STRENGTH DESIGN FOR BEAMS Doubly Reinforced Beams (Whitneys Stress Block)

Balanced Steel Ratio: A beam that has a balanced steel ratio is one for which the tensile steel will theoretically start to yield and the compression concrete reach its ultimate strain at exactly the same load.

bal= [(0.85 1fc)/fy]*[600/(600+fy)]

Maximum Steel Ratio:

max= 0.75bal
Minimum Steel Ratio:

min= 1.4/fy
STEP 1... Compute for and

= Ast/bd = As/bd Compute for max

max = 0.75bal +
check if compression steel yields pcg = 0.85 1(fc/fy)(d/d)(600/[600-fy])+p if p > pcg compression steel yields

if p < pcg compression steel does not yield

STEP 2 CONDITION 1: if compression steel yields a= [(Ast-As)fy]/(0.85fcb) Mn1=Asfy(d-d) Mn2=(As-As)fy(d-[a/2]) Mn=Mn1 + Mn2 Mu=Mn ; =0.90 CONDITION 2: if compression steel does not yield assume a>d Asfy=0.85fcab + Asfs a= 1 c if a>d

f's=sEs fs/(c-d)=0.003/c fs=(600[c-d])/c if a<d fs=600MPa

Mn1=Asfs(d-d) Mn2=0.85 fcab(d-[a/2]) Mn=Mn1 + Mn2 Mu=Mn ; =0.90