Mistaketionary: how to avoid mistakes in English
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About this ebook
After the successful publication of the previous book explaining 101 mistakes in English, there is another sequel that will increase your awareness of correct English. This book presents another 100 common mistakes that are made by both beginners and advanced speakers. All expressions are arranged in alphabetical order as individual entries in a dictionary - hence the title 'MISTAKETIONARY'.
Each item contains an incorrect expression, and most of them come with the possible reason why the mistake occurs. The terms and expressions are then explained from the point of view of etymology (origin of words), phonetics (pronunciation), morphology (grammatical forms), or syntax (the structure of sentences).
Any of the 100 mistake items can be quickly and easily searched using the hamburger icon in any e-book reader application - it provides quick access to the alphabetical list of entries.
After reading this book, you will avoid making mistakes in English pronunciation as well as in many English phrases and expressions.
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Mistaketionary - Roman Thomas Sedlar
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abroad
Mistake - /əˈbrəʊd/
The adverb 'abroad' contains the cluster of letters that is similar to the word 'road' /rəʊd/. That is why the word 'abroad' is sometimes mispronounced as /əˈbrəʊd/. The correct pronunciation is /əˈbrɔːd/. The reason is the origin and etymology of 'abroad'. It comes from Middle English and it consists of two parts - a /ə/ + broad /brɔːd/.
The same pronunciation principle works for the word 'broad' /brɔːd/, which also has nothing to do with 'road' or its pronunciation.
Correct - /əˈbrɔːd/
actual
Mistake - Internet crime is an actual problem in many countries.
The adjective 'actual' doesn't mean 'at the present time', but it means 'real' or 'exact'. This word belongs to the group of words called false friends because it looks and sounds similar to a word in another language, but it differs significantly in meaning.
There are more words belonging to the same category of false friends, such as 'eventually' (= at the end), 'fantasy' (= a type of literature), or 'preservative' (= a chemical substance).
Correct - Internet crime is a current/present problem in many countries.
advice
Mistake - Here are some advices for lazy students.
The noun 'advice' is uncountable, so it is not used in the plural. If for some reason you want to express a specific number of recommendations, you can use the phrase 'pieces of advice', for example '10 pieces of advice that most people ignore'.
Correct - Here is some advice for lazy students.
advice vs. advise
Mistake - I’d advice him to book the hotel in advance.
There is a difference between 'advice' /ədˈvaɪs/ and 'advise' /ədˈvaɪz/. The difference is not only in pronunciation - an unvoiced consonant /..s/ in 'advice' and voiced /..z/ in 'advise', but also in meaning - 'advice' is an uncountable noun, while 'advise' is a verb. Similar principles are also applied to other nouns/verbs - 'practice/practise' and 'device/devise'.
Correct - I’d advise him to book the hotel in advance.
advise
Mistake - They advise that an ID card is carried with you at all times.
In English, we use the verb form (or mood) called subjunctive after the verb 'advise'. It is an abbreviated form of the clause '... an ID card should be carried ...', in which the modal 'should' can be omitted. Similar principles are applied to other verbs such as 'suggest, recommend, or insist'.
Correct - They advise that an ID card be carried with you at all