mexican adult students in Watts, California, coupled with over 30 year’s experience as a technical writer working with and teaching Asian engineers to speak and write English as a second language. Please note that I reference a textbook titled American English in its Cultural Setting by Lloyd and Warfel. In this referenced book, the authors have a comprehensive listing of sounds in the American English language. It is an educational/technical explanation of how each sound was developed. They have an especially good and thorough discussion on diphthongs. I used my classroom notes that were based on the Lloyd and Warfel textbook whenever I discussed diphthongs in my book of American English Sounds and Sound Changes©. I have never met the authors (Donald J. Lloyd of Wayne University and Harry R. Warfel of the University of Florida). Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. published the Lloyd and Warfel textbook in New York in 1962 as a BORZOI BOOK.
This textbook you are holding in your hands has been developed to teach language using the four methods by which we learn:
1. hearing,
2. saying,
3. seeing, and
4. reading, and
5. introducing a fifth—feeling the sounds.
There are 26 lessons in this textbook: one for each letter of the English alphabet, but not one for each sound. Some letters will only have one sound; others, many. Also included with this textbook is a small mirror located inside the back cover. The mirror is best used in a horizontal position so that you can only see your mouth and thus are not distracted by other parts of your face.
Parts of the mouth are identified on page xi that will be referred to throughout the practice lessons. Put a tab on that page xi for your easy reference.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
A special thanks to Liz, my wife, for her encouragement and to Wally, my brother for his help with the various sounds used through his background in Spanish and French. Thanks also to Len Diamond, a co-worker and friend at Boeing, and Judy Miller, a friend, both helped with editing and proofing the text. Thanks to Jill Marshall, my daughter, for her computer help.
Thanks to Dr. Benice Lindo for her research and documentation on language.
Thanks also to my four grandsons. I practiced with them showing them how to make the various sounds: thank you Bobby Lee Marquez, Andrew Joseph Kalinowski, Hunter Joseph Marquez, and Kyle Robert Marshall. Thanks to Laura Heredia, my daughter, for the artwork in this book and to my sister-in-law CeCe Zellmer a professional artist for the cover design.
Thanks to Rick McDonald, Ron Ulbrich, Al Herman, and Fred Dorweiler for their encouragement and help with the publishing tasks, copywriting, and suggestions for improvement, and to Scott Ulbrich for his patent help and patience with me.
Thanks to George Kammerer, Dan Means, and Krystol San for suggestions and help for a possible future edition of American English Sounds and Sound Changes ©. Thanks to I-Universe for putting up with me during the publishing tasks.
Refer to this picture as you use Sounds and Sound Changes©
Image22191.PNGCONVENTIONS USED IN THIS BOOK:
• When used under discussion, letters of the alphabet are shown in bold:
"The letter A has four sounds."
• Sounds are shown in quotes: