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Syllabus Outline
1. Knowing computer: What is Computer, Basic Applications of Computer;
Components of Computer System, Central Processing Unit (CPU), VDU, Keyboard and
Mouse, Other input/output Devices, Computer Memory, Concepts of Hardware and
Software; Concept of Computing, Data and Information; Applications of IECT;
Connecting keyboard, mouse, Monitor and printer to CPU and checking power supply.
2. Operating Computer using GUI Based Operating System: What is an Operating
System; Basics of Popular Operating Systems; The User Interface, Using Mouse; using
right Button of the Mouse and Moving Icons on the screen, Use of Common Icons,
Status Bar, Using Menu and Menu-selection, Running an Application, Viewing of File,
Folders and Directories, Creating and Renaming of files and folders, Opening and
closing of different Windows; Using help; Creating Short cuts, Basics of O.S Setup;
Common utilities.
3. Understanding Word Processing: Word Processing Basics; Opening and Closing of
Documents; Text creation and Manipulation; Formatting of text; Table handling; Spell
check, language setting and thesaurus; Printing of word document.
4. Using Spread Sheet: Basics of Spreadsheet; Manipulation of cells; Formulas and
Functions; Editing of Spread Sheet, printing of Spread Sheet.
5. Communication using the Internet: Basic of Computer networks; LAN, WAN;
Concept of Internet; Applications of Internet; connecting to internet; What is ISP;
Knowing the Internet; Basics of internet connectivity related troubleshooting.
6. WWW and Web Browsers: World Wide Web; Web Browsing software, Search
Engines; Understanding URL; Domain name; IP Address; Using e-governance website.
7. Making Small Presentation: Basics of presentation software; Creating Presentation;
Preparation and Presentation of Slides; Slide Show; Taking printouts of presentation
handouts.
8. Social Networking: Introduction; How we can use social networking sites; Face
Book; Beginning of Face book, Face book Profile, Home Page, Face book use in
Commercial Sector, Upload Photo and video calling, You Tube; Search Video, How to
Upload Video, Orkut; Making orkut Profile, change Theme, Search, Add Friends, Use
Communities, Application, Twitter; Making ID, Blog; Introduction, use of blog,
Example of Blog, how to use blog, Advantage of blog, LinledIN, Making ID, Making
6

Profile and Groups, Advantages of Social Networking Websites; Installation of Audio

Visual Devices like Webcam and I/O Devices etc...,Instant Messing, Introduction, How
to use, Smart Phones, Android OS.

Duration: 36 Hours. Theory: 10 hrs + Practical: 22 hrs. + Tutorial: 04 hrs. This course
can also be
Offered as 06 days full time intensive course.

Sr.No

Name of Topics

Knowing computer

Operating Computer using GUI Based Operating System

Understanding Word Processing

Using Spread Sheet

Communication using the Internet

WWW and Web Browsers

Making Small Presentation

Social Networking

Theory

Practical

TOTAL HOURS

DETAILED SYLLABUS
1. KNOWING COMPUTER
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Objectives
1.2 What is Computer?
1.2.1 Basic Applications of Computer
1.3 Components of Computer System
1.3.1 Central Processing Unit
1.3.2 Keyboard, mouse and VDU
1.3.3 Other Input devices
1.3.4 Other Output devices
1.3.5 Computer Memory
1.4 Concept of Hardware and Software
1.4.1 Hardware
1.4.2 Software
1.4.2.1 Application Software
1.4.2.2 Systems software
1.5 Concept of computing, data and information
1.6 Applications of IECT
1.6.1 e-governance
1.6.2 Entertainment
1.7 Bringing computer to life
1.7.1 Connecting keyboard, mouse, monitor and printer to CPU
1.7.2 Checking power supply
1.8 Summary

2. OPERATING COMPUTER USING GUI BASED OPERATING

SYSTEM
2.0 Introduction
2.1 Objectives
2.2 Basics of Operating System
2.2.1 Operating system
2.2.2 Basics of popular operating system (LINUX, WINDOWS)
2.3 The User Interface
2.3.1 Task Bar
2.3.2 Icons
9

2.3.3 Menu
2.3.4 Running an Application
2.4 Operating System Simple Setting
2.4.1 Changing System Date and Time
2.4.2 Changing Display Properties
2.4.3 To Add or Remove A Windows Component
2.4.4 Changing Mouse Properties
2.4.5 Adding and removing Printers
2.5 File and Directory Management
2.5.1 Creating and renaming of files and directories
2.6Common utilities
2.7Summary

3. UNDERSTANDING WORD PROCESSING

3.0 Introduction
3.1 Objectives
3.2 Word Processing Basics
3.2.1 Opening Word Processing Package
3.2.2 Menu Bar
3.2.3 Using the Help
3.2.4 Using the Icons below Menu Bar
3.3 Opening and closing Documents
3.3.1 Opening Documents
3.3.2 Save and Save as
3.3.3 Page Setup
3.3.4 Print Preview
3.3.5 Printing of Documents
3.4 Text Creation and manipulation
3.4.1 Document Creation
3.4.2 Editing Text
3.4.3 Text Selection
3.4.4 Cut, Copy and Paste
3.4.5 Spell check
3.4.6 Thesaurus
3.5 Formatting the Text
3.5.1 Font and Size selection
3.5.2 Alignment of Text

10

3.5.3 Paragraph Indenting

3.5.4 Bullets and Numbering
3.5.5 Changing case
3.6 Table Manipulation
3.6.1 Draw Table
3.6.2 Changing cell width and height
3.6.3 Alignment of Text in cell
3.6.4 Delete / Insertion of row and column
3.6.5 Border and shading
3.7 Summary

4. USING SPREAD SHEET

4.0 Introduction
4.1 Objectives
4.2 Elements of Electronic Spread Sheet
4.2.1 Opening of Spread Sheet
4.2.2 Addressing of Cells
4.2.3 Printing of Spread Sheet
4.2.4 Saving Workbooks
4.3 Manipulation of Cells
4.3.1 Entering Text, Numbers and Dates
4.3.2 Creating Text, Number and Date Series
4.3.3 Editing Worksheet Data
4.3.4 Inserting and Deleting Rows, Column
4.3.5 Changing Cell Height and Width
4.4 Formulas and Function
4.4.1 Using Formulas
4.4.2 Function
4.5 Summary

5. COMMUNICATION USING THE INTERNET

5.0 Introduction
5.1 Objectives
5.2 Basic of Computer Networks
5.2.1 Local Area Network (LAN)
5.2.2 Wide Area Network (WAN)
5.3 Internet

11

5.3.1 Concept of Internet

5.3.2 Applications of Internet
5.3.3 Connecting to the Internet
5.3.4 Troubleshooting
5.4 Summary

6. WWW AND WEB BROWSER

6.0 Introduction
6.1 Objectives
6.2 World Wide Web (WWW)
6.3 Web Browsing Softwares
6.3.1 Popular Web Browsing Softwares
6.4 Search Engines
6.4.1 Popular Search Engines / Search for content
6.4.2 Accessing Web Browser
6.4.3 Using Favorites Folder
6.4.4 Downloading Web Pages
6.4.5 Printing Web Pages
6.5 Understanding URL
6.6 Surfing the web
6.6.1 Using e-governance website
6.7 Summary

7. MAKING SMALL PRESENTATIONS

7.0 Introduction
7.1 Objectives
7.2 Basics
7.2.1 Using PowerPoint
7.2.2 Opening a PowerPoint Presentation
7.2.3 Saving a Presentation
7.3 Creation of Presentation
7.3.1 Creating a Presentation Using a Template
7.3.2 Creating a Blank Presentation
7.3.3 Entering and Editing Text
7.3.4 Inserting and Deleting Slides in a Presentation
7.4 Preparation of Slides
7.4.1 Inserting Word Table or an Excel Worksheet

12

7.4.2 Adding Clip Art Pictures

7.4.3 Inserting Other Objects
7.4.4 Resizing and Scaling an Object
7.5 Presentation of Slides
7.5.1 Viewing a Presentation
7.5.2 Choosing a Set Up for Presentation
7.5.3 Printing Slides and Handouts
7.6 Slide Show
7.6.1 Running a Slide Show
7.6.2 Transition and Slide Timings
7.6.3 Automating a Slide Show
7.7 Summary

8. Social Networking
8.1 Introduction
8.2 How we can use social networking sites?
8.2.1 Face Book
8.2.1.1 Beginning of Face book
8.2.1.2 Signing up
8.2.1.3 Face book Profile
8.2.1.4 Home Page
8.2.1.5 Facebook use in Commercial Sector
8.2.1.4 Upload Photo and video calling
8.2.2 You Tube
8.2.2.1 Search Video
8.2.2.2 How to Upload Video
8.2.3 Orkut
8.2.3.1 Making Orkut Profile
8.2.3.2 Change Theme
8.2.3.3 Search
8.2.3.4 Add Friends
8.2.3.5 Use Communities
8.2.3.6 Application
8.2.4 Twitter
8.2.4.1 Making ID
8.2.4.2 Blog
8.2.4.2.1 Introduction
8.2.4.2.2 Use of Blog
13

8.2.4.2.3 Example of Blog

8.2.4.2.4 How to use Blog
8.2.4.2.5 Advantage of Blog
8.2.5 LinkedIn
8.2.5.1 Making ID
8.2.5.1 Make a Profile and Groups
8.3 Advantages of Social Networking Websites
8.4 Installation of Audio Visual Devices like Webcam and I/O devices etc
8.5 Instant Messing
8.5.1 Introduction (Yahoo, MSN, Rediffmail)
8.5.2 How to use?
8.6 Smart Phones (iPhone, Blackberry, Windows etc.)
8.6.1 Introduction
8.6.2 Features
8.6.3 Operating Systems (Android)
8.7 Summary

14

CHAPTER I
KNOWING COMPUTER
1.0 Introduction

||

|||

1.1 Objectives

1.2 What is Computer?

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15

1.2.1 Basic application of Computer

Word Processing
Internet
Digital video or audio composition
Desktop publishing
Computers in Medicine
Mathematical Calculations
Banks
Travel
Telecommunications
Defense
E-Learning
Gambling
Examinations

1.3 Components of Computer System

(1) Control Unit
(2) Output devices
(3) Memory unit
(4) Control unit

16

1.3.1 Central Processing Unit (CPU)

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1.3.2 Keyboard, Mouse and VDU

Keyboard

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VFJ[ K[P
(1) PS/2 (PERSONAL SYSTEM|2 )
(2) USB KEYBOARD ( UNIYERSAL SERIAL BUS )

17

 Mouse

Connector Round, Serial VG[ USB V[D A[ 5|SFZGF female connector J0[
DFp;G]\ l;:8D ;FY[ connection YFI K[P SMd%I]8Z DF\ DFp; ( MOUSE) 5M.l8\U 0LJF.; (POINTING
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JT"DFG ;DIDF\ VM%8LS, DFp;4 :S|M, DFp;4 I]V[;AL (USB) DFp; JU[Z[ HFTGF SMd%I]8Z DFp; HMJF D/[ K[P

VDU (Visual Display Unit)

CRT Monitor

LCD Monitor

Monitor Visual Display Unit K[P\

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18

1.3.3 Other Input devices

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VFJ[ K[P Input Device S[8,FS GLR[ D]HA K[P

Pointing Devices

Joystick

Touchpad

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K[P DFp; A48R5[048R:S|LG 48|[SAM, 4HMI:8LS JU[Z[SMd%I]8Z GF 5M.g8L\U p5SZ6M K[P

Scanners

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;[S8ZDF\ R[S 5Z ,B[, V[SFpg8 G\AZG[ JF\RJF DF8[
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19

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Optical Bar Code Reader

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1.3.4 Other Output Devices

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device SC[ K[P

1. Printer
25 pin JF/F serial connecter NJFZF printer G[SMd%I]8Z ;FY[ HM0JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P T[DH
USB connecter GM p5IMU SZLG[ 56 l5|g8Z connect YFI K[P

2. Monitor
15 pin JF/F VGA serial connecter YL monitor G[SMd%I]8Z ;FY[ connect SZL XSFI K[P

20

3. Projector
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1.3.5 Computer Memory

Memory G[ Main Memory VYJF Primary Memory 56 SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[[P VF
D[DZLDF\ DFlCTLGM ;\U|C SZL H~Z 50[ tIFZ[ 5FKL VF5[ K[P VF D[DZL Electronic Component GL
AG[,L CMJFYL DM\WL CMI K[P VF D[DZL Volatile K[ V[8,[ S[ Computer A\W SZTF VF D[DZLDF\ ZC[,
data VYJF TM .g:8=SXGGM GFX YFI K[P VF Memory DF\ Process SZJFGF Y. UI[,F data Out
Put DF8[GF data, CPU GF AFSLGF Unit G[ VF5JFGL ;}RGF RF,] 5|lS|IFG[ VF5JFGM ;\U|C YFI K[PZ:8Z
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RAM

HARD DISK

1.4 Concept of Hardware and Software

FLOPPY DISK

1.4 Concept of Hardware and Software

1.4.1 Hardware
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BOARD ) 4DFp; (MOUSE) 4l5|g8Z (PRINTER)4DMGL8Z sMONITER)
4 :5LSZ
(SPEAKER),VF AWFG[ HARDWARE DEVICESsCF0"J[Z l0JF.;L;f SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VG[
21

VF56[ H[ DXLGG[ :5X" SZL XSLV[ KLV[ T[G[ PERIPHERAL DEVICES 5[ZLO[Z, l0JF.;L; f
SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

1.4.2 Software
SMd%I]8ZGL ;]RGFVM S[ H[GL DNNYL 5|MUFD AG[ K[ T[JF 5|MUFDGF ;D}CG[ ;MO8J[Z SC[ K[P;MO8J[Z
S[ 5|MUFD lJlXQ8 5|SFZGF SFD SZJFDF\ DNN SZ[ K[P5+M ,BJF4 E\0M/G] ;\RF,G SZJF4 lR+M NMZJF VG[ ALH]\
36] AW] SZJF TD[ ;MO8J[ZGM p5IMU SZL XSM KMP
SMd%I]8Z ;MO8J[ZGF D]bI A[ 5|SFZ K[P
(1) Application software
(2) System software

1.4.2.1 Application software

V[l%,S[XG ;MO8J[Z BF; 5|SFZGL H~lZIFT DF8[ AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[D S[ PAYROLL
PROCESSING ,INVENTORY CONTROL VG[ WORD PROCESSING JU[Z[
H[JF V[l%,S[XG ;MO8J[Z USER GL BF; H~lZIFTG[ wIFGDF\ ,.G[ AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

1.4.2.2 System software

!P VM5Z[l8\U

1.5 Concept of computing, data and information

Data collection Numbers, words,
measurements, observations 28, 52, 65, KUMAR VIJAY,RAJ
Data
Computer CPU, RAM integrated circuit
(ic)Two-way
switch
set
operating statesOnOff
22

on 1 ValueSwitch off
SZJFDF
VFJ[
0Value0
1
values

Electrical voltage
Electrical voltage States Levels High low

Refer High voltage 1 Value

BITS BYTES:Binary digitBITBIT o 1
Values
BIT
BITS
BYTE
process bite characterdata
decimaldigit
symbolcomputerMemoryBITE retrieve

computer data Representation

1 byte = 8 bits ()
1 kilobyte = 1024 bytes ()
1 megabyte = 1024 kilobytes ()
1 gigabyte = 1024 Terabytes ()

Information ():
Information Process

Computing:Data meaningful information H[G[ Computing

Computer data process events

(1)Inputdeviceprogramdatacomputersystem
main memoryAccess
23

(2)CPUmainMemory Instruction G[ instruction

decode operation determine
(3) CPU Main memory data G[
(4)CPUInstructionoperationS
Instruction perform CPU temporary
(5)program Instruction Run PROCESScycle
CPU decode Instruction execute
main memory out put device
printer

1.6 Applications of IECT

IECT manpower
1.6.1 e-governance
VFV[SIECTApplication
E-governance
system

Stand
alone
system
network

1.6.2 Entertainment
multimediaSECTOR
IECTmultimedia
multimedia

encyclopediadirectoryebooknewspapermultimedia
multimedia

24

Multimedia

1.7 Bringing computer to life

1.7.1 Connecting keyboard, mouse, monitor and printer to CPU
Connecting Mouse:MOUSE
PS/2 MOUSE

SERIAL MOUSE

USB MOUSE

25

Connecting Keyboard:Keyboard G]\

PS/2 keyboard

USB keyboard

Connecting Monitor:Monitor G\] Video Port

VGA PORT 15 FEMALE PIN

Connecting Printer:PRINTER
PARALLEL PORT
26

USB PORT

1.7.2 Checking power supply

Computer SMPS (switch mode
power supply) SMPS AC DC Volt
DC
Voltage
OUT
PUT
ComputerFan

1.8 Summary
Input Device UserINPUT
ComputerBanking,EGovernance,

27

CHAPTER II
OPERATING COMPUTER USING GUI BASED
OPERATING SYSTEM
2.0 Introduction
SMd%I]8Z V[S DXLG K[ VG[ SMd%I]8ZGL DNNYL 36F AWF SFIM" SZL XSFI K[P5Z\T] SMd%I]8Z DXLGG[ RF,]
SZJF DF8[ V[8,[ S[ SFD SZJF DF8[ ;1FD AGFJJF DF8[ ;F{ 5|YD T[DF\ Operating System CMJL H~ZL K[P
Operating System GL DNNYL DXLG VG[ DF6; JrR[ ;]D[/ H/JF. ZC[ K[ VG[ T[YL VF A\G[G[ HM0TL S0L ~5[
Operating System SMd%I]8ZDF\ G CMI TM 56 SMd%I]8Z GJ]\ CMJF KTF\ 56 T[ RF,] YX[ GlCP V[8,[ S[ 8}\SDF\
SMd%I]8Z RF,] SZJF DF8[GL 5|YD XZT V[ K[ S[ T[DF\ Operating System CMJL H~ZL K[P

2.1 Objectives
0LOF.G VM5Z[8LU l;:8D
VM5Z[8LU l;:8DGF H]NF H]NF p5IMUM
lJg0Mh VM5Z[8LU l;:8DDF\ OF., VG[ OM<0Z D[G[HD[g8 SZJ]\

2.2 Basics of operating system

SMd%I]8Z V[S H8L, DXLG K[P VF H8L, DXLG ;FY[ DF6;[ SFD ,[JFG]\ CMI K[P VF DXLG VG[ DF6; JrR[
;]D[/ H/JF. ZC[ T[ DF8[ VF A\G[G[ HM0TL V[S S0LGL H~Z 50[ K[4H[ Operating system 5}ZL SZ[ K[P
Operating system V[ DF6; VG[ Computer GL JrR[ N]EFlQFIFG]\ SFD SZ[ K[P

2.2.1 Operating System

Operating system VF56F SDFg0 G[ SMd%I]8Z ;]WL 5CMRF0JFG]\ SFI" SZ[ K[P Operating
system V[S SZTF JW] SFIM" V[S ;FY[ SZ[ K[P 8}\SDF\ SCM TM Operating system PC s5;"G, SMd%I]8Zf
G[ SFI" SZJF DF8[ ;1FD AGFJ[ K[P Operating System Computer GF CF0"J[Z sDMGL8Z4
SLvAM0"4l5|g8Z4DFp; JU[Z[ f G]\ lGI\+6 SZ[ K[P

28

2.2.2 Basics of popular Operating System ( Dos ,Windows )

DOS V[ Character User Interface [CUI] K[P V[8,[ S[DOS DF\ SM.56 SFI" SZJF DF8[
SDFg0 IFN ZFBJF VG[ 8F.5 SZJF H~ZL K[P HIFZ[ Windows V[Graphical User Interface [GUI]
K[PH[YL SDFg0 IFN ZFBJFGL S[ 8F.5 SZJFGL H~Z GYLP Windows DF\ SM. 56 SFI" Graphical
symbol S[ Menu GL DNNYL Y. XS[ K[P
DOS DF\ V[S application RF,] ZFBLG[ ALHL application DF\ SFI" SZL XSFT]\ GYLP V[8,[ S[
T[ Multi Tasking GYLP HIFZ[[ WindowsvXP DF\ V[S ;FY[ 36L AWL application DF\ SFI" SZL XSFI
K[P V[8,[ S[ Multi Tasking KP
Examples of Operating System
Dos Disk Operating System

Windows ME

Windows 95

Windows NT

Window 98

Unix

Windows 2000

Linux

2.3 The user interface

Winv XP V[ GUI [Graphical User Interface] K[P Winv XP DF\ SLvAM0" J0[ SDFg0 8F.5 SZJFGL
S[ ,F\AF SDFg0 IFN ZFBJFGL TS,LO 50TL GYLP DFp; J0[ OST U|FlOS; l;dAM, S[ D[G] 5Z lS,S SZL NZ[S SDFg0GM
p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P

2.3.1 Task Bar

Desktop DF\ ;F{YL GLR[ VFJ[,L VF0L
,F.GG[ Taskbar SC[ K[P H[DF\ 0FAL AFH] Start
button VG[ HD6L AFH] Current Date VG[
Time HM. XSFI K[PSM. 56 Program Open
SZTF T[G] GFD Taskbar DF\ HM. XSFI K[P

Taskbar

29

2.3.2 Icons
Icon V[8,[ SM. 56 Group Program Open SZJF DF8[GM graphical symbol VF Icons
SM. RMSS; V[%,LS[XG 5|MU|FD ;FY[ SDFg0 ~5[ ;\S/FI[,M CMI K[P H[ T[ symbol 5Z DFp; J0[ 0A, lS,S
SZM4 V[8,[ 5|MU|FD X~ Y. XS[4 8}SDF\ SM. RMSS; SFI" SZJF VYJF ALHF V[%,LS[XG 5|MU|FD RF,] SZJF DF8[
SDFg0G]\ SFI" SZTM shortcut V[8,[ Icon.

Icons

2.3.3 Menu
SM. 56 Group DF\ Title bar GL GLR[ VFJ[,L ,F.GG[ Menu bar SC[ K[P H[DF\ V,U V,U
Menu VFJ[,F CMI K[P NFPTP File4Edit4View4Help JU[Z[ P

Menubar

2.3.4 Running an Application

S[8,LS V[;[;ZLh lJg0MH VM5Z[8LU l;:8D ;FY[ VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[D S[ GM85[0GM p5IMU SZLG[
VF56[ 0[8FG]\ 0MSI]D[g8 AGFJL XSLV[ KLV[P5[.g8GM p5IMU SZLG[ H]NF H]NF lR+M NMZL XSLV[ KLV[P T[DH
S[,SI],[8ZGM p5IMU SZLG[ lJlJW UFl6lTS lS|IFVM SZL XSLV[ KLV[P

30

2.4 Operating system simple setting

lJg0Mh VM5Z[8LU l;:8D V[S XlSTXF/L VM%XG VF5[ K[ S[ H[G[ Control panel SC[ K[P H[GF FZF
lJg0MhGF\ ;[l8\U AN,L XSFI K[P H[DF\ CF0"J[Z T[DH ;MO8J[ZGF\ ;[8L\U 56 SZL XSFI K[P

2.4.1 Changing System Date and Time

Click on Start -> Control Panel -> Date and Time
VF option 5Z double click SZJFYL system Date VG[ Time HMJF D/[ K[P TYF T[G[
change 56 SZL XSFI K[P Taskbar DF\ HD6L AFH] Date VG[ Time HMJF D/[ K[ tIF\ double click
SZJFYL 56 VF H SFI" SZL XSFI K[P

2.4.2 Changing Display Properties

Click on Start -> Control Panel -> Display
Display o Display Properties DF\ screen GF display GF setting AN,L XSFI K[P
Desktop o Desktop 5Z H[ lR+ HMJF D/[ K[ T[G[ wallpaper SC[ K[ T[AN,L XSFI K[PT[GF
DF8[ Display Properties DF\ Desktop tab DF\ H.G[ H[ T[ GFD Apply 5Z Click SZJFYL
Wallpaper change SZL XSFI K[P VFD4 select SZ[, wallpaper Desktop 5Z UM9JL XSFI K[P

31

2.4.3 To Add or Remove a Windows Component

Click on Start -> Control Panel -> Add or Remove Programs
GJF Program install SZJF Operating System DF\ Install SZ[, Program[ Remove SZL XSFI K[P

32

2.4.4 Changing Mouse Properties

Click on Start -> Control Panel -> Mouse
Mouse o Control Panel DF\ VFJ[,F
Mouse GF ;LdAM, 5Z Double Click SZTF\
Screen HMJF D/[ K[P
Button o VF option J0[ mouse G]\ Left
click S[ Right click AN,L XSFI K[ TYF
mouse GL Double click GL speed slow
S[ Fast SZL XSFI K[ VG[ VFS'lTDF\ HIF\ Test
area K[ tIF\ speed GM test 56 SZL XSFI
K[P
Motion o Pointer speed DF\ JWFZM S[
38F0M SZL XSFI K[P Pointer trail o VCL\
click SZJFYL pointer trails set SZL XSFI
K[P

2.4.5 Adding and removing Printers

Sg8=M, 5[G,DF\ VF5[,F Printer GF VF.SMG p5Z 0A, S,LS SZMP H[GFYL l5|g8ZG[ Add
,remove T[DH l5|g8ZGF\ ;[8L\U AN,L XSFI K[P
Click on Start -> Control Panel -> Printers and Faxes
To Change Printer setting
l5|g8ZGF VF.SMG 5Z ZF.8 S,LS SZL 5|M58L"h 5Z S,LS SZM H[DF\ N[BFTF\ lJlJW ;[8L\\UGM p5IMU
SZL l5|g8ZGF ;[8L\U AN,L XSFI K[P

33

To set up a printer
1.

Add printer p5Z 0A, S,LS SZMP

34

35

2.

To remove Printer

;F{ 5|YD S\8M= , 5[G,DF\ H. l5|g8ZGF VF.SMG p5Z S,LS SZMPtIFZ AFN H[ l5|g8Z 0L,L8 SZJ]\ CMI T[
l5|g8Z p5Z ZF.8 S,LS SZL 0L,L8 VM%XG 5Z S,LS SZJ]\P

2.5 File and Directory Management

2.5.1 Creating and renaming of files and directories

36

H[ EFUDF\ V[S ALHF ;FY[ ;\A\W WZFJTL OF.,M ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[ T[G[ OM<0Z SC[ K[P OM<0Z Create SZJFGF\
steps GLR[ D]HA K[P
;F{ 5|YD My Computer
open SZL H[ drive DF\ OM<0Z
AGFJJ]\ K[ T[ 0=F.J open
SZMP
Menu bar DF\ H.G[ File
Menu p5Z Click SZTF\
File Menu open YX[P
T[DF\ New p5Z pointer ,.
HFJ VG[ folder p5Z S,LS
SZMP

New Folder p5Z S,LS SZTF\ New Folder ,B[,]\ Folder AGL HX[P

tIFZ AFN TDFZ[ H[ Folder G]\ GFD 8F.5 SZJ]\ CMI T[ 8F.5 SZL VF5TF GJ]\ OM<0Z AGL HX[P
CJ[ T[ OM<0Z Open SZJ]\ CMI TM T[GL p5Z double click SZTF\ T[ Open YX[P

37

2.6 Common Utilities:

SMDG I]l8,L8LGM p5IMU SZLG[ VF56[ SM.56 5|MUFD4 0MSI]D[g84 T[DH l5|g8ZGM XM8"S8 0[:S8M5 p5Z S[
SM.56 OM<0ZDF\ D]SL XSLV[ KLV[P VF XM8"S8 =FZF SM.56 5|MUFD4 0MSI]D[g84 T[DH l5|g8ZG[ h05YL Open SZL
XSFI K[P NFPTP H[D S[ l5|g8ZGM XM8"S8 AGFJJF DF8[ GLR[ D]HAGF\ Steps K[P
Pointer GF VF.SMG p5Z right DFp; A8G p5Z D}SL T[G[ 0=[U SZLG[ 0[:S8M5 5Z ,FJJFYL l5|g8ZGM
XM8"S8" T{IFZ Y. HX[P
To Create a Short Cut:
H[ OM<0ZGM XM8"S8 TD[ AGFJJF DF\UM KM T[G[ lJg0Mh Explorer DF\ Open SZM4 T[DF\ File- MenuPoint to new VG[ 5KL short cut p5Z S,LS SZMP H[YL TDFZF OM<0ZGM XM8"S8 T{IFZ Y. HX[P

2.7 Summary
Windows 2000 Professional GF\ lJlJW EFUM H[JF S[ Desktop, Start Button, Start D[G]4
My Documents, My Computers, Recycle Bin VG[ T[GL ALHL SFI" 5wWlT P
Control Panel DF\ S[8,FS tools VF5[,F K[P H[ display setting date VG[time ATFJ[ K[P
Windows V[ U|FOLS; I]hZ .g8ZO[; K[ H[ ;Z/ VFNFG 5|NFG DF8[ J5ZFI K[P
Windows DF\ H]NF H]NF Package CMI K[ H[JF S[ Ms Word, Paint, Calculator VG[ Games.
Computers V[ Remote Computers HM0[ G[8JS" YL HM0FI K[P
VF56[ l;:8DDF\ H]NF H]NF CF0"J[Z GL Properties AN,L XSLV[ KLV[P
J5ZFXSTF" 5MTFGL H~ZLIFT VG];FZ Operating system 5;\N SZL XS[ K[P
38

CHAPTER III
Understanding word processing
3.0 INTRODUCTION:
Ms-Word V[ Word Processor DF8[GM V[S 5|MUFD K[PVF 5|MUFD Microsoft
Corporation GFDGL U.S.A GL V[S S\5GL FZF T[[IFZ SZJFDF\ VFJ[, K[PVF S\5GLGF :YF5S lA, U[8=;
K[P H[ lJ`JGF ;F{YL WGF0I jIlST TZLS[ VM/BFI K[P Word GL DNNYL Document AGFJL XSFI K[P
T[G]\ Printing SZL XSFI K[ T[DH Document GM SFIDL ;\U|C 56 SZL XSFI K[P VF p5ZF\T
Document G]\ Editing s;]WFZMf VG[ Formating jIJl:YT SZL XSFI K[P

3.1 Objectives:

MS-Office dFF\ H]NF H]NF VF.SMG G[ ;DHJF

S[JL ZLT[ 0MSI]D[g8 G[ BM,J]4l5g8 SZJ] VG[ A\W SZJ]
0MSI]D[g8 G[ SCROLL SZJ]
OMg8GL ;F.h TYF T[G] V[,F.GD[g8 AN,J]
0MSI]D[g8 G[ OMD["8 SZJ]
8[A, AGFJJF

3.2 Word Processing basics:

WORD GL screen DF\ ;\YL p5Z blue Color GM bar HMJF D/X[P T[G[ title bar SC[ K[P VF Bar DF\
application G\] GFD T[GF\ icon TYF document G\] GFD ,B[,\] HMJF D/[ K[P T[GL HD6L AFH] DF\ +6 button
CMI K[ H[G[ control Button SC[ K[P H[GF FZF Word-Application GF Window G[ Control SZL XSFI
K[P

39

Title bar

Formatting Bar

Menubar
Standard
Toolbar

Workarea

Drawing
Toolbar
Statusbar

TITLE BAR GL GLR[ H[ Bar HMJF D/[ K[P T[G[ Menu bar SC[ K[P H]NF H]NF
Command VF5L Word DF\ D/TL ;J,TMGM p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P Menu bar GL GLR[ A[ Toolbar CMI
K[4 H[ VG]S|D[ Standard Toolbar and formatting Toolbar K[ T[GL GLR[ Ruler Line HMJF D/[ K[P
Area V[ Document Area K[4S[ H[DF\YL Text Type SZL XSFI K[P ;YL GLR[ Drawing Toolbar VG[
Status bar HMJF D/[ K[P Status bar DF\YL Page Number, Line Number TYF Current Cursor
Position HF6L XSFI K[P

3.2.1 Opening Word Processing Package

VF 5[S[HG[ RF,] SZJFGL A[ ZLT K[P
ZLT ov ! Start - All Program Word 2003 5Z S,LS SZJ]\

Microsoft office -

Microsoft office

ZLT ov Z Start Run 5Z S,LS SZL v WINWORD type SZL OK 5Z S,LS SZJ]\

40

3.2.2 Menu Bar

Title bar GL GLR[ H[ bar HMJF D/[ K[4 T[G[ Menu bar SC[ K[P H[DF Word GF H]NF H]NF
Menu Options ( EX. File, Edit, View JU[Z[f HMJF D/[ K[P

3.2.3 Using the Help

Microsoft Word DF\ +6 ZLT[ Help D[/JL XSFI K[P

41

1. Microsoft Office Word Help

Microsoft Office Word Help D[G]\ DF\YL Microsoft
Office Word Help VM%XG 5Z S,LS SZM
H[ XaN XMWJFGM CMI T[ ,BMP
Start Searching Option 5Z S,LS SZM
CJ[ H~ZL VM%XGG[ S,LS SZM
2. Office Assistance
Help Menu DF\YL Show the Office Assistance 5Z S,LS SZM
H[ XaN XMWJFGM CMI T[ ,BM
Start Searching Option 5Z S,LS SZM
CJ[ H~ZL VM%XGG[ S,LS SZM
3. Online Help

42

VF VM%XG Online Help VF5[ K[P

3.2.4 Using the Icons below Menu Bar
Icon GL GLR[ D[G] AFZ lRCGM K[ S[ H[ h05L SFD SZJF DF8[ JF5ZL XSFI K[P lRCGM (Icons) Tool bars
DF\ U'5 SZ[,F CMI K[P Word 8],AFZ (Toolbar) K[4 H[ H]NF H]NF SFD h05L VG[ ;Z/TFYL SZJF DF8[ J5ZFI K[P
SMd%I]8ZDF\ ;FDFgI Toolbar VG[ Standard formatting Toolbars VF5[,F CMI K[P
Standard Toolbar

Standard Toolbar V[ Documents GL p5Z ;F{YL GHLS K[P Standard Toolbar Menu
Command GF\ Shortcuts VFJ[,F K[P Toolbar GL 0FAL AFH]DF\ H[ Icons CMI K[ T[GL DNNYL H]NF H]NF SFD
YFI K[P H[JF S[ GJL OF., Open SZJL, File G[Save S[ Print SZJL, Text VG[ Objects G[ paste SZJLP
HD6L AFH] G]\ Standard Toolbar Word application G[ specific CMI K[P
Formatting Tool bar:

43

Formatting Tool bars ;FDFgI ZLT[Windows Programs DF\ HMJF D/[ K[PH[DF\ Documents GL
Style AN,JL4 O|Mg8 (Font) alignments VF5JF TYF AM0"ZG[ AN,JLP
ALHF Icons G[ HMJF DF8[

ALHF Icons G[ HMJF S[ Hide SZJF DF8[4 Toolbar Options DF\YL View D[G]DF\ S,LS SZJ]\P

44

3.3 Opening and closing Documents

3.3.1 Opening Documents
(1) Open:- VUFp Word DF H[ File Save SZL CF[I T[ Open SZL XSFI K[P
v File Menu DF\YL Open Select SZF[P

v Open GF[ Dialog Box Screen 5Z HF[JF D/X[P

v Last DF File GF GFD HF[JF D/[ K[P

v T[DFYL H[ T[ GFD Select SZF[
v Open Button 5Z Click SZF[P
File Open SZJF GL Short Cut Key Ctrl+O K[P
(2) Close:- Current H[ 56 OF., VF[5G CX[ T[G[ A\W SZL XSFI K[P

45

3.3.2 Save and Save as

(1) Save:- Current H[ 56 OF., VF[5G CX[ T[G[ ;[J SZJF DF8[ VF Option GF[ p5IF[U
SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P Word DF\ File Option 5Z S,LS SZL ;[J 5Z S,LS SZJFYL 0MSI]D[g8 ;[J YFI K[P
File Save Option GL Short Cut Key Ctrl+S K[P

(2) Save As:- OF., G[ V[SJFZ ;[J SZL ,LWF 5KL T[ OF.,GL ALHL SF[5L SZJFGL CF[I TF[ T[GF
DF8[ Windows DF\ Explorer HJFGL H~Z GYL 5Z\T] T[GF AN,[ OF., D[G] DF\YL Save As
Command Select SZF[P VCL\ 56 ;[J H[JF[ H Dialog Box HF[JF D/X[P tIF\ File Name Box DF\
OF.,G]\ GFD VF5F[ VG[ tIFZ AFN ;[J A8G p5Z Click SZF[ VFD OF., GJF GFDYL ;[J YX[4 VG[

46

OF.,GL GJL SF[5L T{IFZ YX[ T[JL H ZLT[ AL SF[. Drive DF OF.,
SF[5L SZJL CF[I TF[ V[8,[ S[ Floppy DF\ ;[J SZJL CF[I TF[ Save
As Option Select SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

3.3.3 Page Setup

Page Setup GL ;J,TYL Word GF Document GF
5[HG] ;[8L\U AN,L XSFI K[P VCL\ 5[H GF Right Margin, Header
And Footer Margin, Paper Size, Layer Style, JU[Z[ ;[8
SZL XSFI K[P

3.3.4 Print Preview

l5|g8 ,[vVFp8 jI]DF\ CMZLhMg8, VG[ J8L"S, Ruler
Line HF[JF D/[ K[P SF[. Document SF[. Object S[
Picture Insert SZFI K[document Print Layout View
DF\ O[ZJF. HFI K[print Layout View GL DNNYL Page Print
YFI 5KL T[ H Page S[J]\ ,FUX[ T[ ;Z/TFYL HM. XSFIP

3.3.5 Printing of Documents

VFDF\ Document GL Print SF-JF DF8[ l5|g8 SDFg0
VF5JM 50[ K[PH[ OF., VM5G K[ T[GL l5|g8 SF-JF DF8[ OF.,
D[G]DF\YL l5|g8 VM%XG 5Z S,LS SZJFYL 0MSI]D[g8GL l5|g8 D[/JL XSFI K[

47

3.4 Text Creation and manipulation

H]NF H]NF 5|SFZGF\ Word Documents DF\ Blank Documents, Web page VG[ Template YL
X~VFT SZL XSFI K[P HIFZ[ 5Z\5ZFUT Documents AGFJJFGF CMI tIFZ[ Blank Document GM p5IMU
SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P Template GM p5IMU tIFZ[ SZJM HM.V[ HIFZ[ Text Customs Toolbars, Macros,
Shortcut Keys VG[Style GM OZLYL p5IMU SZJFGM CMIP Text G[ H]NF H]NF Location DF\YL SM5L SZL XSFI
K[P Basic Cut, Copy VG[ Paste Function GM 56 p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P Text G[ H]N] H]N] Alignment
VF5L XSFI K[P

3.4.1 Document Creation

Microsoft Word GL V\NZ H[ File Default AG[ K[
T[G[ document file SC[ K[P VG[ VF l;JFIGL H[ file AG[ K[4 T[G[
Non Document File TZLS[ VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P Microsoft
Word G[ open SZJF New Option 5Z click SZJFYL
blank document GL Left VYJF Right side p5Z Task
pane HMJF D/[ K[ S[ H[DF\YL Document, Non Document S[
Template select SZL XSFI K[P

3.4.2 Editing Text

0MSI]D[g8GL 8[S:8 H[JL ZLT[ 8F.5 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ V[DF\
p<,[BGLI 5lZJT"G YI\] K[P J0"GF SM. 5[Z[U|FODF\
H[JF TD[ 5FK,L
,F.GGF V\T ;]WL 5CMRM S[TZT H J0"GM Insertion Point
VM8MD[8LS ZLT[5[Z[U|FOGL AL ,F.G 5Z VFJL HFI K[P TD[ 8F.5
SZ[,L 8[S:8 V[JL HuIFV[ N[BFX[4 HIFZ[ :S|LG 5Z Insertion Point RDSTM CX[ tIF\ TDFZF 0MSI]D[g8GL
8[S:8 8F.5 SZMPHIFZ[ TD[ ,F.GGF V\T ;]WL 5CMRM tIFZ[J0" VM8MD[8LS
ZLT[ 8[S:8G[ Wraps SZLG[ T[G[ VFU/GL ,F.G 5Z 5CM\RF0[ K[ T[YL HIFZ[
TDFZ[ GJM 5[Z[U|FO 8F.5 SZJM CMI TM OST V[g8Z SL G[ H NAFJJFGL H~Z
50[ K[P

3.4.3 Text Selection

J0"DF\ VG[S SFDM SIF" 5C[,F H[GL ;FY[ TD[ SFD SZJF DF\UM KM V[ 8[S:8
TDFZ[ ;L,[S8 SZJL B}AH H~ZL K[P l;,[S8 SZ[,L 8[S:8 TDFZL :S|LG 5Z
CF.,F.8 YI[,L HMJF D/X[PTD[ l;,[S8 SZJF DF\UTF CMI V[ XaN 5Z 0A,
S,LS SZM4 T[ XaN l;,[S8 Y. HX[P HM ,B[,F XaNG[ l;,[S8 G SZJM CMI
48

TM l;,[S8 SZ[,F V[ZLIFGL ACFZGL AFH]V[ S,LS SZMP

SLvAM0" 5Z Ctrl key G[ NAFI[,L ZFBL4 TD[
l;,[S8 SZJF DF\UTF CMI V[ JFSIG[ S,LS SZL4 tIF\
;]WL Ctrl key G[ NAFI[,L ZFBMP

3.4.4 Cut, Copy and Paste

(1) Cut :-Text S[ Object G[ HuIF CF[I K[P
HuIFV[YL B;[0LG[ ALHL HuIFV[ D]SJF DF8[ Cut
Option Select SZTF 5C[,FH[ Text S[
Object B;[0J]\ CMI T[ Select SZJ]\ 50[ K[P CJ[
DFp;GF A8GGL ZF.8 S,LS SZL S8 VM%XG ;L,[S8
SZJFYL4 ;L,[S8 SZ[,L 8[S; S[ VMaH[S8 S8 SZL XSFI
K[P T[GL Short Cut Key Ctrl + X K
(2) Copy :- File DF ZC[,L Text G[ V[S HuIFV[YL ALHL HuIFV[ Copy SZJF DF8[ Edit Menu
DF\YL Copy Option Select SZFI K. H[DF\ Cut GF Option GL H[D H[ Text Copy SZJFGL CMI
T[ 8[S;8 ;L,[S8 CMJL HM.V[P T[GL Short Cut Key Ctrl +C K
(3) Paste:- Text G[ Cut Copy SIF" AFN DFp;GF ZF.8 A8G 5Z S,LS SZL 5[:8 VM%XG ;L,[S8
SZJFYL 8[S;8 S[ VMaH[S8G[ 5[:8 SZL XSFI K[P T[GL Short Cut Key Ctrl +V K

3.4.5 Spell Check

Word DF\ HIFZ[ Text Type SZLV[ tIFZ[ SIFZ[S SM. XaN GLR[ Red ,F.G Spelling GL E}, ATFJ[ K[P
HIFZ[ Green Line Grammar GL E], NXF"J[ K[P Ms Words Spelling R[S SZJF DF8[ T[GL 5MTFGL
Dictionary Check SZ[ K[P

3.4.6 Thesaurus
;DFGFYL" XaNMG[ XMWJF VG[ T[GM VY" ;DHJF DF8[ H]NL H]NL Dictionary DF\YL XaNM XMWL VF5[ K[P
HM TDFZ[ H]NL EFQFFDF\ ;DFGFYL" XMWJF CMI TM Thesaurus p5IMUL K[P
!P Tools menu DF\ Research 5Z Clik SZMP
49

ZP T[DF\ Thesaurus 5Z Clik SZMP

#P ALT 5Z S,LS SZL ZFBL H[ XaNGM ;FDFGFYL" HMJM CMI T[GF 5Z S,LS
SZMP
$P T[G]\ Result Research task panel DF\ HMJF D/X[P

3.5 Formatting the text

3.5.1 Font and Size selection
Word DF\ H]NF H]NF font GL ;UJ0 D/[ K[P Font G[ Italic,
Bold, Underline, Size, Color Etc Option 56 D/[ K[P

3.5.2 Alignment of Text

Alignment GL V\NZ H]NF H]NF Dimension VF5L text G[
left, Right, Center T[DH Justify Alignment GL ;UJ0 VF5L K[P

3.5.3 Paragraph Indenting

Word DF\ Left VG[ Right Indent l;JFI Left- First Line, Hanging Indent GL
;J,T D/[ K[P

3.5.4 Bullets and Numbering

SM.56 IFNL VYJF List AGFJJ]\ CMI TM T[GL ;FY[ Number Or Symbol
D]SFI K[P Symbol G[ Bullet Number G[ Numbering SC[ K[P

50

3.5.5 Changing case

Document DF\ Text DF\ Type SIF" 5KL V[J]\ ,FU[ K[ S[ Upper
Case DF\ Type SZFI T[GF DF8[ Word Change GL ;UJ0 FZF AN,FI K[P

3.6 Table Manipulation

3.6.1 Draw Table
VF command p5Z click SZTF pencil symbol HMJF D/[ K[PH[GL
DNNYL document DF\ table draw SZL XSFI K[P

3.6.2 Changing cell width and height

H[ cell GL TD[ Height AN,JF S[ JWFZJF DF\UM KM
V[GL GLR[GF B}6F 5Z DFp; 5M.g8ZG[ ZFBMP Cell B}6FG[
0=[U SZLG[ GJL HuIFV[ ,. HFVMP VFD SZJFYL width and
height AN,L XSFX[P

3.6.3 Alignment of text in cell

8[A,DF\ ,LW[,F SM. ;[,G]\ V[,F.GD[g8 SZJF
DF8[WORD DF\ ,[O84 ZF.84 8M5 T[DH AM8D V[,F.GD[g8
H[JL ;]lJWFVM VF5[,L K[P

3.6.4 Delete/ Insertion of row and column

51

TDFZF 8[A,DF\ V[S ZM GFBLG[ JWFZFGL DFlCTL NFB, SZL XSM

KMP WORD TD[ l;,[S8 SZ[, ZM p5Z V[S ZM GFBXMP
s!f ZM l;,[S8 SZJFGF C[T]YL DFp; 5M.g8ZG[ ZM GL 0FAL AFH]V[ ZFBMP
5KL S,LS SZLG[ ZM l;,[S8 SZL ,MP
sZf 8[A,DF\ GJL ZM GFBJF DF8[ Insert Row 5Z lS,S SZMP TDFZF
8[A,DF\ GJL ZM VFJL HX[P ZM 0L;L,[S8 SZJL CMI TM l;,[S8 SZ[,
V[lZIFGL ACFZ S,LS SZMP
TDFZF 8[A,DF\ V[S SM,D pD[ZLG[ JWFZFGL DFlCTL NFB, SZL XSM KMP
TD[ HIFZ[ GJL SM,D pD[ZM tIFZ[ 5;\N SZ[, SM,DGL 0FAL

AFH]V[WORD V[S GJL SM,D .g;8" SZX[P

SM,DGM pD[ZM SZJF GLR[GF :8[5 VG];ZMP
s!f DFp; 5M.g8ZG[ SM,DGL p5Z ,FJLG[
SM,DG[ l;,[S8 SZMP DFp; 5M.g8Z AN,F. HFI
5KL SM,D l;,[S8 SZJF DF8[ S,LS SZMP
sZf CJ[ Insert column A8G 5Z S,LS
SZLG[ V[S SM,D HM0L NMP

SM,D l0l;,[S8 SZJL CMI TM l;,[S8[0

V[lZIFGL ACFZGL AFH]V[ S,LS SZMP HM ZM S[
SM,DGL TDFZF 8[A,DF\ SM. H~Z G CMI TM TD[ T[G[ 0L,L8 SZL XSM KMP H[ ZM G[ TD[ 0L,L8 SZJF DF\UM KM T[G[ l;,[S8
SZJF DF8[ DFp; 5M.g8ZG[ T[GL 0FAL AFH] ZFBLG[ S,LS SZMPS8 5Z S,LS SZLG[ ZM G[ 0L,L8 SZL NMP T[ ZM TDFZF
8[A,DF\YL VxI Y. HX[P
H[ SM,D TD[ l0,L8 SZJF DF\UTF CMI T[G[ C8FJJF DF8[ DFp; 5M.g8ZG[ T[GL p5Z ZFBLG[ lS,S SZMPS8
5Z lS,S SZLG[ SM,DG[ l0,L8 SZL NMPT[ SM,D TDFZF 8[A,DF\YL VxI Y. HX[P

3.6.5 Border and shading:

52

0MSI]D[g8DF\ HIFZ[ 8[A, AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ T[GL ;FY[ H 8[A,GL AM0"Z VFJL HTL CMI K[P VG[ T[
0MSI]D[g8G[ l5|g8 SZTF T[GL ;FY[ 56 VFJ[ K[P HM 8[A,GL AM0"ZG[ N]Z SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM 8[A,GL Gridlines
N[BFI K[P
8[A,GL AM0"ZG[ AN,JF GLR[GF :8[%; VG];ZM
Row VYJF Column GF Cell 5Z S,LS SZMP
8[A, D[G]\DF\ 8[A,GL Properties 5Z S,LS SZMP
tIFZAFN Border and Shading tab 5Z S,LS SZMP
TDG[ HM.TF VM%XG 5Z S,LS SZMP

3.7 Summary
Microsoft Word V[ ;F{YL JWFZ[ J5ZFT]\ ;MO8J[Z K[P VF ;MO8J[ZGL DNNYL Office G[
,UT]\ SFD h05YL XSI AgI]\ K[P Word DF\ Document T{IFZ SZL XSFI K[ VG[ H~ZLIFT
D]HA Editing VG[ Formatting 56 SZL XSFI K[P Word Software GF p5IMUYL
DC[GTDF\ W8F0M YFI K[ VG[ SFI"1FDTFDF\ JWFZM YFI K[P

53

Chapter - IV
4.0 Introduction

Using SpreadSheet
CHAPTER
IV

Microsoft excel V[ Powerful spreadsheet software K[P H[DF\ Numeric data B}A ;Z/TFYL
V[g8Z SZL XSFI K[P T[DF\ Formula VG[ Function GM p5IMU SZL DFlCTL GL U6TZL TYF T[G[ Analyse SZL
XSFI K[P T[DH 0[8F G[ Graphical ZLT[ ZH] SZL XSFI K[P Microsoft excel GL DNNYL Payroll, marksheet
T[DH Account details H[JL S[ Journel, Ledgers, Trial Balance, Balance sheet JU[Z[ T{IFZ SZL
XSFI K[P excelDF\ AG[, OF., G[ .xls S[ .xlw extension ,FU[ K[P

4.1 objectives
ExcelGF features
G[JLU[8L\U JS";L8
JS";L8DF\ V[g8=LSZJL
JS";L8DF\ 8[18 G\AZ 0[8F ;LZLh AGFJJL
JS";L8DF\ ;[,G\] D[GL%I],[XG SZJ]

54

EXCEL GL D]bI Facilities

Excel DF\ D]bI +6 5|SFZ GL Facilities K[P
(1)
(2)
(3)

work sheet
database
graphics

Work sheet/spread sheet excel DF\ text T[DH numeric data G[ rows T[DH
Column :J~5DF\ NXF"JL XSFI K[PT[DH data G]\ Analysis SZL XSFI K[P Excel DF\ Data G\]
Management SZL XSFI K[P Selected data G[ search SZL XSFI K[PGRAPHICS DF\
Data G[ graph (chart) :J~5[ NXF"JL XSFI K[P
Microsoft Excel GF p5IMUM
Microsoft Excel GL DNNYL payroll T{IFZ SZL XSFI K[PH[DF\ Emp.no , Emp
name,Basic salary, Da, hra, deduction JU[Z[ 5|SFZGL DFlCTLG[ store SZL XSFI K[P Ms
excel GL DNNYL payroll T{IFZ SZL XSFI K[P H[DF\ student name roll DFlCTLG[ store
SZL XSFI K[ VG[ T[DF\ total VG[ percentage calculate SZL XSFI K[PMicrosoft excel
GL DNNYL account details H[JL S[4 Journal, ledgers, trial balance, balance sheet
JU[Z[ T{IFZ SZL XSFI K[P

How to start excel

ZLT ! :
Start-all programMicrosoft
officeMicrosoft office excel 2003 5Z
S,LS SZJ]\P
ZLT Z:
startrun5ZS,LS SZL ms excel type SZL
ok 5ZL S,LS SZJ]\]P

55

 Column:

Column

Column G[ alphabet YLNXF"JJFDF\ VFJc K[Pexcel DF\ S], 250 column VFJ[,L CF[I K[P 5C[,L
column A VFJ[,L CF[I K[P

56

 Row
Row G[ number YL NXF"JJFDF\ VFJc K[P excelDF\ S],
65536 row VFJ[,L CF[I K[P
Row VG[ column HIF\ E[UF YFI K[ tIF\ box AG[ K[P
H[G[ cell SC[ K[P addrss DF8[ 5C[,F column VG[ 5KL
row G]\ address ,[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P

cell pointer

cell pointer
V[S JBT formula VFjIF 5KL
H[8,F cell DF\ V[ formula copy SZJL CF[I tIFZ[ cell pointer ZFBL drag SZTF\ formula NZ[S
cell DF\ copy Y> HX[ number drag SZJF DF8[ 56 cell pointer GF[ p5IMU YFI K[P
Name box

Name box DF\ insert DF\YL HM name create SZJ]\

CF[I TF[ T[ name 5Z HJF DF8[ Name box GF[ p5IMU YFI K[P

57

titlebar

Title bar

SF[.56 program openSZTF\ screenGL ;F{YL p5ZGF EFUDF\ V[S horizontal bar HF[JF D/[
K[ H[ title bar TZLS[ VF[/BFI K[P H[ ZLT[ application G[ Microsoft excel J0[ NXF"JFI K[P

4.2 Elements of Electronic Spread Sheet

4.2.1 Opening of Spread sheet
DF.S|M;MO8 V[S;[,GL :5|[0 lxF8 VM5G SZJF GLR[ D]HAGF :8[5 K[P
!PlJg0Mh V[GJFIZ D[g8GF :8F8" A8G 5Z S,LS SZMP
ZP :8F8" D[G]DF\ VFJ[,F 5|MU|FD VM%XG ;L,[S8 SZMP
#P5|MU|FD ;AD[G]DF\ VFJ[,F DF.S|M;MO8 V[S;[, VM%XGG[ ;L,[S8 SZMP

4.2.2 Addressing of cells

NZ[S JS"XL8 ;[,GL AG[,L K[PH[DF\ ZM VG[ SM,DGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P ;[, V[ 0[8FG[ :8MZ SZJFGM
A[hLS I]lG8 K[PHM ;[,GL SM,D A CMI VG[ T[GL ZM G\AZ 4 CMI TM VF ;[,G]\ V[0=[; A4 YFI K[PSM. 56
;[,DF\ OMdI"],F V[g8Z SZJL CMI TM ;[,GL VFU/ AZFAZGL GLXFGL SZL OMdI]",F ,BFI K[P

58

4.2.3 Printing of Spread Sheet

(Ctrl+p);VF SDFg0GL DNNYL Active worksheet G]\ page p5Z printing SZL XSFI K[P Active work
sheet GL l5|g8 VF5JF DF8[ 5C[,F OF., p5Z S,LS SZMP tIFZ AFN ;AD[G] l5|g8 p5Z S,LS SZTF H[ Dialog box
HMJF D/[ K[ T[DF\ OK 5Z S,LS SZJFYL JS"XL8GL l5|g8 D[/JL XSFI K[P
4.2.4 Saving workbooks
xls-extension
Path

59

4.3 Manipulation of cells

RF,] ;[,G[ NXF"JJF DF8[ HF0L AFpg0=LGM p5IMU YFI K[P C\D[XF JS"XL8GM V[S8LJ ;[, ;FDFgI ZLT[ .\u,LXDF\ A1
CMI K[P H[DF\ 0[8FGL V[g8=L SZL XSFI K[P 5Z\T] HM V[S8LJ JS"XL8GF ALHF SM. ;[,DF\ V[g8=L SZJL CMI TM DFp;G]\
5M.g8Z AN,LG[ ALHF ;[, p5Z S,LS SZL tIF\ V[g8=L SZL XSFI K[P

4.3.1 Entering Text, Numbers and Dates

;[,DF\ G\AZ4TFZLB4,[8Z T[DH ;LdAM,GM V[g8=L TZLS[ p5IMU SZL XSFI K[PV[S;[,DF\ HIFZ[ G\AZGL U6TZL TZLS[
p5IMU SZJFGM G CMI tIFZ[ SMd%I]8Z G\AZG[ XaN TZLS[ U6[ K[P V[S;[, XL8DF\ TFZLBGL V[g8=L SZJF DF8[ GLR[
D]HAGF OMD["8 Valid K[P
6/10/2012
6-OCT-2012
OCT-6-2012

4.3.2 Creating Text, Number and Date Series

;[,DF\ 8[S:8 GL Z[gH GF 0[8F EZJF DF8[4 H[DS[ lNJ;4DlCGF4VM8MG\AZ
JU[Z[ DF8[ 8[S:8 G\AZ VG[ TFZLBGM p5IMU YFI K[P VM8M G\AZ AGFJJF DF8[
GLR[GF :8[5G[ VG];ZMP
!P;[,DF\ 5|YD J[<I]GL V[g8=L SZM S[ H[ ;LZLhG]\ 5|YD J[<I] CMI VG[ 5KL ;[,G[
;L,[S8 SZMP
ZPTD[ H[ ;[, ;]WL G\AZ V[g8Z SZFJJF DFU\TF CMI tIF\ ;]WL Auto fill
handle G[ drag SZMP
#PDFp; A8GG[ KM0L NM P
p5ZGL ;LZLh AGFJJF DF8[ D[G]AFZGM 56 p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P H[GF :8[5
GLR[ D]HA K[P
!P5|YD J[<I]G[ V[g8Z SZL T[GL Z[gH ;L,[S8 SZM
ZP Edit Menu DF\YL fill VM%XG ;L,[S8 SZM
#P Fill submenu DFYL series VM%XG ;L,[S8 SZM
$P series GF 0[8F ROWS S[ COLUMNS Fill SZJF K[PT[ Indicate
SZMP
5P S. HFTGL series AGFJJL K[ T[ H6FJMPvLiner,Growth,Date or
Auto-Fill

60

&P CJ[ TD[ Step VG[ Stop values GSSL SZM H[YL GLR[ D]HAGL series AGFJL XSFX[P
Jan, Feb, Mar
Sun, Mon, Tue
North, South, West
4.00, 5.00, 6.00

4.3.3 Editing Worksheet Data

;[,DF\ ZC[,F 0[8FDF\ S[8,LS JFZ Editing SZJ]\ 50[ K[P H[D S[ ;[,GF 0[8FG[ V[S HuIFV[YL ALHL
HuIFV[ ,. HJF4 ;[,GF Sg8[g8G[ S,LIZ SZJF PH[GF DF8[ VF56[ Formula bar VYJF In-Cell
editing VM%XGGM p5IMU SZLV[ KLV[P
Formula bar Method:
!PH[ ;[,DF\ Editing SZJFG]\ CMI T[ ;[,G[ ;L,[S8 SZM
ZP CJ[ F2 Function key 5Z S,LS SZM
In-Cell editing:
Insertion Point cell GF END p5Z HMJF D/[ K[PVFYL S;"Z G[ H[ HuIFV[ Editing SZJFG]
CMI tIF\ ,. HJ]\ 50[ K[

4.3.4 Inserting and Deleting Rows, Column:

To insert a Column using the main menu
.g;8" D[G]GM p5IMU SZLG[4 HIF\ GJL SM,D pD[ZJF DF\UM KM tIF\
;[,GF 5M.g8ZGL 5MlhXG ;[8 SZMP H[YL V[S;[, V[ HuIFV[ GJL SM,D
pD[ZX[ VG[ H]GL SM,D ZF.8 ;F.0 5Z XLO8 YX[P

61

 To insert a Column using the short cut menu

V[S;[, DF\ HIF\ GJL SM,D pD[ZJF DF\UM KM tIF\ ;[, 5M.g8ZGL 5MlhXGG[ ;[8 SZMP SM,DGF C[0Z
5Z H. DFp;GL ZF.8 S,LS SZMP tIFZAFN .g;8" VM%XGDF\ H. .g;8" SM,D 5Z S,LS SZJFYL GJ]\ SM,D
pD[ZL XSFI K[P

To delete a Column the main menu

H[ SM,D 0L,L8 SZJL CMI T[GF V[S ,[8ZG[ l;,[S8 SZMP tIFZAFN V[0L8 D[G]DF\YL 0L,L8 VM%XGG[
l;,[S8 SZMP H[YL SM,D 0L,L8 Y. HX[P

62

 To delete a Column using the short cut method

H [ SM,D 0L,L8 SZJL CMI T[GF V[S ,[8ZG[ l;,[S8 SZMP DFp;G[ ZF.8 S,LS SZL XM8"S8 D[G]DF\YL
0L,L8 VM%XGG[ S,LS SZMP H[YL SM,DG[ 0L,L8 SZL XSFI K[P

To insert a Row using the main menu

H[ ZMGL GLR[ AL ZM pD[ZJFGL CMI T[ ZMGF ;[,G[ l;,[S8 SZMP CJ[ .g;8" D[G]DF\ ZM p5ZGL
VM%XGG[ l;,[S8 SZMP
To insert a Row using the short cut menu
H[ HuIFV[ GJL ZM pD[ZJFGL K[ T[GL p5ZGL ZM GF ;[,G[ l;,[S8 SZMP DFp;GF ZF.8 A8G 5Z S,LS
SZL .g;8" ZM VM%XG 5Z S,LS SZMP
To delete a Row the main menu
H[ ZM G[ 0L,L8 SZJFGL CMI T[G[ l;,[S8 SZMP V[0L8 D[G]\DF\YL 0L,L8 VM%XG 5Z S,LS SZMP
To delete a Row using the short cut method
H[ ZM G[ 0L,L8 SZJL CMI T[G[ l;,[S8 SZMP DFp; 5Z ZF.8 S,LS SZL XM8"S8 D[G]DF\YL 0L,L8 VM%XG
5Z S,LS SZMP
4.3.5 Changing Cell Height and Width
HIFZ[ ;[,DF\ 0[8F .g;8" SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[4 T[ S[8,LS JFZ
SM,DGL Width SZTF\ DF[8F CMJFYL ;[,GL CF.8 S[ Width
AN,JFGL H~Z 50[ K[P H[ GLR[ D]HA AN,L XSFI K[P

SM,DGL Width AN,JL o

SM,DGL Width DFp; J0[ T[DH D[G]\ SDFg0 FZF AN,L XSFI K[P

63

!P Using Mouse o
!P H[ SM,DGL Width AN,JL CMI T[ SM,DGF\ C[0L\UGF\ ZF.8 AM0"Z 5Z DFp;GF\ 5M.g8ZG[
D]SMP
ZP DFp;GL 0FAL S,LS 5S0L ZFBL HD6L AFH] Drag SZJFYL 5CM/F. JWFZL XSFX[ VG[
0FAL AFH] Drag SZJFYL 5CM/F. 38F0L XSFX[P
#P V[SJFZ 5CM/F. l;,[S8 Y. HFI 5KL DFp;GL 0FAL S,LSG[ KM0L NMP

ZP Using MenuBar o

!P H[ SM,DGL 5CM/F. AN,JL CMI T[GF C[0L\UG[ S,LS SZMP

ZP OMD["8 D[G]DF\YL SM,D VM%XG l;,[S8 SZMP
#P SM,DGF\ ;A D[G]DF\YL Width VM%XG l;,[S8 SZMP
$P Display YI[,F\ SM,D Width Text Box DF\ TDFZL H~ZLIFT D]HA Width V[g8Z
SZMP
5P Ok A8G 5Z S,LS SZMP

64

Row GL CF.8 AN,JL o

Row GL CF.8 DFp; J0[ T[DH D[G]\ SDFg0 FZF AN,L XSFI K[P

!P Using Mouse o
!P H[Row GL Height AN,JL CMI T[ Row GF\ C[0L\U p5Z
DFp;GF 5M.g8ZG[ D]SMP
ZP DFp;GF\ A8GG[ NAFJL ZFBM H[YL Double Headed Arrow N[BFX[P
#P VF Arrow G[ p5Z T[DH GLR[Drag SZJFYL CF.8 JWFZL 38F0L XSFI K[P
$P DFp;GF\ A8GG[ KM0L NMP

ZP Using Menu o

!P H[ Row GL CF.8 AN,JL CMI T[GF\ C[0L\U 5Z S,LS SZMP

ZP Row GF\ Sub Menu DF\YL Row VM%XG l;,[S8 SZMP
#P Row GF Sub Menu DF\YL CF.8 VM%XG l;,[S8 SZMP
$P Display YI[,F\ Row Height Text Box DF\ Row GL Height ,BMP
5P Ok A8G 5Z S,LS SZMP

65

4.4 Formulas and Function

Excel DF\ Formula VG[function ;FDFgI T[DH SMd5,[1F 56 CM. XS[ K[PH[GM p5IMU lJlJW
UFl6TLS lS|IFVM SZJF4 ;\XMWGDF\ T[DH J{7FlGS SFI"DF\ p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P

4.4.1 Using Formalas o

OMdI]",FGM p5IMU SZLG[ 36L AWL
S[,SI],[XG SZL XSFI K[P H[GF DF8[ ;[,DF\ HJFA
HM.TM CMI T[ ;[,GL VFU/ AZFAZ (=) GL lGXFGL
SZJL 50[ K[P
H[D S[= B4 + C5 VF OMdI]",FDF\ Cell B4 GF\
Data C5 GF\ data ;FY[ add Y. HX[P
GLR[ S[8,F\S pNFCZ6 VF5[,F\ K[P
= 34 * 44
= 23 D6 * 44/3
= C5 C3
= C1+C2+C3+C4+C5
OMdI]",F ;[,GF GFD TYF ;[,GL Z[gH 56 WZFJ[ K[P H[
;[,DF\ OMdI]",F ,BJFGL CMI T[ ;[, VFU/ = GL GLXFGL SZL
OMdI]",F ,BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P tIFZAFN Enter SL NAFJJFYL
,B[,L OMdI]",FG]\ 5lZ6FD D/[ K[P

66

4.4.2 Function
O\SXG V[ Excel FZF GSSL
YI[,L S[8,LS OMdI]",F K[P H[ O\SXGGL
Syntax RMSS; CMI K[P HIFZ[ VF56[
Excel DF\ O\SXGGM p5IMU SZLV[
KLV[ tIFZ[Excel FZF GSSL SZ[,L
Syntax 5|DF6[ H Arguments
,BJL 50[ K[P H[D S[ SUM, SUB,
LEFT, RIGHT JU[Z[PPP

Excel DF\ O\SXG S[JL ZLT[

AGFJJ]\
!P H[ ;[,DF\ O\SXG AGFJJ]\ CMI T[ ;[,G[ S,LS SZMP
ZP D[G] A8GDF\YL >g;8" 5Z S,LS SZMP
#P >g;8"GF Sub menu DF\ Add Function l;,[S8 SZMP
$P H~ZL O\SXG H[JF\ S[ Sum, Count, Average, Math JU[Z[PPP DF\YL SM. O\SXG ;L,[S8 SZMP
5P O\SXGGL Syntax D]HA T[DF\ 0[8F GF\BMP
&P CJ[Enter A8G 5Z S,LS SZJFYL AGFJ[, O\SXGGM HJFA D[/JL XSFI K[P

4.5 Summary
Spread sheet V[ V[S ;F[O8J[Z K[ S[ H[ H]NL H]NL 5[5Z JS"XL8 G[ HM0JFG]\ SFD SZ[ K[P
MS Excel V[ lJg0Mh p5Z VFWFlZT Spread sheet G]\ 5[S[H K[P JS"XL8 DF\ O[ZOFZ SZJF
SL AM04 DFp; VG[ :S|M,AFZ GM p5IMU YFI K[P JS"A]SG[ ;[J SZTF T[DF ZC[,L AWLH JS"XL8
;[J Y. HFI K[P T[DH JS"A]SDF\ ZC[,L JS"XL8G]\ GFD 56 AN,L XSFI K[P

67

CHAPTER V
Communication using Internet

5.0 Introduction
;\:YFVMDF\ DFlCTLG[ V[S9L TYF ;\A\lWT SZJF DF8[ SMd%I]8ZGM p5IMU YFI K[P VF SMd%I]8;"G[ HM0TF
:+MTMGL EFULNFZL prR lJ`J;GLITF VG[ SMdI]GLS[XG Y. XS[ K[P D[.GO|[D SMd%I]8;" SZTF\ ;FZL lS\DT VG[ ;UJ0
SMd%I]8Z G[8JS" FZF D/L XS[ K[P H[D S[4 AL, R}SJJF4 A[\S BFTFVMG[ D[G[H SZJF TYF .,[S8=MGLS DFwIDYL
.gJ[:8D[g8 C[g0, SZJFP WORLD WIDE WEB V[ AWL DFlCTLG[ VFJZL ,[ K[P ALHM DCtJGM p5IMU V[ K[ S[
T[DF\ jIlSTYL jIlST JrR[GM JFTF",F5 Y. XS[ K[4T[DH .vD[., FZF SZM0M ,MSM V[S ALHF ;FY[ SMdI]lGS[XG SZL
XSFI K[P VG[ CJ[ TM VMl0IMvlJ0LIMGM 56 ;DFJ[X SZFIM K[P .g8ZG[8GM p5IMU 36L ZLT[ VG[ 36F AWF C[T]YL
WWW FZF D[/JL XSFI K[P

5.1 Objectives
VF 5|SZ6G[ 5]~ SIF" AFN TD[ VF8,]\ SZL XSXMP

LAN ; (Local Area Network ) GF H]NF H]NF Sg;[%8 HF6L XSXMP

WAN : 8[SGM,M ;FY[ DFlCTUFZ YJ]\P
Ethernet Card G[ Configure SZJ]\P
Dial Up DF8[ DM0[D SF0" Configure SZJ]\P
H]NF H]NF 5|M8MSM, lJX[ HF6J]\ TYF .g8ZG[8GF XaNM lJX[ HF6J]\P

5.2 Basic of Computer Networks

V[SYL JWFZ[ SMd%I]8ZG[ HM0JF VG[ T[GM p5IMU SZJM V[ SMd%I]8ZGL jIJ:YF DF8[GM V[S Z:TM K[P V[S H
D[.GO||[D SMd%I]8ZGM p5IMU SZJM T[GF AN,[ DM8L ;\bIFDF\ H]NF H]NF SMd%I]8ZG[ V[SALHF ;FY[ HM0JF V[ JWFZ[
IMuI K[P VF 5wWlTG[ SMd%I]8Z G[8JS" SC[ K[P

5.2.1 Local Area Network (LAN)

68

,MS, V[ZLIF G[8JS" XaN 5MT[ H jIFbIFlIT K[P G[8JS" H[ GFGL HuIFDF\ AGFJ[, CMI4 GFGF VMZ0FDF\ VG[
V[S lA<0L\U 5}ZT]\ G[8JS" V[8,[ LAN.

LAN GL D]bI +6 ,F1Fl6STFVM K[P H[ ALHF G[8JS"YL T[G[ V,U 5F0[ K[P
s!f ;F.h s SNf
sZf 8=Fg;DLXG 8[SGM,M
s#f 8M5M,M
s!f SN o
p5Z NXF"jIF 5|DF6[ LAN DM8[EFU[ V[S SL,MDL8ZGL Z[gH 5}ZTF H p5,aW CMI K[P
sZf 8=Fg;DLXG 8[SGM,M o
T[ DFlCTLG[ ;M;"YL 0[:8LG[XG ;]WL 5CM\RF0JFGL 8[SGM,MG[ VFEFZL K[P VFHGF ;DI[ 10Mbps YL
1000Mbps VYJF V[GFYL 56 JWFZ[DF\ T[ p5,aW K[P
s#f 8M5M,M o
8M5M,M V[8,[ S[ SMd%I]8ZG[ OLhLS,L S. ZLT[ UM9JJFDF\ VFJ[, K[P 36L AWL 8M5M,M XSI K[P BUS
8M5M,M V[8,[ S[ AWF H SMd%I]8;" V[S H ,F.GDF\ HM0FI[, CMIP :8FZ 8M5M,MDF\ V[S CA ;FY[ ALHF AWF
SMd5I]8;" HM0FI[, CMI K[P )_ @ YL JWFZ[ LANDF\ :8FZ 8M5M,MGM p5IMU YFI K[P

5.2.2 Wide Area Network (WAN)

WAN DM8F E}UM/LI lJ:TFZG[ VFJZL ,[ K[P SNFR V[S VFBM N[X S[ B\0P V[S GFGF LAN YL ALHF LAN
;]WL 5CM\RF0JF DF8[ .g8ZDL0LI[8 :JLRL\U GM0GM p5IMU YFI K[P H[DF\ ZFp8ZGM p5IMU YFI K[P WAN 5|F.J[8
CM. XS[ K[P

69

DM8FEFUGF WAN DF\ S[A, S[ 8[l,OMG ,F.GGM p5IMU YFI K[P H[ NZ[SDF\ ZFp8ZGL V[S HM0 CMI K[P

5.3 Internet

5.3.1 Concept of Internet

N]lGIFG]\ ;F{YL DM8]\ G[8JS" V[8,[ S[ .g8ZG[8P T[G[ G[8JS"G]\ G[8JS" 56 SC[ K[P ;F{YL DM8L J:T] .g8ZG[8GL
V[ K[ S[ SM. 56 jIlST T[GM DFl,S GYLP GFGF TYF DM8F NZ[S G[8JS"G]\ S,[SXG K[P VF NZ[S G[8JS" V[SALHF
;FY[ V,U V,U ZLT[ HM0FI[,F CMI K[ T[G[ .g8ZSG[S8[0 G[8JS" 5ZYL T[G]\ GFD .g8ZG[8 VF5[, K[P " The
Internet " XaN ;F{YL 5C[,F\ !)(Z DF\ VFjIM S[ H[GM VY" TCP/IP 5|M8MSM, p5IMU SZTF\ .g8ZSG[S8[0
G[8JS" K[P
APRANET Internet GL X~VFT !)5* DF\ VD[lZSFGF l0O[g; BFTF FZF SZ[, CTLP VF NFISFGL V\NZ H
T[ ;F{YL lJXF/4 XlSTXF/L G[8JS" AGL UI]\P VFYL !)&) GL X~VFTDF\ _$ host SMd%I]8ZYL SZM0M host
SMd%I]8Z HM0FIP !))Z DF\ .g8ZG[8 ;M;FI8LGL :YF5GF YI[, K[P
.g8ZG[8 5ZGF SM.56 SMd%I]8ZG[ RMSS; .g8ZG[8 5|M8MSM, V[0=[;YL VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P IP V[0=[; A[
EFUG]\ AG[,]\ K[P s!f V[0=[; VMO G[8JS" sZf G[8JS"DF\ SMd%I]8ZG]\ V[0=[;
pNFP 216.27.61.137
DF6;MG[ IP V[0=[; ;Z/TFYL IFN ZFBJF DF8[ T[G[ NXF\SL 5wWlTDF\ AGFJ[, K[P lV\SL 5wWlTDF\ IP V[0=[;
GLR[ D]HA K[P
11011000. 00011011.00111101.100010001

70

0M8 s.f YL V,U 5F0[,F RFZ G\AZG[ Octets SC[ K[P T[ NZ[S _( bits GF AG[,F K[ T[ NZ[SG[ HM0TF\ #Z
bits G\AZ D/[ K[P VF NZ[S bit 1 VYJF 0 GF AG[,F CMI K[P 1VG[0 GF 8M8, Z5& SMdALG[XG D[/JL XSFI
K[P VFYL NZ[S octet GL lS\DT _ YL Z55 CMI K[P NZ[S $ octets G[ HM0TF\ $4Z)$4)&*4Z)& I]lGS lS\DTM
D/[ K[P
VF NZ[SDF\YL VD]S G\AZG[ 8M8, IP V[0=[; TZLS[ ,[JFDF\ VFJ[, GYLP H[D S[4 _P_P_P_P 0LOM<8 G[8JS"T[DH
Broadband DF8[ 255.255.255. J5ZFI K[P
!)(# DF\ Wiscosian University V[Domain name System (D.N.S.) AGFjI]\P H[ 8[S:8 GFDG[
IP V[0=[;DF\ VM8MD[8LS D[5 SZ[ K[P DNS Address V[S VY"5}6" GFD VF5[ K[P
H[D S[4
User Name@organisationname.Orggnisationtype. geography
mail to : Username@organisationname.orgtype.geography
Internet G]\ DF/B]\ o
.g8ZG[8GF DF/BFG[ # ,[IZDF\ JC[\RL XSFI K[P
sV[f .g8ZG[8 backbones VG[ CF.:5L0 G[8JS" ,F.g;P
!)(* DF\ G[XG, ;FIg; OFg0[XG FZF 5|YD CF. :5L0 backbones NSFNET AGFjI]\ CT]\P T[ 71 LINE
170 GFGF G[8JS"G[ HM0L XST]\ CT]\4 VG[ 1.544 mbps 5Z SFD SZT]\ CT]\P backbones V[ OF.AZ VM%8LS
8=\S ,F.G K[P V[S SZTF\ JWFZ[ OFIAZ VM%8LS S[A, V[S ;FY[ HM0LG[ V[S 8=\S ,F.G AG[ K[P OC-48 OF.AZ
VM%8LS S[A, 2488 Mbps 0[8F 8=Fg;DL8 SZL XS[ K[P H[DF\ G[8JS" ;FY[ HM0FI[,F GM0G[ G[8JS" V[S;[; 5M.g8
sNAPsf SC[ K[P
ALHF ,[IZG[ .g8ZG[8 ;lJ"; 5|MJF.0Z s ISPf SC[ K[PISP V[ backbones ;FY[ CF.:5L0 ,F.GYL HM0FI[,L
CMI K[P +LH]\ ,[IZ End User G]\ CMI K[P H[ISP ;FY[ 0FI,V5 VYJF ,Lh,F.G VG[ DM0[DYL HM0FI[,F
CMI K[P H[GL SMdI]GLS[XG :5L0 1400 bps 2048 kbps CMI K[P
CSLSTDF\ .g8ZG[8 V;\bI lJXF/ .g8ZG[8 5|MJF.0Z NAPs ;FY[ V,U XC[ZMDF\ HM0FI[,F CMI K[P VG[
V;\bI bytes GL DFlCTL T[DGL JrR[ lJ:TZ6 YFI K[P V[S ;[Sg0GF EFUDF\ V[S ;\N[X V[S SMd%I]8Z 5ZYL
GLS?IF AFN N]lGIFGF V,U V,U G[8JS"DF\YL 5;FZ Y.G[ ALHF SMd%I]8Z 5Z 5CM\R[ K[P
ZFp8ZGM p5IMUYL V[S SMd%I]8Z 5ZYL ALHF SMd%I]8Z 5Z HJF DF8[GL DFlCTL VF5[ K[P
World Wide Web ( WWW)
V[S DM8F J[A 5Z AWL H DFlCTLG[ .g8LU|[8[0 SZJFG]\ SFD WWW SZ[ K[PT[ NZ[S SMd%I]8ZG[ G[8JS"DF\ HM0L
XS[ K[P .g8ZG[8DF\ D]bItJ[ ;J"Z TYF S,FIg8 SMd%I]8Z CMI K[P H[ SMd%I]Z8 DXLG G[8JS"DF\ ZC[,F ALHF
SMd%I]8Z DXLGG[ DFlCTL TYF ;[JF 5}ZL 5F0[ K[ T[G[ ;J"Z SMd%I]8Z SC[ K[P ALHF SMd%I]8Z DXLG S[ H[ VF ;[JFVM
;FY[ HM0FI K[ T[G[ S,FIg8 SMd%I]8Z SC[ K[P

71

J[A ;J"Z 5ZGL DFlCTL HTML (Hypertext Makrup Language ) FZF D[/JL XSFI K[P HTML 2D .O[S8 5}ZL 5F0[ K[P IMMAGE T[DH SOUND JU[Z[G[ 3-D EFFECT VF5JF DF8[ VRML (VIRTUAL
REALITY MODELING LANGUAGA ) GM p5IMU YFI K[P WWW ;FY[ I]h;"GF HM0F6 DF8[ J[A
A|Fph;"GM p5IMU YFI K[P J[A A|FphZ V[ V[S 5|SFZG]\ ;MO8J[Z K[P VF ;MO8J[Z I]h;"GF DXLG VYJF TM
SMd%I]8Z 5Z ZG YFI K[P J[A A|FphZ A[ OMD["8DF\ p5,aW K[P
s!f U|FOLS, OMD["8
sZf 8[S:8 OMD["8
V[SJFZ S,FIg8 SM.56 5M8"YL VF ;[JF ;FY[ HM0FI 5KL T[ :5[l;OLS 5|M8MSM,GM p5IMU SZLG[
.g8ZG[8GL ;[JF D[/JL XS[ K[P 5|M8MSM, V[ lGIDMGM ;D}C K[4 S[ S[JL ZLT[ S,FIg8 VG[ ;J"Z DFlCTLGL VF5,[
SZX[P .g8ZG[8 5ZGF NZ[S ;J"Z HTTP GM p5IMU SZ[ K[P
WWW 5ZGF SM.56 0MSI]D[g8G[ D[/JJF DF8[ V[S V[0=[;GL H~Z K[P H[G[ URL -Uniform Resource
Locator SC[ K[PT[ +6 EFUG]\ AG[,]\ CMI K[P 5|M8MSM, G[D4 ;J"Z V[0=[; VG[ 0MSI]D[g8G]\ ,MS[XGP TD[ S,FIg8
DXLG 5Z A[9[,F V[S I]hZ KM VG[ HM TD[ 0MV[S G]\ J[A ;J"Z V[S;[; SZL ZCIF KM TM TD[ ZLSJ[:8 SZ[,]\ 5[H
;J"Z XMW[ K[P VG[ TDFZL ;]WL 5CM\RF0[ K[P S,FIg8 V[S BF; 5|SFZGF .g8ZG[8 ,F.GYL VFJ[ K[4 H[YL T[ ;J"ZG[
T[GL H~Z 5|DF6[GL ZLSJ[:8 DMS,L XS[ K[P H[ ;J"Z SMd%I]8Z 5ZG]\ ;MO8J[Z VF ZLSJ[:8 5[HG[ XMWLG[ S,FIg8
SMd%I]8Z 5Z DMS,[ K[P

5.3.2 Applications of Internet

E-mail - .vD[., o
A[ V,U .g8ZG[8 I]h;"G[ SMd%I]GLS[8 SZJF DF8[ .vD[.,GM p5IMU YFI K[P .,[S8=MGLS D[.,GF p5IMUYL
TD[ SM. 56 HuIFV[ SM.56 jIlSTG[ S[ SMd%I]8ZG[ D[;[H DMS,L XSM KMP T[GL DNNYL TD[ l5SRZ4 ;Fpg0 VYJF
TM SMd%I]8Z 5|MU|FD 56 DMS,L XSM KMP SZM0M .,[S8=MGLS ,FIA|[ZL VG[ ;FlCtI4 VFBL N]lGIFDF\ UD[ tIF\YL
V[S;[; Y. XS[ K[P TD[ .vD[., FZF D[U[hLG TYF gI]h5[5Z 56 D[/JL XSM KMP
Chat :
A[ S[ T[YL JWFZ[ jIlSTVM V[S ;FY[ V[S ;DI[ H]NL H]NL HuIFV[YL .g8ZG[8GM p5IMU SZLG[ JFTF", F5 SZL
XS[ K[P VF ;]lJWFG[Chat SC[ K[P T[GM p5IMU lAhG[; ;[S8ZDF\ 56 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
News Groups :
36F I]h;" VF ;[JFGM ,FE ,.G[ DFlCTL ;\RFZ SZL XS[ K[P T[DH 5MT5MTFGF lJRFZM X[Z SZL XS[ K[P
Gi]hU|'5 V[ SM. BF; lJQFI 5Z discussion SZJF DF8[ J5ZFI K[P H[DF\ V[S ;[g8=, .g8ZG[8 ;F.8 5Z GM8;
,BL XSFI K[ H[ .g8ZG[8GF NZ[S I]hZ FZF T[G[ JF\RL XSFI K[P T[ G[8JS" gI]h 8=Fg;OZ 5|M8MSM,GM s NNTP f
GM p5IMU SZ[ K[P VF gI]h U'5GF GFD V,U V,U ,[IZDF\ CMI K[P 5|YD YM0F V1FZ D]bI lJQFI VG[ 5KLGF
V1FZM UF{6 lJQFI DF8[ CMI K[4 T[DH I]h;" GJF gI]hU'5 AGFJL XS[ K[P

72

AL .g8ZG[8 ;[JFVM o
.g8ZG[8 o G[8JS"DF\ ZC[,L 0L1FG[ZLG[ HMJF DF8[ VG[ T[GM p5IMU SZJF DF8[ .g8ZG[8GM p5IMU YFI K[P T[GF
A[ VM5Z[8L\U DM0 K[P SDFg0 DM0 VG[ .G5]8 DM0P SDFg0 DM0GM p5IMU ZLDM8 SMd%I]8ZG[ BM,JF4 A\W SZJF YFI
K[P .G5]8 DM0GM p5IMU DFlCTLG[ .G5]8 SZJF DF8[ YFI K[P
Gopher :
V[ V[S D[G]A[g0 8], K[P H[GL DNNYL DFlCTL D[/JL XSFI K[P T[GL GSG]\ D[G] XMWJF DF8[ SLJ0"G[ ;R"
SZJFG]\ SFD SZ[ K[P T[GL DNNYL Telnet ;FY[GL Link SZL DFlCTL D[/JL XSFI K[P T[ 36]\ HF6LT]\ J<0" JF.0
J[A CT]\P
FTP : File Transfer Protocol :
FTP GM p5IMU V[S SMd%I]8Z 5ZYL ALHF SMd%I]8Z 5Z DFlCTLG[ .vD[.,GF :J~5DF\ DMS,JF DF8[ YFI K[P
T[ TCP/IP Protocol GM p5IMU SZ[ K[P T[GM p5IMU D]bItJ[ ;J"Z SMd%I]8Z 5ZYL 5|MU|Fd; 0FpG,M0 SZJF
DF8[ YFI K[P

5.3.3 Connecting to the Internet

Dial up :
0FI, V5 SG[SXGDF\ SMd%I]8ZG[ .g8ZG[8 ;FY[ HM0FJF DF8[ 8[l,OMG ,F.GGM p5IMU YFI K[P DM0[DGF
p5IMUYL VF56]\ SMd%I]8Z .g8ZG[8 ;lJ"; 5|MJF.0Z ;FY[ HM0F. XS[ K[P tIF\YL .g8ZG[8G[ D[/JJF DF8[ 0FI, Y.
XS[ K[P 0FI, V5 ;[JFVM DF8[ 8[l,OMG G[8JS" H~ZL CMI K[P VF ;[JFGM U[Z,FE V[ K[ S[ .g8ZG[8 V[S;[;
NZlDIFG VF56[ 8[l,OMGGM p5IMU SZL XSTF GYLP
Broadband:
A|M0A[g0DF\ DFlCTL 5CM\RF0JF DF8[ lJXF/ Z[gHGF TZ\U,\AF.GM p5IMU YFI K[P H[D A[g0JLY JWFZJFDF\ VFJ[
K[ T[D .gOM"D[XG 5CM\RF0JFGL 1FDTF 56 JWTL HFI K[P VFDF\ DFlCTLGF ;\RFZ DF8[ V[GF,MU DM0[DGM p5IMU
YFI K[P VG[ T[GF FZF 56 kbpsGL h05 D[/JFI K[P HIFZ[ADSL ,F.GGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ DFlCTL
5CM\RF0JFGL h05 VG[S U6L JWL HFI K[P H]NF H]NF DFwIDMGM p5IMU SZL DFlCTL ;\RFZGL h05 36L JWL HFI
K[P T[YL A|M0A[g0GL V\NZ SM. BF; h05 lGl`RT SZ[, CMTL GYLP 36L AWL DFlCTL V[S ;FY[ A|M0A[g0GL DNNYL
5CM\RF0L XSFI K[P 0FI, V5 SG[SXG SZTF\ A|M0A[g0 36L JWFZ[ h05L K[P VG[ T[GM V[S OFINM V[ K[ S[
.g8ZG[8GL ;FY[ ;FY[ TD[ 8[l,OMG ,F.GGM 56 p5IMU SZL XSM KMP

WIFI :
WIFI V[ SM0",[; 8[SGM,M K[P VF 5|SFZGF G[8JS"DF\ SMd%I]8ZG[ V[SALHF ;FY[ S[A, JUZ 56 HM0L XSFI
K[P H[GFYL G[8JS"GF HM0F6GM BR" 36M AWM VMKM Y. HFI K[P 36L V[JL HuIF CMI K[ HIF\ S[A,JF/F

73

G[8JS"G[ :YFl5T SZJF VXSI CMI tIF\ VF 5|SFZGF JF.vOF. V[8,[ S[ JFIZ,[; G[8JS" 5|:YFl5T SZL XSFI K[P
JF.vOF.G[ 5MTFGL DIF"NF CMI K[P VG[ VF G[8JS" ALHF G[8JS"GL ;ZBFD6LDF\ VMKF ;]Zl1FT CMI K[P
LAN TYF .g8ZG[8 DF8[ GLR[GF H~ZL 5U,F\ VG];ZJFP
s!f :8F8" A8G 5Z S,LS SZMP S\8M= , 5[G, l;,[S8 SZMP VG[ G[8JS" SG[SXG 5Z S,LS SZMP
VYJF 0[:S8M5 5Z DFI G[8JS" %,[; 5Z ZF.8 S,LS SZL 5|M58L"h BM,MP

sZf

:S|LG 5Z TDG[ 0FI, V5 TYF G[8JS" SG[SXG DF8[ H~ZL DFlCTL D/X[P H[ SG[SXG .g:8M, SZJ] \
CMI T[G[ S,LS SZMP

74

75

s#f ,[G .g:8M, SZJF DF8[ ,[GGF VF.SMG l;,[S8 SZMP GJL :S|LG N[BFX[ H[ Ethernet
Card VG[ a,[gS V[ZLIF NXF"JX[P HIF\ SMd5MGg8 .g:8M, SZL XSFX[P
s$f .g:8M, A8G 5Z S,LS SZM VG[ SMd5MGg8 V[0 SZMP
s5f
TCP/IP Protocol add SZJM H~ZL K[P TCP/IP Configure SZJF DF8[ T[G[ l;,[S8 SZM VG[
T[GL 5|M58L"h 5Z S,LS SZMP
s&f
HM DHCP Windows NT/ 2000 Domain DF\ Configure SZ[, CMI TM IP V[0=[;
VM8MD[8LS,L l;,[S8 Y. HX[P
s*f V[0JFg; 5Z S,LS SZL l;,[S8 WINS Configuration 5Z S,LS SZMP
Windows NT/ 2000 Configure SZJF DF8[ Wins GM p5IMU YFI K[P
CJ[ TDFZ]\ SMd%I]8Z LAN ;FY[ HM0FI[, K[P
Dial Up Connection Configure SZJ]\
s(f

HM TDFZ[ 3Z[ 8[l,OMG ,F.GGL DNNYL .g8ZG[8 V[S;[; SZJ]\ CMI TM 0FI, V5
SG[SXG ;[8 SZJ]\ H~ZL K[P 0FI, V5 SG[SXG l;,[S8 SZL SG[SXG S|LV[8 SZTF G[8JS" SG[SXG
JLhF0" B],X[P
s)f T[DF\ NXF"jIF 5|DF6[GL ;]RGFG[ VG];ZM T[DH SG[SXG 8F.5 l;,[S8 SZLG[ Next 5Z
S,LS SZMP
s!_f
CJ[ JLhF0" VF SG[SXGGL VJ[AL,L8L R[S SZX[ 5KL T[DF\ 56 8F.5 l;,[S8 SZL Next
VF5MP
s!!f
0FI, V5 SG[SXGG]\ GFD VF5M VG[ Finish 5Z S,LS SZMP

5.3.4 Troubleshooting
ServerServer
Temporary Internet removeInternet
browser
Dialup connection TCP/IP Configuration incorrect
ISP Domain name system
Directories damage corrupted

Solution
ServerMicrosoft web siteconnect
76


http://www.microsoft.com V[ Fully qualified domain name (FQDN)
Microsoft website Connect Computer TCP/IP
configuration correct
MicrosoftwebsiteWebsite
Internet Temporary remove
Website
Website
ConnectISP
Website Browser
Configuration TCP/IP Configuration Dial up connection Problem

Internet
browser
dialup
connection
internet
Configuration
Browser proxy server Configured
Proxy GF Setting verify Internet explorer internet option
Click Connection tab click LAN setting click
IP Address check

ISPConnect

Command prompt Command Type

Enter

77

ipconfig /all:

ipconfig /all command windows TCP/IP GF setting display

Modem connection address display
NDISWAN x Adaptor x NDISWAN x Adaptor
Adaptor IP address Zero
Dial up connection IP address ISP IP address
matchDial up connection
IP address ISP IP
Address
a. start click Control panelNetwork connections double
click
b. Internet connection Right click Properties Networking
tab

78

c. Internet protocol adaptor Click Properties

d. Setting correct TCP/IP GF setting ISPsetting

OK Click

79


Dial up connection GF confutation
1. Control panel Networking connection
2. Internet connection Properties Networking tab
3. Internet protocol adaptor Click Advanced properties

4. Use Default Gateway and Remote Network Check box

Select OK
Transfer Receive Light Check
Network
Adaptor
ISPModem

Local
Network

Network
adaptor

80

Modem,Conflict

ISP Connect
Ping
Ping IP Address:
IP Address Internet server 5ZG]\ IP Address
IP Address FTP.Microsoft.com IP address
207.46.133.140

Dial up Networking, Monitor VG[ Modem Status H6F

Lights

Transfer (Tx) light flash TCP/IPGL Modem

ISP route

81

Internet Server Ping Transfer (Tx)

Light flash Modem route V[8,M bIF,
Dial up connection ISP IP address V[ Network
adaptor IP address
Internet Sever ping dial up networking monitor
receive (Rx) light flash ISP Packets receive
ISP
Internet Sever ping dial up networking monitor
receive (Rx) light flash FQDN SeverConnect
Resolution DF\ Problem
Name Resolution Test

DNS SERVER, HOST Name Resolution Provide FQDN

Internet Server DIAL UP Connection
DNS Configuration

1. Command prompt DF\ ipconfig /all type

DNS Server IP Address Appear
ISP DNS Server IP Address

2.COMPUTER DNS SERVER

DNS SERVER IP ADDRESS PING
REPLY
3. PINGING ###.###.###.### WITH32 bytes or data:
4. Reply from ###.###.###.### bytes=32time=77ms TTL=28
5. Reply from ###.###.###.### bytes=32time=80ms TTL=28
6. Reply from ###.###.###.### bytes=32time=78ms TTL=28
7. Reply from ###.###.###.### bytes=32time=78ms TTL=28
VF ###.###.###.### G\AZ ;LZLh DNS Server IP Address
82


DNS Server IP Address Ping ISP
IP Address DNS Server
Host file
Internet
explorer
Internet
www.microsoft.com
FQDN address Address bar DF\ type GO Click MSN
Search No page found ATFJX[P T[D KTF\ HM SM. J[A;F.8G]\ IP address 8F.5 SZXM
TMWebsite
Issue
1. Local hard disk Host Fine
2. file extension .sam extension

3. host files .sam extension Delete

DNS Server IP ADDRESS TCP /IP setting

dial up networking phone book entry DF\DNS Server IP address

1. Control panel Network connection Click

2. Internet connection Properties Networking tab
3. Internet protocol adaptor Properties Click
4. Use the following DNS server addresses Click DNS server box
Address type
5. Ok click ok click

83

5.4 Summary
ComputerNetwor
kNetwork

LAN Implement 90% organization UTP

cable
wide area network Network
www, SMTP (email) FTP,
TELNET JU[Z[ 5|M8MSM, FZF computer Internet access

84

CHAPTER VI
WWW and Web Browser

6.0 Introduction
WWW

6.1 Objectives
WORLD WIDE WEB

CONFIGURE

DOWNLOAD SEARCH

6.2 World Wide Web (WWW)

WORLDWIDEWEBWWWW3

WORLDWIDEWEB
WORLD WIDE WEB
85

APPLICATION

6.3 Web Browsing Softwares

HTMLTEXT
HOMEPAGE
INDEXCONTENT
HYPER LINK WEB PAGE
BROWSER

NETSCAPEINTERNETEXPLORER
Web Browser
BrowserwebpageACCESS
Browser INTERNET EXPLORER Netscape Navigator web page
web page HTML Language page

Button
Uniform
Resource Locator (URL)
web page Browser Plug-insPlug-ins Subprogram Browser Plug-ins

6.3.1 Popular Web Browsing Software

Internet Explorer
MicrosoftInternetExplorerInternet
WebsiteContent
Automatically
Internet Explorer web page Download web page Download
OfflineInternetExplorerFavorite

site ADD

86

URLSecurityZone
SetupInternet

Fire Fox:WebpageBrowseBrowserFireFoxFireFox
Fire Fox Window
FireFoxHOMEPAGE Fire Fox HOME
PAGE
Fire Fox Menu Tools Internet Option

87

6.4 Search Engines

SearchEngine
Query
search EngineData

6.4.1 Popular Search Engines / Search for content

DCtJGF 5F\R Search Engine GLR[ D]HA K[P
!P Google Search
ZP Yahoo Search
#P MSN/ Window live Search
$P AOL Search
5P Ask .Com Search
Search Engine XF DF8[ ,MSl5|I K[ T[G[ ;DHJF DF8[ VF56[ Search Engine G]\ SFI" ;DHJ]\ 50X[P

36L AWL DFCLTL Internet p5Z Available CMI K[P 56 VF56[ H~ZL RMSS; DFlCTL S[JL
ZLT[ D[/JL XSLV[ T[GM HJFA K[ Search Engine P S[8,LS V[JL 56 J[A ;F.8 K[ H[ DF+ I]hZ G[
DNN SZJF DF8[ S[ AL ;F.8DF\ ZC[,L H~ZL DFlCTLG[ D[/JJF DF8[ T[GM p5IMU YFI K[P NZ[S J[A
;F.8 H]NL H]NL ZLT[ SFD SZ[ K[P 56 T[DF\ 56 T[VM .g0[S;GM p5IMU SZ[ K[P H[ DCtJ 5}6" K[P XaNG[
AF\WJFDF\ H[ 5|M;[; YFI K[ T[G[ Garbling SC[JFI K[P T[GF 5KL Indexing YFI K[P H[DF\
Search Engine Keyword store SZ[ K[P VG[ T[ URLDF\ XMW[ K[P NZ[S Search Engine GL
;R" SZJFGL H]NL H]NL ZLT CMI K[P VG[ T[ 5|DF6[ T[ H]NF H]NF J0" VG[ User GL G]\ 5lZ6FD VF5[
K[P
Google Search Engine V[ ;F{YL 5|bIFT Search Engine K[P H[ J[A ;F.0DF\ 5MTFGF UDTF 8M5LS
;R" SZJF DF8[ T[GM p5IMU YFI K[P Google V[ V[S SZTF JWFZ[ Spiders GM p5IMU SZ[ K[P H[ # K[P NZ[S
Spiders 36F AWF S[ !__ H[8,F Web pages G[ SG[S8 SZJF DF8[ J5ZFI K[P Google Search Engine GM
DCtJGM OFINM V[ K[ S[ Page GM Rank No. GSSL SZ[ K[P H[GFYL SI]\ 5[H S[8,LJFZ ;F.0 p5Z ZG YX[ T[ GSSL
SZL XS[ K[P
Google Search Engine G]\ Ranging algorithm User GF J[A;F.8GF Preferences G[
GSSL SZ[ K[P H[D H[D page Google Search Engine DF\ Add YTF\ HFI K[P T[D T[D T[G]\ ZLh<8 56 AGT]\

88

HFI K[P H[ T[GL Preferences D]HA CMI K[ HM S[ ;R" V[gG FZF T[VM H]GF page G[ 56 find SZ[,F CMI
K[ H[G[ ;Z/TFYL XMWL XSFI K[P HIFZ[ Google Search Engine FZF Result ATFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P tIFZ[ T[GL
;FY[ T[GF YM0F Content 56 ATFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[ T[GF query GF Result ;FY[ match YTM CMI K[P VFSQF"S
,1F6M H[JF S[ SPELLING G]\ CHACKING SZJ]\4 X[ZLGF GSXFVM 4 telephone number JU[Z[ 56
Internet EXPLORER 5Z XMWL XSFI K[P
Yahoo Search Engine V[ Z__# ;F,YL Web Search Engine AGL UI]\ K[P HM S[ 5C[,F T[
Result ATFJJF DF8[ ALHF Search Engine 5Z SFD SZT]\ CT]\ Yahoo G]\ Result H[ Human complied
CMJFYL Yahoo directly home Page DF\YL H ,[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
AOL Search Engine V[Google Search Engine GM p5IMU SZ[ K[PH[GM p5IMU User FZF
YI[,L Quary GF 5lZ6FD D[/JJF DF8[ YFI K[P T[YL 36L JFZ Google S[ AOL GF Search Engine FZF D/TF
5lZ6FD 56 ;ZBF CMI K[P AOL Search Engine V[ BF; Search Engine K[PH[DF\ AOL Search Engine
H[ Result Provide SZ[ K[P T[ AOL Search Engine GF User FZF H p5IMU ,[JFI K[P T[DFF\ V[S H S,LS
SZJFYL H~ZL Images, Pictures, GSXFVMG[ Search SZL XSFI K[P
HM S[ SM. 56 Search Engine GL ,MSl5|ITF V[ SM. 56 User GF Preferences 5Z VFWFZ ZFB[ K[P
VG[ SM.56 Web Site GM JWFZ[ 50TM p5IMU V[ 56 H[ T[ Site DF8[GL ,MSl5|ITF ATFJ[ K[P
TD[ J[A 5ZYL DFlCTL 36L AWL ZLT[ D[/JL XSM KMP HIFZ[ TD[ Search Button 5Z S,LS SZM KM tIFZ[
TDG[ T[ TDFZF 5lZ6FD ATFJ[ K[P Internet Explorer DF\ HM TD[ SM. Web Site ;R"SZJF DF8[ HMTF CMI 56
TDG[ URL Address BAZGF CMI TM TD[ BF; 5|SFZGF Search Engine GM p5IMU SZL XSM KMP H[DS[
www. yahoo.com S[ www.google.comSM.56 Topic G[ XMWJF DF8[ GLR[GF Steps VG];ZMP
1. Internet Explorer VM5G SZM VG[ Search Engine DF8[ URL 8F.5 SZM H[DS[www.google.com
2. Type the Desired topic C Language VG[ Google Search 5Z S,LS SZMP

89

3. GJF lJg0MDF\ Related topic G[ ,UTF 5lZ6FD ATFJX[ VG[topic G[ ,UTL ,LS\ 5Z Click SZM H[ T[GL DFlCTL
ATFJX[P

6.4.2 Accessing Web Browser

Browser G]\ Software open SZJ]\ VG[ Address Bar DF\ Search Engine G]\ URL 8F.5 SZM
5KL Go 5Z S,LS SZJ]\ P
To Navigate The Web Using IE Or Fire Fox
1. 0MSI]D[g8DF\ CF.,F.8 YTL ,L\S 5Z S[ A8G 5Z S,LS SZJFYL V[ H JLg0MDF\ GJF 0MSI]D[g8 5Z H. XSFI K[P
2. VFU/GF 0MSI]D[g8DF\ 5FKF HJF DF8[ A[S A8GGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
3. 0MSI]D[g8DF\ CF.,F.8 YTL ,L\SG[ GJF 5[H p5Z BM,JF DF8[ Ctrl SL NAFJL ZFBL CF. ,F.8 YTL ,L\S p5Z
S,LS SZMP

6.4.3 Using Favorites Folder

TDFZL Favorite Web Site G] V[0=[; TD[ TDFZF Folder DF\ Save SZL XSM KM H[YL TD[ HIFZ[ H~Z 50[ tIFZ[
T[GM p5IMU SZL XSM KMP
1. Menu Bar DF\ Favorite Menu 5Z S,LS SZM 4 VG[ T[DF\ Add to Favorite 5Z S,LS SZM P
2. VFD SZJFYL H[T[ Site G]\ GFD VF5D[/[ H T[DF\ N[BFX[P
3. Ok 5Z S,LS SZMP

90

6.4.4 Downloading Web Pages

HIFZ[ TD[ SM.56 J[A 5[HG[ HMJF[ KM tIFZ[ TD[ BZ[BZ T[ J[A 5[HG[ Download SZM KM SFZ6S[ Web
Server DF\YL Images and Data Transfer YFI K[P J[A 5[HDF\ ZC[,L SM. 56 File G[Download SZJF DF8[
ZF.8 S,LS SZL Save To Disk Option G[ 5;\N SZJ]\P S[8,FS lS:;FDF\ TD[ T[G[ AL HuIFV[56 Save SZL XSM
KMP
Document G[ Download SZJF DF8[ GLR[GF Step VG];ZJF P
1.
File Menu GL V\NZ Save As Option l;,[S8 SZJ]\P H[YL GLR[ D]HAG]\ AM1F TDG[ HMJF D/X[P

2.

Select Save this to disk VG[ T[ TDG[ Folder DF\ Save DF8[G]\ VM%XG 5]KX[ H[DF\ TD[
File G[ Save SZL XSXMP tIF\ TD[ Folder VG[ OF.,G]\ GFD VF5LG[ Save 5Z S,LS SZMP

6.4.5 Printing Web Pages:

91

36F AWF Browser DF\ Toolbar DF\ H Print Button CMI K[ H[GF FZF TD[ TDFZF Web Page G[
Print SZL XSM KMP HM Print Button Available GF CMI TM TD[ Menu bar DF\ File Menu 5Z Click SZL
Print Option Select SZJ]\P Page Setup GF Option FZF TD[ 5[HGM DF"G4 Landscape S[ Portrait
View SZL XSM KMP

6.5 Understanding URL

NZ[S Web Site G[ 5MTFG]\ V,U H URL ( Uniform Resource Locator) Address CMI K[P H[ NXF"J[ K[
S[Web S. HuIF 5Z CMI K[P NFB,F TZLS[ CSM Library G]\ URL Home Page GLR[ D]HAG]\ K[P
http://www.sonccd.edu/accaents/csmLibrary/index.htm
URL GF +6 EFU CMI K[P
1. Protocol
2. Server Name VG[
3. Resource ID
p5ZGF pNFCZ6DF\ HMI]\ V[ 5|DF6[Server Name V[ 0A, :,[X ( // ) GL JrR[ VFJ[,F CMI K[ VG[ ( / )
Single slash JrR[ VFJ[,F CMI K[ VG[ Resource ID TZLS[ Single slash ( / ) 5KL G]\ AW]\ H U6FI K[P
http://www.sonccd.edu/accaents/csmLibrary/index.htm
Protocol/ server name/ Resource Id
CJ[ URL NZ[S EFU lJX[HF6LX]\P
5C[,M EFU o Protocol ( http://)
NZ[S Web Page V[ HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) Protocol GM p5IMU SZ[ K[ H[
DMS,FJ[, Resource G[ NXF"JJF DF8[ T[GM p5IMU YFI K[P VFJL NZ[S URL V[ http:// YL X~ YFI K[P
ALHM EFU o server name o
server name V NXF"J[ K[ S[ Computer DF\ Resource S. HuIFV[ CMI K[P VF URL GM EFU V[
ATFJ[ K[ S[ S. S\5GL4 V[Hg;L S[ ;\:YF H[ T[ DFlCTLG[ ;[J SZJF DF8[ 5}ZTL D[DZL WZFJ[ K[ S[ GCL\ T[DH DFlCTL

92

VF5JF DF8[ HJFANFZ K[P Web server GF GFD C\D[XF www XaNYL X~ YFI K[P 56 S[8,FS lS:;FDF\ T[ p5IMUL
GYL YT]\P server G]\ GFD C\D[XF (.) dot YL 5]Z] YFI K[ VG[ T[DF A[ S[ +6 V1FZMG\] Domain Name CMI K[P
Domain Name V[ B]A H DCtJG]\ K[P H[ SM. 56 ;\:YFGM 5lZRI VF5[ K[ VG[ Resource G[
Sponsor SZ[ K[P S[8,LS JFZ T[ V[ 56 NXF"J[ K[ S[ server SIF N[XG]\ K[P DM8FEFUGF\ Common domain GF
GFD GLR[ D]HA K[P
Common Domain
Us- United State
Uk- United Kingdom
Au- Australia
Mk- Mexico VG[
Ca- Canada
,F.A|[ZLGL J[A;F.8 DF8[ server G]\ GFD www.smccd.edu. K[P S[8,LSJFZ server G]\ GFD J[A;F.8
G]\ GFD 56 CM. XS[ K[P
p5Z NXF"jIF D]HA CSM ,F.A|[ZL T[GF AWF H Page T[GL Sub directory/ accaents/csmLibrary DF\
VFJ[, K[P
+LHF[ EFU o Resource ID [ / accaents/csmLibrary/ index.htm]
Resource ID V[ Page DF8[GF OF.,G]\ GFD K[ H[ Directory S[ Sub directory GL V\NZ SM. RMSS;
Computer DF\ V\NZ ;\U|C SZ[, CMI K[P H[D S[ ,F.A|[ZLGF Home Page G]\ V[ Resource ID : GLR[ D]HA K[P
/ accaents/csmLibrary/ index.htm
RMSS; 5[H S[ ALHF Resource DF8[ File G]\ GFD V[Resource ID GF K[<,F Slash( / ) 5KL VFJ[,
CMI K[P File G]\ GFD +6 VYJF RFZ V1FZMYL 5}6" YFI K[ H[ T[GM 5|SFZ NXF"J[ K[ H[DS[PPPP .htm VYJF Phtml V[
Web Page DF8[ p5IMU YFI K[P T[DH .Jpg VYJF .Gif Graphics File DF8[ p5IMU YFI K[P

6.6 Surfing the web

Internet Explorer FZF p5IMUDF\ ,[JF DF8[P
VCL\ VF56[ HM.X] S[ Microsoft Internet Explorer DF\ World Wide Web GM S. ZLT[ p5IMU SZLX]\P
Client- based Software GM p5IMU SZJF DF8[ GLR[GF Steps NXF"JJFDF\ VFJ[,F K[P

93

1. Internet Explorer GF\ icon 5Z S,LS SZJ]\P

2. Internet Explorer GL Window open YIF 5KL H[ Web site
;R" SZJL CMI T[ J[A;F.8G]\ GFD ;R" AMS;DF\ ,BM VYJF URL GM 56 p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P

6.6.1 Using e-governance website:

e-Governance V[ ;ZSFZ VG[ GFUlZSM 4 ;ZSFZ VG[ W\WM 4VG[ ;ZSFZL Agencies 4 ;ZSFZ VG[
WFlD"S UlTlJlWVM 4 ;ZSFZ VG[ 3ZUyY] J:T]VM DF8[G]\ Digital interaction K[P
VF Digital interaction ;ZSFZL DFlCTLGL VF5v,[4 W\WFVM G[ OZLYL lJS;FJJF DF8[4 T[DH AWF H
5|SFZGL ;ZSFZL T[DH BFGUL ;[S8ZMGL DFlCTL D[/JL XSFI K[P

6.7 Summary
J[A 5[H V[ .,[S8=MGLS 0MSI]D[g8 K[4 H[G[ SMd%I]8ZGL HTML EFQFFDF\ AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P SM. V[S J[A;F.8
DF\ V[S SZTF JWFZ[ J[A 5[H CM. XS[ K[P
A|FphZ V[ SMd%I]8ZDF\ ZC[,M 5|MU|FD K[4S[ H[GL DNNYL WWW GF 0MSI]D[g8;G[ HM. XSFI K[P
Internet Explorer DF\ ZC[,]\ Internet connection Wizard V[ Internet ;FY[ SG[SXG AGFJJF DF8[
p5IMUL K[P
H]NF H]NF Explorer GM p5IMU SZLG[ VF56[ H~ZL DFlCTL D[/JL XSLV[ KLV[P

94

CHAPTER VII

Making Small Presentation

7.0 Introduction
5FJZ5M.g8 V[S ;\5}6" 5|[hg8[XG U|FOLS; 5|MU|FD K[P H[ TDG[ 5|MO[XG, ZLT[ 5|[hg8[XGGL ;]lJWF VF5[ K[P
T[DF\ TD[ .rKM tIFZ[ TDFZF 5|[hg8[XGG[ ;\5}6" ZLT[ 5FZNlX"TF V5GFJLG[ VG{F5RFlZS AGFJL ,M S[ 5;"G,
SMd%I]8ZGL DNNYL 5|MH[SXG l0JF.;G[ HM0LG[ T[G[ .,[S8=MGLS AGFJL NMP #5 mm GL :,F.0GM p5IMU SZLG[ SM.
56 VF{5RFlZS 5|[hg8[XG AGFJL T[ 5|[hg8[XGG[ .g8ZG[8 5Z R,FJL XSM KMP
5FJZ5M.g8DF\ TD[ GMD", jI]DF\ 5|[hg8[XG T{IFZ SZL XSM KMP GMD", jI]DF\ V[S H ;DIDF\ 8[a; 5[G4 :,F.0
5[G4 VG[ GM8; 5[G HMJFGL ;]lJWF D/[ K[P O}, lJg0MDF\ 5|[hg8[XG VFp8,F.GGL ;FY[ VFp8,F.G 8[AGM ;DFJ[X
CMI K[P :,F.0 5[G 5|[hg8[XGDF\ O:8" :,F.0 5|NlX"T SZ[ K[ VG[ GM8; 5[G 5|[hg8[XG V\U[GL GM8 ATFJ[ K[P
DF.S|M;MO8 5|[hg8[XGDF\ TD[ ;Z/TFYL 0FIG[lDS 5|[hg8[XG AGFJL XSM KMP H[DF\ D<8L lD0LIF OLRZ H[JF S[ ;Fpg04
D]JL4 VG[ lR+M JU[Z[ CMI K[P 5FJZ 5M.g8 8[d5,[8; 56 WZFJ[ K[P H[ 5|[hg8[XGGL 0LhF.GL\UDF\ TDG[ DNN SZ[ K[P
H[YL SZLG[ :,F.0 AGFJJFDF\ T[GM p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P 5FJZ5M.g8DF\ 8[A, AGFJJFGL ;]lJWF 56 K[P H[YL SZLG[
TDFZ[ V[S;[, S[ J0"GM p5IMU SZJM G 50[P J0"DF\ ZC[,]\ 8[A, 0=M 8], 5FJZ5M.g8DF\ 56 D/L ZC[ K[P 5FJZ5M.g8
TDFZF DF8[ 5|[hg8[XGG[ X[Z SZJFG]\ VG[ T[G[ SM,MAZ[8 SZJFG]\ ;Z/ AGFJL N[ K[P
;[g0 OMZ ZLjI] OLRZ VG[ S\5[IZ TYF DH" OLRZ TDG[ ;]lJWF SZL VF5[ K[ S[ TD[ 5|[hg8[XGG[ ZLjI] DF8[
DMS,L XSMP VG[ ;Z/TFYL SMD[g8; DH" SZL XSMP H]NF H]NF ZLjI]VZMGL SMD[g8;G[ HM.G[ TD[ 0MSI]D[g8G[ ZLJF.h
SZL XSM KMP

7.1 Objectives

5FJZ5M.g8 5|[hg8[XG AGFJJ]\P

5|[hg8[XGDF\ :,F.0 .g;8" VG[ 0L,L8 SZJLP
5|[hg8[XG jI] SZJ]\P
S,Z ;FY[ jI] SZJ]\P
C[0Z VG[ O]8Z pD[ZJ]\P

95

7.2 Basics

VF ;[SXGDF\ VF56[ 5|[hg8[XG VM5G VG[ ;[J SZL XSLV[ VG[ ALHF 36F\ 5FJZ5M.g8 0FI,MU AMS; lJX[

HF6LX]\P

7.2.1 Using PowerPoint

5FJZ5M.g8 5|[hg8[XG AGFJJF DF8[ GLR[ 5|DF6[ SZMP
!P

JLg0M 8F:SAFZGF :8F8" A8G 5Z S,LS SZMP

ZP

:8F8" D[G]DF\ VM, 5|MU|FD 5Z S,LS SZMP

#P

VM, 5MU|FDGF ;A VM%XGDF\ 5FJZ5M.g8 5Z S,LS SZMP

5FJZ5M.g8 5|[hg8[XGDF\ GLR[GF RFZ VM%XG HMJF D/[ K[P

VM8M Sg8[g8 lJhF0"ov
VM8MSg8[g8 lJhF0"GM p5IMU SZLG[ 56 5|[hg8[XG T{IFZ SZL XSFI K[P lJhF0" TDG[ VG[S ;JF, SZ[ K[P
VG[ TDFZF HJFAGF VFWFZ[ 5|[hg8[XG T{IFZ SZ[ K[ P

l0hF.G 8[d%,[8 ov
l0hF.G 8[d%,[8 5|[hg8[XG DF\ l0hF.G VG[ S,Z p5,aW SZFJ[ K[P VF 8[d%,[8 5|[hg8[XGGM S,Z 4OMg84OMg8
;F.h 4VG[ ,[ VFp8 GSSL SZ[ K[P
a,[gS 5|[hg8[XGov
H[DF\ SM. V[,LD[g8 S[ l0hF.G A[SU|Fpg0 JUZGF 5|[hg8[XG G[ VM5G SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
Open an Existing Presentation

T[GL DNNYL TD[ A|Fph 0FI,MU AMS;YL H]GF AG[,F 5|[hg8[XGG[ VM5G SZL XSM KMP

7.2.2 Opening a PowerPoint Presentation

GL DNNYL TD[ 5FJZ 5M.g8 5|[hg8[XG VM5G SZL XSM KMPVG[

OF., D[G]\ DF\ VM5G l;,[S8 SZLG[ 56 5|[hg8[XG VM5G SZL XSM KMP
Open an Existing Presentation

7.2.3 Saving a Presentation

ElJQIDF\ p5IMU DF8[ TD[ 5|[hg8[XGG[ ;[J SZL XSM KMP VFGFYL TD[ ElJQIDF\ 5|[hg8[XG GL V\NZ SM. 56
5lZJT"G SZL XSM KMP
96

!P TDFZF 5|[hg8[XG G[ ;[J SZJF DF8[

SAVE A8G 5Z S,LS SZMPSAVE AS 0FI,MU

AMS; N[BFX[P
ZP OF.,G]\ GFD VF5MP
#P SAVE A8G 5Z S,LS SZMP

7.3 Creation of Presentation

GJ\] 5|[hg8[XG AGFJJFGL 36L ZLTM K[P

7.3.1 Creating a Presentation Using a Template

l0hF.G 8[d%,[8 5|[hg8[XG DF\ l0hF.G VG[ S,Z p5,aW K[P VF 8[d%,[8 5|[hg8[XG GM S,Z4 OMg84 OMg8 ;F>h
VG[ ,[ VFp8 GSSL SZ[ K[P 5FJZ 5M.g8DF\ +6 :,F.0 l0hF.G 8F:S 5[G CMI K[P H[GF VFWFZ[ 5|[hg8[XGDF\YL
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7.5 Presentation of Slides

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7.5.3 Printing Slides and Handouts

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106

7.6

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7.6.2 Transition and Slide Timings

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109

7.7 Summary

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110

CHAPTER VIII
Social Networking
8.1 Introduction
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8.2.1.1 Beginning of Face book

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111

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8.2.1.3 Face book Profile
5|MOF., V[ V[S 5[H K[ S[ HIF\ ALHF O[;A]S ;eIM4lD+M4 ;\A\WLVM4 ~DD[8; JU[Z[ TDG[ O[;A]S 5Z HM.
XS[ K[P O[;A]SGL wall VG[ Mini Feed Part GL DNNYL TDFZF lD+M TDG[ ;Z/TFYL HM. XS[ K[P T[DH TD[ X]\
SZL ZCIF K[ T[ 56 HF6L XS[ K[P

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8.2.1.4 Home page

CMD 5[H 5Z VFJ[, News Feeds GL DNN YL lD+MGL 5|J'lTVM HM. XSFI K[P CMD 5[HGL HD6L AFH]
lD+MGL VFUFDL HgD lNJ;4 Friends Request4 JU[Z[ HM. XSFI K[P
8.2.1.3 Face book use in Commercial Sector
O[;A]SGF jIJ;FlIS p5IMU GLR[ D]HA K[P
v DFS["8%,[; o
DFS["8%,[; V[l%,S[XGGL DNNYL TD[ TDFZL HFTG[4 TDFZL 5|M0S8G[ VYJF TDFZL S\5GLG]\ DFS["l8\U SZL XSM
KMP O[;A]S p5Z HFC[ZFTM D]SL XSFI K[P S\5GLVM DF8[ 5[H AGFJL D}SL XSFI K[P
v SD"RFZL XMWJF o
O[;A]SGL DNNYL SD"RFZLVMGL EZTL SZL XSFI K[P
v ;D}C 5|MH[S8 ;\EF/JF o
O[;A]SGF Feeds VG[ Notifications GL DNNYL team project ;\EF/L XSFI K[P
v ;CIMU o
O[;A]SGL wall4 notes VG[ U|]%;GM p5IMU lJRFZM4 OM8F4 D[;[H4 D[,4 .J[g8 JU[Z[GL VF5v,[ SZJF DF8[
YFI K[P
8.2.1.4 Upload Photo and video calling

114

HM TD[ TDFZF SMd%I]8ZDF\ ZC[, OM8MU|FO;G[ pD[ZJF .rKTF CMJ TM 5|YD lJS<5 :J~5[ VF5[, Upload a
photo lJS<5 5Z S,LS SZM VFYL upload your profile picture G]\ C[0L\U NXF"JT]\ 0FI,MU AMS; HMJF D/[ K[P
H[DF\ Browse A8G 5Z S,LS SZL OF.,GM 5FY VF5M VCL\ GM\W ,[XM S[ OM8MU|FO;GL ;F.H 4 MB YL JW] GF CMJL
HM.V[P
Video Calling:
Video Calling Face to Face chatting
Video Calling
video calling
Video Chat Facebook Video Calling,
Firefox, safari, chrome , internet Explorer
Linux GYL T[ MAC VG[Windows
Operating System G[ ;5M8" SZ[ K[P

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8.2.2 You Tube

.g8ZG[8 5Z 5|Rl,T Video Sharing ;[JF H[ You Tube TZLS[ VM/BFI K[P T[GL X~VFT O[A|]VFZL2005 DF\ Y. CTLP H[ ,FBM User G[ T[DGF Videos Online Share SZJFGL ;[JF 5}ZL 5F0[ K[P You Tube V[J]\
Platform 5]Z]\ 5F0[ K[4 H[GF FZF TD[ AGFJ[, Short Film4 Animation S[ VgI DFlCTL G[ Video FZF lJ`J
;D1F ZH} SZL XSM KMP ZMHGF ,FBM User VF J[A;F.8GL D],FSFT ,. H]NF-H]NF 5|SFZGF\ Videos H]V[ K[P T[DH
,MSM 5MTFGF Videos G[ Upload SZL XS[ K[P Video Sharing GL VF ;[JF (You Tube) G[ VMS8MAZ-2006
DF\ Google N=FZF C:TUT SZJFDF\ VFJL CTLP CJ[You Tube G]\ ;\5}6" ;\RF,G VG[ HJFANFZL Google GL K[P
8.2.2.1 Search Video
You Tube 5Z p5,aW ,FBM Videos DF\YL VF56L H~ZLIFT 5|DF6[ H[-T[ Video G[Search SZL HM.
XSFI K[P VCL\ ;DHFJ[, Steps GL DNNYL You Tube GF Videos G[ Search SZL XSFI K[o
[1] ;F{5|YD4 http://www.youtube.com Link FZF Web Browser

DF\ You Tube G[ Open SZMP

[2] CJ[4 p5ZGL TZO HMJF D/TL Create Account link 5Z Click SZJLP H[GL DNNYL You Tube DF\ GJ]\
Account AGFJL XSFX[P

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[3] tIFZAFN HMJF D/TF Form DF\ H~ZL DFlCTL Enter SZJL4 VG[ I accept Button 5Z Click SZJLP

[4] CJ[4 Add You Tube To Your Google Account Option DF\ Sign In SZJF DF8[ Google
Account GM Password Enter Sign In Button 5Z Click SZJLP

117

[5] tIFZAFN You Are Now Registered With You Tube! message HMJF D/X[P
[6] CJ[ SM.56 Video Search SZJF DF8[4 p5ZGL TZO HMJF D/TF Search Box DF\ lS-J0" Enter SZL
Search Button 5Z Click SZJLP

[7] Search Button 5Z Click SZJFYL Enter SZ[, lS-J0" 5|DF6[Video G]\ List HMJF D/X[P
[8] VCL\ List DF\ RMSS; Link 5Z Click SZJFYL T[Video HMJF D/X[P
8.2.2.2 How to Upload Video
H[JL ZLT[ VF56[Video G[Search SZL HM. XSLV[ KLV[4 T[D VF56F Video G[You Tube 5Z Upload SZL
XSLV[KLV[P You Tube 5Z
5Z SM.56 Video G[ Upload SZJF DF8[ VCL\ ZH} SZ[,F Steps VG];ZJFo
[1] ;F{5|YD4 http://www.youtube.com J[A;F.8G[Open SZMP
[2] tIFZAFN Sign In Option 5Z Click SZL Username VG[ Password FZF Sign In SZMP
[3] Sign In YIF AFN TDFZF Account DF\ p5ZGL TZO HMJF D/TL Upload Link 5Z Click SZMP

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[4] CJ[4 Video File Upload GFDGM Option HMJF D/X[P T[DF\ Upload Video Button 5Z Click
SZJLP
[5] T[YL File Select SZJF DF8[GM Dialog Box HMJF D/X[P VCL\
Button 5Z Click SZJLP

H[-T[File Select SZL4 VG[ Open

[6] CJ[4 File Upload Process HMJF D/X[P Video Upload YIF AFN Link 56 HMJF D/X4 H[GL DNNYL
SM.56 jIlST Upload SZ[,Video HM. XS[ K[P
[7] TDFZF Video GL Link G[ Browser DF\ Open SZTF Upload SZ[,Video HMJF D/X[P
8.2.3 Orkut
8.2.3.1 Making Orkut Profile
Orkut ProfileOrkut Profile
Steps

[1] http:// www.orkut.com link Orkut Open

[2] Sing in Option Google account

E-mail Password enter Sing in button Click

119

[3] Warning YES button Click account

Options Enter accept button Click

[4] Create your Google account option E-mail

address, password Word Verification enter SZL Create my Google Account
button 5Z Click SZJLP

[5] T[YL Orkut DF\ TDFZ\ Account open

[6] Profile button Click Profile set
120

[7] Profile button Click Edit profile info option Form

Enter
8.2.4.2 Change Theme
Orkut account Themes Step
[1] Themes button Click Themes List

121

[2] Themes List Themes Click Themes apply

8.2.4.3 Search
Google FZF Search Orkut
Orkut

FZF Register Search

SZL XSM

Steps wIFGDF\ ZFBJF o

[1]Qrkut DF\Search box DF\ TDFZF lD+G]\ GFD Enter SZJ]\P
[2] tIFZAFN Search Button 5Z Click SZJLPT[YL Enter SZ[, GFD 5|DF6[ Search YI[, List HMJF D/X[P

8.2.4.4 Add Friends

Orkut GM p5IMU SZL lD+MG[ HM0[ ;\5S"DF\ ZC[JF DF8[ T[DG[ TDFZF Account FZF invite
SZL add SZJF 50[ K[P H[YL TD[ V[S-ALHFGF ;\5S"DF\ ZCL XSM KMP VCL\ ZH} SZ[, :8[%; FZF TDFZF
lD+MG[ invite SZL XSF[ KMP
[1] ;F{ 5|YD4 TDFZF lD+G[ Search SZMP

[2] tIFZAFN Search result DF\ T[G]\ GFD HMJF D/[ tIFZ[T[GL 5Z Click SZL Profile open SZL
XSFI K[P

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[3] CJ[ p5ZGL TZO HMJF D/TF Add as Friend option 5Z Click SZJLP

[4] tIFZAFN HMJF D/TF Dialog box DF\ Send Button 5Z Click SZJLP

8.2.4.5 Use Communities

Communities GM p5IMU SZL V,U-V,U Category 5|DF6[Group (H}Y) AGFJL XSFI K[P
VF DF8[ GLR[5|DF6[GF Steps VG];ZJFo

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[1] TDFZL Profile DF\ p5ZGL TZO HMJF D/TF Communities button 5Z Click SZJLP

[2] T[YL V,U-V,U Communities G]\ List HMJF D/X[P T[DF\ H[-T[ GFD 5Z Click SZJFYL T[
Community GF\ Members G]\ List 56 HM. XSX[P
[3] GJL Community AGFJJF DF8[ Create Community button 5Z Click SZJLP

124

[4] SM.56 Community GF Member AGJF DF8[ T[Community G[ Search box FZF
Search SZL Open SZMP

[5] CJ[ 0FAL AFH]GF List DF\ HMJF D/TF Join option 5Z Click SZJFYL TD[ T[
Community GF Member AGX[P
8.2.4.6 Application

Orkut DF\ H]NF H]NF 5|SFZGL Application p5,aW K[P H[DF\ Games, Music, Sports
JU[Z[GM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P SM.56 Application GM p5IMU SZJF DF8[ H[ T[ Application G[
TDFZL Profile DF\ Add SZJL 50[ K[P Orkut DF\ Application GM p5IMU SZJF DF8[ VCL\
;DHFJ[,F Steps VG];ZJF

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[1] TDFZF Account GF\ Home Page 5Z HD6L AFH] GLR[ TZO Applications Option
HMJF D/[ K[P

[2] VCL\ Applications Option DF\ Search For Applications Text Box DF\ H[T[
Application G]\ GFD Enter SZL Search Button 5Z Click SZJLP HM Application G]\
GFD BAZ GF CMI TM Other Ideas: Option DF\ SM.-V[S Option sH[D S[
Communication 5Z Click SZJFGYL H]NL H]NL Application G]\ List HMJF D/X[P

[3] VCL\ p5,aW Applications GF List DF\YL IMuI GFD 5Z S,LS

SZJFYL T[ lJX[ H~ZL DFlCTL HMJF D/X[P T[DF\ Add Button 5Z Click SZJLP

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[4] CJ[4 Add SZ[,L Application TDFZL Profile DF\ HMJF D/X[PT[G[Applications
Option DF\ HM. XSFX[PHIFZ[ 56 Application GM p5IMU SZJM CMI tIFZ[ Applications
Option DF\ H[T[ Application 5Z Click SZL Open SZJLP

8.2.4 Twitter

V[56 VMG,F.G "Microblogging" 5|SFZGL Social networking service K[P T[GL DNNYL
.g8ZG[8 I]hZ JW]DF\ JW] !$_ S[Z[S8;"GL 8[18 5M:8 SZL XS[ K[4H[G["tweets TZLS[ VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
H],F. Z__&DF\ Jack Dorsey wJFZF Twitter launch SZJFDF\ VFJL4H[ 8}\S ;DIDF\ H ,MSl5|I Y. U.P
VtIFZ[ TM Twitter J[A;F.8 V[8,L AWL ,MSl5|I Y. U. K[ S[ T[ VtIFZ[ TM "the SMS of the Internet"
TZLS[ VM/BFI K[P
Twitter

V[Microblogging 5|SFZG]\ a,MUL\U K[P ;FDFgI

DF.S|Ma,Mu;DF\ content VG[ OF., ;F.hGL ZLT[ GFGF CMI K[P
Twitter

traditional blog

SZTF VF 5|SFZGF

127

8.2.4.1 Making ID
www.twitter.com site open SZL VFS'lTv! YL $ DF\ NXF"jIF D]HAGF :8[%; follow SZMP

128

8.2.4.2 Blog
8.2.4.2.1 Introduction
a,MlU\U ,MSl5|I AgI]\ T[ 5C[,F 4l0lH8, ;D]NFIMV[ I]hG[8 sUSENETf 4jIF5FZL VMG,F.G
;[JFVM H[JL S[ HLV[GL sGEnief4 lAS; VG[ VUFpGL SMd%I];J" sCOMPUServef4 .vD[., IFNLVM
(e- Mail lists) s5&f VG[ A],[l8G AM0" ;L:8D sBulletin Board Systemf sALALV[;f ;lCTGF W6F
:J~5M WFZ6 SIF" CTFP!))_ DF\ J[AV[S;sWebExf H[JF .g8ZG[8 OMZD sINTERNET
129

f ;MO8J[Z threads ;FY[ HLJ\T JFTF",F5M ZrIF CTF\P Y|[0; V[S ,F1Fl6S SMS"AM0
5ZGF ;\N[XFVM JrR[GF ;F\5|T HM0F6M K[P
FORUM

VFW]lGS a,MU VMG ,F.G 0FIZL (ONLINE DIARYf DF\YL GL5HIF K[P H[DF\ ,MSM T[DGF V\UT
HLJGMGF HLJ\T J6"GM ZFBTF CMI K[P VFJF DM8F EFUGF ,[BSM 5MTFG[ ZMHGLXL ,[BSM4 5+SFZM
(JOURNALIST)S[ HG", v,[BSM SC[J0FJ[ K[P
a,MU J[A,MUG]\ 8}\S] ~5(CONTRACTION) V[S J[A;F.8(Website) K[PH[ ;FDFgI 56[
8L%56LVMGL lGIDLT V[g8=Lh 438GFVMG]\ J6" G S[ 5KL U|FlOS; VYJF lJ0LIM H[JL VgI ;FDU|L ;FY[
jIlST wJFZF R,FJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P V[g8=Lh ;FDFgI56[ p<8F SF,S|DFG];FZ NXF"JJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P a,MU
G[ lS|IF5N TZLS[ 56 JF5ZL XSFI K[P H[GM VY" a,MU HF/JJM S[ T[DF\ lJUT pD[ZJL V[JM YFI K[P
8.2.4.2.2 Use of Blog
36F a,MU RMSS; lJQFI 5Z SMD[g8ZL S[ ;DFRFZ 5}ZF 5F0[ K[P HIFZ[ VgI a,MU jIlSTUT
VMG,F.G 0FIZL GL SFDULZL AHFJ[ K[P V[S GD]GF~5 a,MUDF\ ,BF6 4VgI a,MU ;FY[ l,gS;4 J[A
5[.H VG[ T[GF lJQFI ;\A\lWT VgI DFwIDGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P 36F a,MUDF\ JFRSM V[S .g8Z[lS8J
OMD"[8DF\ 8LSF 8L%56L SZL XS[ K[P T[ a,MUG]\ DCtJGM lC:;M CMI K[P DM8F EFUGF a,MU ,BF6
VFWFlZT CMI K[P T[D KTF\ S[8,FS S,FsVF8",MU f OM8MU|FO8 sOM8M,MUf :S[RLh s:S[R,MUf lJ0LIMh
sJL,MUf 4 ;\ULT sV[D5LY|L a,MU f 4VM0LIM s5M0SFl:8\Uf 5Z wIFG S[lgN|T SZ[ K[ H[ ;FDFHLS
DFwIDGF jIF5S G[8JS"GM EFU CMI K[P ,W] va,MlU\U a,MlU\UGM VgI 5|SFZ K[P H[DF\ VtI\T GFGL
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!!PZ SZM0YL 56 JWFZ[ a,Mu; 8=[S SIF" CTFPs!flJ0LIM a,MlU\U GF VFUDG ;FY[ 4a,MU XaNGM
VY" JWFZ[ jIF5S AgIMv SM. 56 V[J]\ DFwID H[DF\ a,MU SZTF\ 5MTFGM VlE5|FI VF5[ K[P VYJF
SXF\S lJQF[ OST JFTM SZ[ K[P
8.2.4.2.3 Example of Blog
jIlST UT a,Mu;
SM. jIlSTGL ;TT D]SFTL 0FIZL S[ l8%56L~5[ jIlSTUT a,MU 5Z\5ZFUT VG[ ;F{YL ;FDFgI a,MU
AG[ K[PjIlSTUT a,MU;"G[ ;FDFgI 56[ T[GF a,MU 5M:8; 5Z UJ" CMI K[P 5KL E,[ T[DGF a,MU
T[DGF l;JFI SM. JF\RTF H G CMI a,Mu; DF+ ;\N[XM 5CM\RF0JFGF V[S DFU" GYL ZCIF4 56 HLJG
S[ S,F V\U[ lR\TG jIST SZJFGM DFU" AgIM K[P a,MlU\U ,FU6LXL, U]6JtTF WZFJL XS[ K[P AC] YM0F
jIlST a,Mu; bIFlT VG[ D]bI 5|JFC ;]WL 5CM\R[ K[P 5Z\T] S[8,FS VtI\T lJUTJFZ a,MlU\U YFI K[P

130

 SM5M"Z[8a,MU
DM8FEFUGF lS:;FDF\ VF a,MU BFGUL CM. XS[ K[P S[ 5KL jIF5FZL C[T]VM DF8[ CM. XS[ K[P SM.
;\:YFGDF\ VF\TlZS ;\N[XGjIJCFZ VG[ ;F\:S' lTS ptT[HG DF8[ J5ZFTF S[ 5KL DFS["8L\U A4A|Flg0\U S[
5la,S ZL,[Xg; DF8[ AFCI ZLT[ p5IMUDF\ ,[JFTF a,Mu;G[ SM5M"Z[8 a,Mu; SC[ K[P
5|`G a,MlU\U
a,MUGM V[JM 5|SFZ K[ H[ ;JF,MGF HJFA VF5[ K[P ;JF,M V[S lGJ[NG5+GF ~5DF\ S[ .D[., wJFZF
S[ 8[,LOMG VYJF JLVMVF.5L H[JF ;FWGYL ZH} SZL XSFIP
8.2.4.2.4 How to use Blog
!P Free Blogging Software/site (eg. Twitter) ;L,[S8 SZM
ZP a,MU ;F.8 5Z TDF~ V[SFpg8 ZHL:8Z SZFJMP (eg. blogger.com, wordpress.com)
#P Domain, theme H[JL lJUTM ;L,[S8 SZMP
$P CJ[ TD[ a,MU create SZL XSM KMP
8.2.4.2.5 Advantage of Blog
l8J8Z H[JL ;F.8M 5Z a,MUZ lD+M VG[ S]8]\A ;FY[ Tt1F6 lJRFZM VG[ ,FU6LVMG]\ VFNFG 5|NFG
SZL XS[ K[P VG[ T[ .vD[., S[ ,BF6 SZTF\ 36]\ h05L K[P ;FDFlHS DFwID GM VF 5|SFZ VFHGF
;DIGL VtI\T jI:T V[JL VMG,F.G HGZ[XGG[ V[SALHFGF ;\5S"DF\ ZC[JFGL TS 5}ZL 5F0[ K[P
8.2.5 LinkedIn
LinkedIn V[ N]lGIFG]\ ;F{YL DM8]\ 5|MO[XG, G[8JS" K[P ,UEU !Z_ DL,LIG H[8,F ;eI WZFJTF VF
G[8JS"GM O[,FJM ZMHAZMH JWTM HFI K[P LinkedIn GL DNNYL S[ZLIZG[ ,UTF lJlJW ideas GL VF5 ,[
I]h;" V[SALHF HM0[ SZL XS[ K[ VG[ lJlJW S\5GLVMGM 56 ;Z/TFYL SMg8[S SZL XSFI K[P
8.2.5.1 Making ID
www.linkedin.com site open

SZL VFS'lTv! YL * DF\ NXF"jIF D]HAGF :8[%; follow SZMP

1

131

132

133

8.2.5.1 Make a Profile and Groups

Groups option

wJFZF RMSS; ;eIMG]\ U'5 AGFJL DFlCTLGL VF5 ,[ SZL XSFI K[P sVFS'lTvZf

8.3 Advantages of Social Networking Websites

;MlxI, G[8JlS"U GF p5IF[U YL TD[ TDFZF ;UF ;A\WLVM S[ H]GF lD+M S[ H[VM TDFZF YL N]Z ZC[ K[ T[DGL
;FY[ TD[ HM0FI[,F ZCM KM P S[8,LS ;MlxI, G[8JlS"U ;F.8 JFZ\JFZ gI]h .gO"D[XG VF5TL CMI K[PH[GF FZF VF56[
ZF[H AZF[H GF ;DFRFZ HF6L XSLV[ K[P;MlxI, G[8JlS"UGF[ p5IF[U DM8F 5FI[ U=]5DF\ RRF" SZJF DF8[ YFI K[P;MlxI,
G[8JlS"U FZF DOTDF SM. 56 Advertisement G[ Post SZL XSFI K[PS[8,LS TDFZL lS|I[8LJ J:T]VMGF

134

lJRFZM 4 Photograph S[ Video G[ TD[Internet 5Z D}SL XSM KMPH[YL TDFZF lD+M 56 TDFZF lJRFZM T[DH
Photograph GM ,FE ,. XSM KMPVFH[ DM8L S\5GLGF HR FZF ;MlxI, G[8JlS"U GM p5IF[U SZL T[DG[ H~ZL
Candidate GL EZTL SZL XS[ K[P;MlxI, G[8JlS"U GM p5IF[U SZLG[ TD[ TDFZF T[DH V,U ;DFHGF GJF
,MSM ;FY[ 5lZRI S[/JL XSM KF[P
8.4 Installation of Audio Visual Devices like Webcam and I/O Devices etc...
Webcam G[SMd%I]8Z ;FY[ HM0JF DF8[ ;M[5|YD TM VF56L 5F;[ USB CABLE JF/M
WEBCAM, 4;MO8J[ZGL CD ( S[ H[DF\ Webcam DF8[ GF Driver K)[ HM.X[PH[ GLR[ NXF"jI] K[

HIFZ[ TD[ USB Webcam G[SMd%I]8Z ;FY[ HM0XM tIFZ[[SMd%I]8Z found new hardware GFD GM message
display SZX[ H[GLR[ D]HA K[P

135

T[GF 5Z S,LS SZTF GLR[ D]HAGL :S|LG HMJF D/X[P

CJ[ Next p5Z S,LS SZMP

CJ [Webcam ;FY[ VFJ[,L ;MO8J[Z GL CD G[ CDvROM DF\ D]SL NMP
CD GM TYF Windows Screen TD[ SM. ;MO8J[Z GFBJF DFUMKM T[JM
message display
SZJMPT[DH T[ ;MO8J[Z S[JL ZLT[ Install SZJFG]\ K[PT[ Step by step TDG[ ATFJX[P HM SMd%I]8Z TDG[
Automatically SM. Screen G ATFJ[ TM GLR[ D]HA SZMP
- Go to my computer
- Open your CD drive
- Run the set up file

136

36LJFZ SMd%I]8Z G]\ CF0"J[Z Error ATFJ K[P S[ drive Install SZJF DF8[ GL CD GFB[,L GYLP VF Error
DF8[Window Pop up AM1F ATFJ[ K[P H[D S[4 HM TDFZM[Webcam ;FY[ SM. ;MO8J[Z GL CD VFJTL G CMI
TM[Webcam GF\ USB Cable SMd%I]8Z DF\ GFBM H[YL SMd%I]8Z TDG[ GLR[ D]\HA GF\ A[VM%XG ATFJX[P
- Install Software Automatically
- Install from list of specification location

;MO8J[Z .g:8M, YT]\ CMI tIFZ[ GLR[ D]HAGL :S|LG HMJF D/[ K[P

137

;MO8J[Z Install Y. UIF 5KL SMd%I]8Z GL Screen HD6L AFH]\ GF B]6F DF\ GLR[ D]HA GM message
VFJX[P Your hardware is ready to use.

CJ[ SMd%I]8Z DF\ Web R,FJJF DF8[ GF ;MO8J[Z GM p5IMU SZL TD[Web RF,] SZL XSM KMP

8.5 Instant Messing

8.5.1 Introduction (Yahoo, MSN, Rediffmail)
.g8ZG[8 p5Z A[ VYJF A[YL JWFZ[ I]h;" JrR[ 8[18 OMD["8DF\ TFtSFl,S D[;[HGL VF5v,[
SZJFDF\ VFJ[ T[G[ .g:8g8 D[;[HL\U SC[ K[P .g:8g8 D[;[HL\UG[ VMG,F.G R[8 (online chat) ;FY[
;ZBFJL XSFIP 5Z\T]4 Online Chat DF\ V[S I]hZ VgI anonymous I]h;" HM0[ ;\N[XFGL VF5,[ SZ[ K[P
HIFZ[Instant messaging DF\ contact list, buddy list, or list TZLS[ Save SZ[,F ,L:8DF\YL 5;\N SZ[,
jIlSTqI]hZ HM0[ SMdI]GLS[XG SZ[ K[P
CJ[ TM Advanced Instant MessagingDF\ I]h;" V[SALHF HM0[ JM.; SM,L\U4JL0LIM SM,L\U4
JL0LIM R[8 H[JL Facilities 56 JF5ZL XS[ K[ VG[ .D[HL;4CF.5Z,LgS H[JF DL0LIF 8=Fg;OZ 56 SZL
XS[ K[P

138

DF8[ Yahoo Messanger, MSN, Google Talk H[JF ;MO8J[Z J5ZFI K[P VF
;MO8J[;" .g8ZG[8 5ZYL free download SZL XSFI K[P
Instant Messaging

8.5.2 How to use?

How to use Yahoo Messanger?
HM TD[ Yahoo Mail DF\ User ID WZFJTF CM TM T[ H User ID wJFZF Yahoo Messanger DF\ 56 JF5ZL
XSM KMP
Steps for Instant Messaging in Yahoo Messanger
1.

,MU .G :S|LGv!DF\ NXF"jIF D]HA Yahoo ID YL ,MU .G SZMP

2.

VFS'lTvZ D]HA N[BFTF

S,LS SZMP

Contact List

DF\YL H[ I]hZ VMG,F.G CMI T[GL HM0[ D[;[HL\U SZJF

1
2

139

3.

VFS'lTv#DF\ NXF"jIF D]HA A\G[ TZOGF I]hZGF 8[18 D[;[HL; GL JLg0M wJFZF
SZL XSFI K[P

4.

VFS'lTv$DF\ NXF"jIF D]HA V[S ;FY[ V[S YL

communication

JW] I]hZ HM0[ 56 D[;[HL\U SZL XSFI K[P

3

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8.5.2

How to use MSN Messanger?

V[ ;FDFgI ZLT[ hotmail V[SFpg8 DFZOT[ J5ZFTM Instant Messaging 5|MU|FD K[P Yahoo
Messenger GL H[D MSN Messenger DF\ 56 chat 4DL0LIF 8=Fg;OZ4JL0LIM SM, H[JL ;]lJWF K[P
VFS'lTv!4Z VG[ # S|DXo ,MU .G :S|LG4 VMG,F.G :8[8; VG[ D[;[HL\U :S|LG NXF"J[ K[P
MSN Messenger

141

8.5 Smart Phones (iPhone, Blackberry, Windows)

DMAF., SMd%I]8L\U %,[8OMD" 5ZYL AGFJ[,F DMAF.,G[ :DF8" OMG SC[JFI K[4 S[ H[DF\ ALHF DMAF., SZTF\
JWFZ[ U6TZLGL 1FDTF T[DH Internet Connectivity DF8[GF
Feature ;FZF CMI K[P 5C[,M :DF8"OMG
Personal digital assistant (PDA) T[DH S[D[ZFOMG H[JF Function WZFJTM CTMP VtIFZGF
:DF8"OMG Portable media players, Compact digital Camera, Pocket Video Cameras
T[DH GPS G[JLU[XG H[JF Function WZFJ[ K[P DM0"G :DF8"OMG High resolution touch Screen
, Web browser, Wi Fi T[DH mobile broadband H[JF Feature WZFJ[ K[P CF,GF\ :DF8"OMG
Google Android , Apples ios, Nokias Symbian , RlMs blackberry OS,
Samsungs BADA, Microsofts windows H[JL VM5Z[8L\U ;L:8D WZFJ[ K[P

Iphone
;F{ 5|YD Iphone 2007 DF\ V[5, S\5GL FZF ACFZ 50FIM CTM S[ H[ 5C[,M DMAF., OMG CTM H[
Multitouch Interface WZFJTM CTMP X~VFTGF\ ;DIDF\ Iphone DF\ T[GL VM5Z[8L\U ;L:8DGL V[%,LS[XG
l;JFIGL V[%,LS[XG .g:8M, SZJFDF\ D]xS[,L 50TL CTLP VF Iphone GL lS\DT 56 B}A H JWFZ[ CTLP

142

H],F. Z__( DF\ V[5, NJFZF ALHM Iphone ACFZ 5F0IM S[ H[ VMKL lS\DT WZFJTM CTM T[DH #
O\SXGG[ ;5M8" SZTM CTMP V[5, V[ App store ACFZ 5F0I]\ S[ H[ SM. 56 VF.OMG S[ VF.5M0 8R DF8[ G[8LJ
V[%,LS[XGG[ Wi Fi S[ ;[<I],Z G[8JS" NJFZF .g:8M, SZL XSFTL CTLP VF VF.OMG 5__ H[8,L V[%,LS[XGG[
;5M8" SZTM CTMP
H],F. Z_!_ DF\ V[5, NJFZF Iphone 4 ACFZ 5F0IM S[ H[ +LHF W\WFYL" 5F;[YL D[/J[,L V[%,LS[XGG[
;5M8" SZTM CTMP VF VF.OMG )&_ &$_ Pixel GL 0L:%,[4 5 Mega Pixel S[D[ZF WZFJTM CTMP H[DF\
LED Flash GM 56 ;DFJ[X YTM CTMP T[DH VF VF.OMG NJFZF HD lJ0LIM Z[SM0L"\U 56 SZL XSFI K[P
Iphone 4 VFU/GL AFH]V[ VGA S[D[ZF WZFJ[ K[P H[YL lJ0LIM SMgOZg; SZL XSFI K[P T[DH VF VF.OMG
800 MHz G]\ 5|M;[;Z WZFJ[ K[P
VMS8MAZvZ_!! DF\ Iphone 4S ACFZ 5F0JFDF\ VFjIM S[ H[ Iphone 4
ACFZ 5F0JFDF\ VFjIM CTMP H[ GLR[ D]HAGF Feature WZFJ[ K[P

DF\ H YM0F ;]WFZF SZLG[

Dual core A5 Processor

8 Megapixel Cameras
HD Video recording at 1080p
GSM vVG[ CDMA A\G[ G[8JS" 5Z SFD SZJFGL 1FDTFP
Automatic Voice assistant

Blackberry
2002 DF\ RIM FZF 5C[,M a,[SA[ZL DMAF., ACFZ 5F0JFDF\ VFjIM (Research in Motion ).
RIM FZF ACFZ 5F0JFDF\ VFJ[,F VF DMAF.,DF\ .vD[., SZJFGL ;]lJWF DMAF.,DF\ H VF5JFDF\ VFJ[,L CTLP
VF p5ZF\T .vD[., SZJF DF8[ JFIZ,[; G[8JS"GM 56 p5IMU SZL XSFTM CTMP
Feature
v
e-mail VG[ Text Message h05YL SZL XSFI K[P
v
GPS Navigation GL ;[JF VF5[ K[P
v
S[D[ZF VG[ Video Recording SZL XSFI K[P
v
U'5 R[8 SZJF DF8[ p5IMUL K[P
v
Tethered Modem GL ;[JF VF5[ K[P

143

Windows
DF.S|M;MO8 N|FZF :DF8"OMG DF8[ AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[,L VM5Z[8L\U l;:8DG[ windows VM5Z[8L\U l;:8D SC[ K[P H[GM
p5IMU windows phone DF8[ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P windows DMAF., windows CE kernel 5Z VFWFZ ZFB[
K[P
Features

8.6.3

multi tasking
T[ default Internet Explorer WZFJ[ K[P
windows media player
Microsoft office mobile
USB and Bluetooth

ANDROID OS

144

;M 5|YDJFZ :DF8" OMG DF8[GL Android VM5Z[l8\U l;:8D Z__( DF\ ACFZ 5F0JFDF\ VFJL CTLP
Android V[ V[S open source sV[8,[ S[ SM.56 A|FpU[8DF\YL T[G[ D[/JL XSFI K[ f Platform JF/L
VM5Z[l8\U l;:8S S[ 5C[,LJFZ HTC Dream GFDGF :DF8" OMGDF\ VM5Z[l8\U l;:8DG[ Install SZJFDF\
VFJL CTLP VF VM5Z[l8\U l;:8DG[ Maps ,Calendar ,Gmail T[DH HTML G]\ A|FphZ H[JL
V[l%,S[XG WZFJ[ K[P VM5Z[l8\U l;:8D Multi tasking sV[S SZJTF\ JWFZ[ Task SZL XS[ T[JL f
feature WZFJ[ K[P Google play FZF third-party GL Application 56 VF VM5Z[l8\U l;:8DDF\
GFBL XSFI K[P
HFgI]VFZLvZ_!_ DF\
Google FZF Nexus One :DF8" OMG ACFZ 5F0JFDF\ VFjIM
H[Android OS WZFJTM CTMP Android OS MultI Touch SZJFGL 1FDTF WZFJ[ K[P H[feature
G[Google FZF ACFZ 5F0[,F Nexus One DF\YL N}Z SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ CT]\P 5Z\T] 5FK/YL VF feature GM
pD[ZM SIM" CTMP
Android OS V[S VM5G ;M;" CMJFYL .g8ZG[8 5ZYL T[GL 36L H V[%,LS[XG D[/JL XSFI K[P GLR[
D]HA HM. XSFI K[P

8.8 Summary
Online ;MlxI, G[8JlS"U V[ V[SALHF ;FY[ JFTRLT SZJFGM GJM H Z:TM K[P VFH[ ;MlxI, G[8JlS"U 36F
H 1M+[ p5IMUL Y. ZCI]\ K[P ;MlxI, G[8JlS"UGM p5IMU SZLG[ TD[ TDFZF lD+M4 ;\A\WLVM H[ N]Z ZC[,F\ K[ T[DGL
;FY[4 Message FZF S[ video calling SZL JFTRLT SZL XSM KM4 H[G[ Chatting 56 SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;MlxI,
G[8JlS"U ;F.8GM p5IMU SZLG[ lJlJW Photo graph Upload T[DH 0FpG,M0 SZL XSFI K[P p5ZGF 5|SZ6 DF\
VF56[ You Tube, facebook, G- Mail VG[ Orkut lJX[GL DFlCTL HM. UIFP VFHGF VF 8[SGM,MGF I]UDF\
36L AWL S\5GLVM CZ6OF/ EZL ZCL K[P T[VM VF ;MlxI, G[8JlS"UGM B}AH p5IMU SZ[ K[P VG[facebook H[JL
V[l%,S[XGGM p5IMU VF56[ DOT SZL XSLV[ KLV[P

145