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BFC 3172
Introduction
In the design of RC structures based on BS 8110 it has to analyse the structure subjected to all probable combinations of loads, considering the ultimate limit state. Once the bending moment, shear force etc. were obtained, reinforcements can be designed according to the standard. Generally, three dimensional wide frame analysis is the most accurate method to analyse the frame building. 3-D frame is complex and need to be carried out using relevant computer software. Clause 3.2.1.1 BS 8110: Part 1: 1997 states that the analysis may be simplified appropriately sub-frame. Hence there are 3 levels sub-frames: Complete sub-frame Simplified sub-frame Simplified sub-frame at point
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The frame consists of all beams at each level with columns top and bottom of beams. Moments at columns and beams are tabulated by analyzing the complete subframe.
The frame consists of a selected beam with columns and neighbouring beams at both sides of selected beam.
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The frame consists of a selected point or node with columns at top and bottom, and neighbouring beams coming into the point.
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1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.0Gk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.0Gk
1.0Gk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.0Gk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
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Example 1.1
A four storey braced building is given in Figure P1.1. Perform the analysis for ABCD. Given the following data: All columns = 350 mm x 300 mm Gk = 25 kN/m All beams = 300 mm x 600 mm Qk = 10 kN/m
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Example 1.1
Solution Beam Stiffness
Column Stiffness
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Example 1.1
Completed Sub-Frame Analysis
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Example 1.1
Load Case 1
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Example 1.1
Load Case 2
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Example 1.1
Load Case 3
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Example 1.1
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Example 1.1
Example 1.1
Load Case 2
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Example 1.1
Example 1.1
Load Case 3
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Example 1.1
Example 1.1
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Example 1.1
Point B & C
Example 1.2
Figure P1.2 shows the four spans sub frame. Given: UDL (all spans): Concentrated load (span BC): Gk = 20 kN/m Gk = 30 kN Qk = 15 kN/m Qk = 15 kN Sketch the loadings arrangement.
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Example 1.2
Solution UDL Max = 1.4(20) + 1.6(15) = 52 kN/m Concentrated Load Max = 1.4(30) + 1.6(15) = 66 kN Load Case 1
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Example 1.2
Load Case 2
Load Case 3
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The following assumptions have to be made: Loads applied at beam-column junction. Total horizontal shear at any level is carried by columns at the points of contraflexure immediately below the level. The points of contraflexure occur at the mid-heights of columns and at midspans of beams. Each bay acts as a separate portal and the horizontal load is divided between bays in proportion to span.
Example 1.3
Draw the bending moment diagram of the 5 storey building frame subjected to 3 kN/m wind load as shown in Figure P1.3.
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Example 1.3
Solution
Example 1.3
Analysis of horizontal load Roof floor = (1.2 x 3) x (3.5/2) = 6.30 kN rd and 4th Floor 3 = (1.2 x 3) x [(3.5/2) +(3.5/2)] = 12.6 kN 2nd Floor = (1.2 x 3) x [(3.5/2) + (4/2)] = 13.5 kN 1st Floor = (1.2 x 3) x [(4/2) + (4/2)] = 14.4 kN Ground Floor = (1.2 x 3) x (4/2) = 7.2 kN Ratio of axial force in column Axial Force of external column : Axial force of internal column N1 : N2 8 : 2 4P : 1P
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MF2 = 0
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N1 = 4 P = 3.24kN = N 4 N 2 = P = 0.81kN = N 3
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Axial force in Column: Ms = 0 P(6) P(10) 4P(16) + 6.3(8.75) + 12.6(5.25) + 12.6(1.75) = 0 P = 2.11 kN N1 = 4P = 8.44 kN = N4 N2 = 1P = 2.11 kN = N3
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Simplified Approach
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk 1.4(25) + 1.6(10) = 51 kN/m
Simplified Approach
1.2Gk + 1.2Qk 1.2(25) + 1.2(10) = 42 kN/m
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27.03
31.53 16.07
13.67
27.03
1.2Wk
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