CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION UPWARD MOVEMENT: FLOW OF IMFORMATION FROM LOWER LEVELS OF THE ORGANISATION TO THE TOP LEVEL.

TRANSFER OF IMFORMATION FOR THE SUBORDINATE TO THE SUPERIORS. IT INCLUDES JUDGEMENT, ESTIMATES, PROPOSITIONS, AND REPORTS ETC. ITS VERY IMP AS IT SERVES AS A RESPONSE ON THE SUCCESS OF DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION. IT KEEPS THE MANAGEMENT INFORMED ABT THE PROGRESS OF THE WORK AND TROUBLES FACED IN EXECUTION. ON THE STRENGTH OF UPWRD COMMUN THE MANAGEMENT AMENDS ITS PROGRAMMS AND STRATEGY. PURPOSE: CREATE COMMUNICATIOM RECEPTIVENESS. PRODUCE A SENSE OF BELONGING NESS THROUGH ACTIVE PARTICIPATION. TO ASSESS COMMUNICATION EFFICIENCY. TO BOOAST EMPLOYEE MORALL TO COORDINATE EFFORTS THE MAIN FUNCTION ID TO SUPPLY INF TO UPPER LEVEL ABT WHTS HAPPENING AT LOWER LEVELS. DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION: ALSO KNOWN AS TOP- DOWN APPROACH. THIS APPROACH IS USED BY TOP LEV MGM TO COOMUNI TO LOW LEVELS. IT IS USED TO IMPLIMENT POLICIES, GUIDELINES ETC. THE IMF IS PASSED IN A CHAIN. MAJOR PURPOSE IS TOO ADVICE, INFORM, DIRECT AD GIVE WORKERS INF ABT THE GOALS AND POLICIES. PROBLEMS OCCUR WHEN MANAGER DOESN'T TELL THE EMPLOYEES THE INF THEY NEED TO KNW AND TO CARE THE TASK EFFECTIVELY. GRAPEVINE IS A VERY USEFULL IN SUPPLIMENTING FORMAL CHANNELS. OT TRAVELS FASTER THAN NORMAL CHANNELS . IT IS PRESENT N EVERY ORGN AS WELL AS SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ESTABLISHMENTS. "IT IS THE INFORMAL TRANSMISSION OF IMF, GOSSIP OR RUMOURFROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER. IT MOVES IN THE ORGN IN EVERY MANNER. UPWARDS DOWNWARDS DIAGONALLY ETC. REASONS FOR GRAPE WINE : EXISTS IN ALL ORGN. USEFULL TO CARRY INF THROUGH D ORGN WITH GREAT SPEED. SUBORDI GET AN IDEA OF WHT DER BOSS IS WRESTLNG WID AND HELP WID SOME SUGGESTION. ITS FLEXIBLE AND PERSONNEL CAN SPREAD INF FASTER THAN FORMAL COMMUNCATION. FACTORS AFFECTING: GREATER HOMOGENITY THE BETTER IS D GRAPEWINE. RUMOURS PROSPER BEST WHER FORMAL COMMUNICATION IS POOR. BST IN INFORMAL SOCIAL CONTACTS BT CAN OPERATE EFFECTIVELY AS SIDELINE TO OFFICIAL MEETINGS. HOW DOES THE MESSAGE SPREAD THROUGH GRAPEWINE: 4 DIFFERENT CHAINS APPEAR TO DOMINATE THE NETWORK OF GRAPEWINE: THE SINGLE STAND CHAIN: SIMP CONCE TO FOLLOW, A TELLS B WHO TELLS C AND SOO ON. EACH PERSON PASSES IT TO ANOTHER AND D CHAIN MOVES ON. MOST IN ACCURACY OCCUR IN D CHAIN. THE GOSSIP CHAIN: A TELLS EVERY1 WHOM HE COMES ACROSS. THIS IS A SLOW PATTERN OF MOVING IMF.

PROBABLITY CHAIN: IN DIS CHAIN PPL MAKE RANDOM CONTACT THIS INF IS PASSED ACCORDING TO D LAWS OF PROPABILITY. IN THIS METHOD THERE IS NO DEFINITE PATTERN OF COMMINCATION. THE CLUSTER CHAIN: A TELS B AND F WHO WORK WID A AND DEY MAY GO AND TELL 3 MORE PPL AND GOES ON. MOST SIMMPLE AND SELECTIVE AND BASIC PATTERN. ROLL OF PARTICIPANTS: IT IS FOUND OUT THAT ONLI 10% IN AN ORGN ARE HIGHLY ACTIVE TYPES OF EMPLOYEES: BRIDGES OR KEY COMMUNICATORS: THE RECEIVE AND PASS INF T OTHERS. ONCE RESPONSIBLE FOR SUCCESS OF GRAPEWINE. BAGGERS OR DEAD ENDS: THEY HEAR RUMOURS BT DON'T PASS DEM. BEANER OR ISOLATERS:NOT PRIVY TO ANY INFO. THEY DO NOT HERE NOR DO THEY PASS AND HENCE THEY STAY OUTSIDE THE GRAPEWINE. POSITIVE ASPECTS OF GRAPEWINE: RELEASES MECHANSM OF STRESS GIVES EMPLOYEES AN OPERTUNITY TO COVERT COMPANIES POLICIES IN DER OWN LANGUAGE. ENABLES EMPLOYEES TO HAVE EMPATHY FOR THOSE WHO ARE EXPERIENCING STRESS. STRONGER THE BOND AMOUNG PPL GREATER TEAM SPIRIT. HELPS EMPLOYES TO REMAIN POSITVE AND EFFICIENT AND TO QUICKLY SPREAD THE NEWS OF DECIPLINARY ACTIONS. GOOD CONDUTOR OF HEALTH AND MORALS AND PRODUCTIVITY. ALSO MEANS WHICH MANAGERS CAN USE EFFICENTLY VIA DIFFERNET METHODS.

MANAGEMENTS RESPONSE TO GRAPEWINE: KEY THING TO REMMEBER THT GRAPEWINE WILL EXIST AND WILL ALWAYS DO NO MANAGER CAN STOP THT. TO IMPROVE EFFICENCY MANAGERS USE GRAPEWINE THROUGHOUT D FIRM MANAGERS HAVE BASICALLY 3 OPTIONS WHEN IT COMES TO GRAPEWINE: IGNORE THE GRPEWINE, ITS DIFFICULT BT CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED. PARTICIPATE ONLI WHEN THEY SERVE DER PURPOSE. BECOME AN ACTIVE FULL TYM MEMBER. LONGER D RUMOUR CIRCULATES MORE DIFFICULT TO CONTROLL IT. FACTS SHOULD BE REMOVED QUICKLY. IT CAN BE CONTROLLED WITH PROMPT AND CLEAR ACCURATE INFO.