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s
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Hint:
s
Shortest path is = abdf
Question 3.
a) A palindrome is a word that reads the same whether read from right to left
or from the left to right, the word ROTOR, for example. Let
n
a be the number of
words of length n, not necessarily meaningful, which are palindromes. We consider
a single letter as a palindrome.
i) What are
1
a and
2
a ?
ii) Set up a recurrence for
n
a .
iii) Check that
( )

'

,
_

,
_

2
26 1
) 1 (
2
26 1
26
n
n
n
a
Is the solution to the recurrence? (10 Marks)
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b) Show that a tree has at least 2 vertices of degree 1. (5
Marks)
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Case 2: v!= ui, for any i
v f u0,u1,.un a path of length (n+1)
There for T is not the longest path a contradiction.
There for our assumption d(u0) > 1 is wrong
There fore d(u0) = 1
Hence we have more vertex of degree 1
So, T has at least two vertex of degree 1.
c) Raghu goes to a grocery shop and purchases grocery for Rs. 23. He has 3 five rupee coins, 4 two rupee
coins and 6 one rupee coins. In how many ways can he pay the shop keeper? Find a solution using
generating functions.
(5 Marks)
Hint:
there are three 5 Rs coin = 15 Rs.
4 two rupee coins = 8 Rs.
6 one rupee coins = 6 Rs.
Total 11 coins and worth Rs. 29.00
The general function is [ x10 + x15 ] ( x2 + x4 + x6 + x8 )( x + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6)the coefficient of x23 in the above
equation will give the solution
X10 .x8 . x5. = x23
X 15 .x8 = x23
X15 .x4 . x4 = x23
X15 .x2 .x6 = x23
X15 .x6. x2 = x23
There for ther are five way to pay Rs. 23