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Experiment no. 6
OBJECT:
Analysis of Portland cement
REAGENTS:
Portland cement Ammonium chloride Concentrated HCl Bromine water Liquor ammonia Ammonium nitrate Oxalic acid
THEORY:
Portland cement is the essential bonding material in concrete, which is most widely used as a non-metallic material of construction. The properties of cement depend upon the relative proportion of the constitutional compounds present and each of them has different characteristics and properties. These constitutional compounds are also called microscopic constituents. Such as Tricalcium aluminates (C3A), Tricalcium silicate (C3S), Tetracalciumaluminoferrite (C4AF), Dicalcium silicates (C2S). Also some additives are also added in the cement such as accelerators (CaCl2), air entrainment agent (Vinsol resin and Darex), retarders (Carbohydrates derivative and calcium lignosulfonate), and water repelling agents (fatty acid compound such as calcium, ammonia, aluminum or sodium stearates). Also some workability reagents, gas forming agents and pozzolanic materials are also used.
REACTIONS:
CALCULATION:
a) Loss on ignition
Weight of empty crucible Initial weight of crucible + cement before ignition, A Final weight of crucible + cement after ignition, B = 14.20 grams = 15.20 grams = 15.05 grams
DISCUSSION:
Portland cement is a fine, typically gray powder comprised of four chief minerals Dicalcium silicate (C2S) Tricalcium silicate (C3S) Tricalcium aluminate (C3A) Tetracalcium aluminoferrite (C4AF) with the addition of forms of calcium sulfate. Portland cement has today found its way as being the basic ingredient for ready-mix concrete. It creates a strong bond as compared to the early techniques of concrete production.