Quality in the Public Sector
By Jennifer Bean and Lascelles Hussey
()
About this ebook
This book is one of a series of books entitled “Essential Skills for the Public Sector”. It sets out ways in which those providing public sector services can clarify what is meant by quality and how quality can be achieved. It considers issues such as setting standards, measuring and monitoring quality and the cost versus the benefit of introducing quality systems. It is increasingly important that quality services are maintained whilst striving towards achieving value for money from public funds.
There are worked examples and practical exercises which allow the theory to be put into practice, encouraging self-development and continuous improvement. The style is simple, easy to read, and accessible to staff at all levels within an organisation. It is an essential addition to a manager’s toolkit of skills and knowledge.
Contents include:
•What is quality?
•Setting quality standards
•Measuring and monitoring quality
•Quality management
•Investing in quality
•Obtaining recognized quality standards
•Implementing quality
Jennifer Bean
Jennifer Bean is a highly experienced consultant with an excellent track record of working with non-profit and public sector organisations. She is a UK Chartered Accountants and holds a Masters in Business Administration. Her expertise is in taking business principles and best practice and applying them to public sector organisations in a practical way.
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Quality in the Public Sector - Jennifer Bean
Chapter 1
Introduction
Quality is a major issue for all organisations striving towards continuous improvement. Quality issues have become extremely important in the public sector, as governments around the world place increasing emphasis on the quality of outputs and outcomes from public services. Public sector managers are tasked with the responsibility of delivering high quality services, often within tight financial constraints, with the aim of achieving the best possible value for money.
The key questions facing managers with respect to quality are:
• How do we define it? (Particularly as some public sector services are intangible in nature.)
• How do we measure it?
• How do we monitor it? And
• How do we manage it?
These questions are complicated by the need to become more customer focused, as views on quality are not the sole domain of those delivering the service, but also those receiving it.
Quality in the Public Sector seeks to demystify many of the issues surrounding quality in public sector environments. It provides techniques for setting quality standards, measuring and monitoring quality and identifying the costs and benefits of implementing quality management. It also addresses some of the difficulties in trying to maintain or improve quality standards in a climate of constrained or shrinking financial resources.
It is increasingly common for public sector organisations to seek recognition for having a quality service, and there are a number of quality kite marks that can be achieved, some of which are covered in this book.
The principles described in the text are often illustrated with practical examples and can be applied to most public sector, and not-for-profit services. Self-development questions are given at the end of each chapter to allow the reader to consider how the techniques discussed can be applied to specific service areas within their organisation.
This book is one of a series of Essential Skills for the Public Sector
titles. The series aims to assist public sector managers become more efficient and effective in carrying out their important management responsibilities. We consider this book to be an important part of the tool kit for public sector management development.
Chapter 2
What is Quality?
Defining Quality
Quality is extremely important for the public sector and is a term that is used frequently with respect to public sector services. Quality is often used in the context of:
• Establishing value for money
• Setting quality thresholds for service provision
• Creating an image
• Public perception
• Service specification
Quality, by its very nature, is subjective and will mean different things to different people. It is also accepted that there are different levels of quality. Hence, defining quality in a general way is virtually impossible.
Despite the difficulties with definitions, there exist a number of standardised definitions of quality, some of which are given as follows:
Quality is conformance to requirements
Philip B Crosby - Quality is Free
Quality is always relative to a set of requirements
ISO 9000 principles
Quality is the degree of excellence
Concise Oxford English Dictionary
Many authors do not try to define quality, but treat quality as a concept which is interpreted by individuals and organisations with respect to different goods, services and objectives.
What is clear is that quality needs to be defined if it is to be understood in the same way by everybody. There are a variety of factors that influence the quality definition, and understanding these will help to ensure the most appropriate definition is developed for the organisation or service.
The types of factors which influence quality include:
a) The strategic objectives of the organisation with respect to service provision
b) The organisational value systems
c) Consumer attitudes and expectations
d) Employees attitudes and expectations
e) The market place
f) The communication methods being applied
These factors are explained further as follows:
Strategic objectives with respect to the provision of services
• The key purpose of the service needs to be established:
Long lasting
Investment
Life enhancement
Re-cycling
Prevention
Cure
Protection
Value added
Enforcement
Customer satisfaction
• There may be one or a combination of different service objectives that need to be achieved
Organisational value systems
• Usually represented by policies on issues such as:
Equality
Customer care
Health and safety
Environment
Sustainability
Profitability