March 2000 Volume 25, Number 1

Tinnitus Today
THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN TINNITUS ASSOCIATION
In This Issue:
"To promote relief, prevention, and the eventual cure of tinnitus for
the benefit of present and future generations"
Since 1971
Education -Advocacy - Research - Support
Alternative Manageme.nt ofTinnitus, Part II
- Herbal Remedies
Quinine and its Effects on Outer Hair Cells
Tinnitus - An international View
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Tinnitus
Editorial and Advertising offices: American Tinnitus P.O. Box 5, Portland, OR 97207 503/248-9985, 800/634-8978 tinnitus@ato.arg, www.ato.org
Editorial and Advertising offices: American
Tinnitus Association, P.O. Box 5, Portland, OR
97207, 503/248-9985, 800/634-8978,
tinnitus@ata.org, www.ata.org
Executive Director: Steve Laubacher; Ph.D.
Editor: Barbara Thbachnick Sanders
Tmnitus Thday is published quarterly in March.
June, September, and December. It is mailed
to American Tinnitus Association donors and
a selected list of tinnitus patients and profes-
sionals who treat tinnitus. Circulation is
rotated to 80,000 annually.
American Tinnitus Association is a non-profit
human heal th and welfare agency under 26
USC sa! (c)(3).
Copyright 2000 by American Tinnitus
Association. No part of this publication may
be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
o.r transmitted in any form, or by any means,
without the prior written permission of the
Publisher. ISSN: 0897-6368
Executive Director
Steve Laubacher, Ph.D .. Portland, OR
Board of Directors
Paul Meade. Tigard, OR, Chairman
Joel Alexander, Park Ridge, NJ
James 0. Chinnis, Jr., Ph.D . Manassas. VA
W. F. S. Hopmeier, St. Louis, MO
Gary P. Jacobson, Ph.D., Detroit, Ml
Sidney Kleinman, Chicago, IL
Stephen Nagler, M.D., Atlanta, GA
Kathy Peck, San Francisco, CA
John Nichols, Scottsdale, AZ
Dan Purjes, New York, NY
Susan Seidel, M.A., CCC-A, 'Tbwson, MD
Tim So10s, Lenexa, KS
Jack A. Vernon, Ph.D., Portland, OR
Megan Vidis, Chicago, IL
Honorary Directors
The Honorable Mark 0. Hatfield,
U.S. Senate, Retired
'Tbny Randall. New York. NY
William Shatner, Los Angeles, CA
Scientific Advisors
Ronald G. Amedee, M.D., New Orleans, LA
Robert E. Brummett, Ph.D., Portland, OR
Jack D. Clemis. M.D., Chicago, IL
Robert A. Dobie, M.D., San Antonio, TX
John R. Emmett, M.D., Memphis, TN
Barbara Goldstein, Ph.D., New NY
John w. House, M.D., Los Angeles, CA
Cary P. Jacobson. Ph.D., Detroit, Ml
Pawel J. Jastreboff, Ph.D., Atlanta. GA
William H. Martin, Ph.D., Portland, OR
Douglas. Mattox, M.D., Atlanta, CA
Mary B. Meikle, Ph.D., Portland, OR
J_ Gail Neely, M.D., St. Louis, MO
Robert E. Sandlin, Ph.D., 1 Cajon, CA
Alexander J. Schleunlng, 11, M.D.,
Portland, OR
Michael D. Seidman, M.D.,
West Bloomfield, Ml
Abraham Shulman, M.D., Brooklyn, NY
Raben Sweetow, Ph.D., San fi'ancisco. CA
RichardS. '!Yler, Ph.D., Iowa City. lA
Cover: *Meadowlands, oil on linen,
24 x 30', by Gail WeTls-Hess.
Inquiries to Gail Wells-Hess at
800-776-4245 or weTls56@ibm. net.
The Journal of the American Tinnitus Association
Volume 25 Number 1, March 2000
Tinnitus, ringing in the ears or head noises, is experienced by as many
as 50 million Americans. Medical help is often sought by those who
have it in a severe, stressful, or life-disrupting form.
Table of Contents
7 New Scientific Advisory Committee Members
8 Thwa.rds the Cure
by Cheryl McGinnis
9 Quinine and its Effects on Outer Hair Cells
by Richard Hallworth, Ph.D., and John K. Jarboe, M.D.
10 Alternative Management of Tinnitus, Part IT
by Michael D. Seidman, M.D.
13 Support Networl{ Volunteers
by Cheryl McGinnis
14 An International View - The 6th International
Tinnitus Seminar
by Ross Coles
16 Thank You Members and Donors!
by Jessica Allen
1 7 Tinnitus Caused by Sudden Intense Changes in Pressure
by Mary Meikle, Ph.D.
18 And the Winner Is ...
by Rachel D. Wray
20 Banjoistically Yours
by Rick Lovelady, Ph.D., Th.M.
24 A Call for Committee Volunteers
Regular Features
4 From the Executive Director
by Steve Laubacher, Ph.D.
5 From the Editor
Putting it 1bgether
by Barbara Thbachnick Sanders
6 Letters to the Editor
22 Questions and Answers
by Jack A. Vernon, Ph.D.
24 Special Donors and 'D:ibu tes
The Publisher reserves the right to reject or edit any manuscript received for publication
and to reject any advertising deemed unsuitable for Tinnitus 7bday. Acceptance of adver-
tising by Tinnitus Today does not constitute endorsement of the advertiser, its products
or services, nor does Tinnitus Today make any claims or guarantees as to the accuracy or
validity of the advertiser's offer. The opinions expressed by contributors to Tinnitus
Today are not necessarily those of the Publisher, editors, staff, or advertisers.
American Tinnitus Association Tinnitus Thc/ay/March 2000 3
FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
by Steve Laubacher, Ph.D.
I would like to thank all of
those who responded so
generously to our Holiday
Appeal. We will be using all
of the proceeds from this
Appeal to reach out to
those who have tinnitus
and who are not currently
involved with ATA either as
members or as friends. We
will be asking you to iden-
tifY anyone whom you might know along with
friends or family who would like to know more
about tinnitus and ATA. In fact, some of you will
also begin to see ATA public service announce-
ments in your local papers and on television and
radio stations. Several people who contributed
also wrote notes and letters raising several ques-
tions that I would like to try and answer.
First, some of you have asked for a clarifica-
tion of our Appeals policy. Presently, the ATA
Board of Directors has authorized two appeals.
The first appeal (part of our annual campaign)
will be over the Holiday season and the second
(usually devoted to Research) will be in the
spring. I would like to stress again that although
dollars are important we do not want anyone to
feel pressured.
Second, several have expressed the need to be
better informed as to ATA activities and research
efforts. We have responded to this by trying to
make sure that a "live" person as opposed to an
answering machine will be available to take
phone calls from 9 to 3 Pacific Time. I have
also asked Cheryl McGinnis, ATA Director of
Research, to devote considerable time to review-
ing relevant research throughout the world and
to bring back that information to our staff and
members. You will begin to see the fruits of her
labor in Tinnitus 'Ibday along with other informa-
tion that will, hopefully, give you the knowledge
and confidence that ATA is working aggressively
to solve this problem and at least reduce its
effects. You will also begin to see some dramatic
improvement to our Internet World Wide Web
page that will significantly increase ease of use
and include substantive updates on both relief
and research.
Finally, some have questioned what our long-
term plans are for research and cure. The long-
range direction and success of ATA will be a
direct result of our long-range planning. These
efforts are still underway though at a slower pace
4 T!nnicus Thday/March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
than I had originally projected. Those of you who
volunteered to work with us on long-range plan-
ning will be contacted and involved within our
planning process where possible. I would again
like to invite interested parties to volunteer for
one of our committees by contacting Robin
Jennings, Laura Grimes, or myself. We still have
several vacancies on the Human Resource,
Resource Development, and Business committees.
(Please refer to the "Call for Committee
Volunteers" on page 21.)
As we move into a new century we should
be hopeful that together we will be able to beat
tinnitus through relief or cure or at least develop
methods for successful1y coping with this prob-
lem. It is ATA's intention to serve as a catalyst to
achieve these purposes and our ability to address
these goals should be the yardstick against which
our success is measured. 18
Events Calendar
Mid-Atlantic Regional Tinnitus Conference
What's New in Tinnitus Research Management
April l, 2000 - 8: 30 a.m.- 4:30p.m.
Ceill Institute, Voorhees, NJ
Guest Speakers: Steve Laubacher, Ph.D.;
Richard Salvi, Ph.D.; Stephen Nagler, M.D.;
Max Ronis, M.D.; James Sumerson, M.D.
Fees: $15 per patient, $45 per professional
(CEUs offered)
For more information, contact:
Dhyan Cassie, M.A. , CCC-A
Phone: 856-983-8981
Eighth Annual Conference on the
Management of the Tinnitus Patient
September 21-23, 2000
The University of Iowa, Iowa City
For professionals & tinnitus patients
Guest Speakers: Michael B1ock, Ph.D., Starkey
Laboratories; Steve Laubacher, Ph.D. , ATA;
Meredith Eldridge, General Hearing
Instruments; Steven Nagler, M.D., Physician;
Anne Mette-Mohr, Psychologist; Eva Brix,
Relaxation Therapist; Norma Mraz, M.A.,
Audiologist
For more i nformation, contact: Cheryl J. Schlote
Phone: 319-384-9757 Fax: 319-353-6739
rich-tyler@uiowa.edu, www.medicine.
uiowa.edu/ otolaryngology/news/ news.
From the Edito r
PUTTING IT TOGETHER
by Barbara Tabachnick Sanders
Tinnitus has always been a
jigsaw puzzle, and a confound-
ing one at that. Twenty-nine
years ago, we didn't know
how many pieces there were
to the puzzle, or even what
the completed picture would
look like. But we were deter-
mined, and decided to put it
together anyway.
At first, we stared at the pieces. Slowly we
arouped them by color, found the ones with the
flat edges, and built the outside frame. It was a
decade of work. Twenty-nine years later, the rest
of the pieces are starting to fit into place.
Tinnitus research has taken a subtle yet extra-
ordinary technological turn over the last two
years. Scientists are starting to think "outside the
envelope" -beyond that which has been done -
using computer models and brain imaging .
devices in combinations that hadn't been tned
before. They are looking microscopically at the
brain's role in tinnitus perception because the
answers are in there. Our research efforts are
moving forward with nine new grants ready to
review for funding. 'Treatments like TRT and
masking are being refined and used with growing
success, and pharmaceuticals are being tested by
drug companies and studied in clinics.
(Ironically, years ago, ATA had money earmarked
for research but there were few researchers to
give it to. Thday, there is an abundance of
research to fund, so much so that we have to look
for new fund raising strategies. This is a much
more desirous predicament to be in since it is far
easier to raise money than it is to find dedicated
tinnitus scientists with good ideas!)
Tinnitus prevention is a different story, and a
large part of this unfinished puzzle. It is a statisti-
cal reality that more people than ever before
have tinnitus. The percentage and the number of
people with tinnitus have grown, and we th.ink
we know why. We think it's because of the mtol-
erable yet mysteriously acceptable noise levels of
our music and sporting recreation, our work and
military environments, and our personal enter-
tainment equipment. These noisy powerhouses
are combining to deafen us early in life and ere-
ate internal noises for us to hear instead. Of
course there could be other things that have
contributed to this tinnitus epidemic, like food
additives or what's in our drinking water or cell
phones. Their long-term effects on human health
are not known. But we do know what excessively
loud noise does to the auditory system. And
knowing that, we are obligated to help people
protect their ears from it.
Here is where you come in.
When you read through this issue of Tinnitus
Tbday you will see that we're asking for your help
left and right . We want you to head to your local
movie theaters and tell the managers to turn the
volume down. If your tinnitus was the result of
an air bag deployment, we want you to consider
being part of a research study. We want you to
volunteer for committees and start self-help
groups. We want you to take our brochures
to libraries, doctors' offices, and semor centers so
others can reach us for help and support us too.
We want you to take our videos and posters to
local schools and tell second graders a thing or
two about tinnitus and how to avoid it.
Why do we ask? People with tinnitus are
without a doubt the most convincing and the
most compelling ambassadors when it comes to
teaching people unaffected by tinnitus
tinnitus. No one knows tinnitus better or w1shes
harder that it had never happened. We are
asking for your help because you are the best
ones to ask.
Your efforts and ours together are propelling
us to the resolution of tinnitus whether you take
time to answer a telephone call from a distraught
tinnitus patient or if we give money to a tinnitus
researcher. Everything we do for tinnitus moves
us towards a cure, moves us to the end of tinni-
tus, to the last puzzle piece in place, and to a
new beginning. a
NEXT ISSUE:
Stephen Nagler, M.D., tinnitus clinic
tor and ATA Board member, will report on h1s
visit to Israel and his meeting there with Dr.
Zecharya Shemesh and other Israeli tinnitus
specialists.
American Tinnitus Association Tinnitus 1bday!March 2000 5
Letters to the Editor
From time to time, we include letters
from our members about their experi-
ences with "non-traditional" treatments.
We do so in the hope that the informa-
tion offered might be helpful. Please read
these anecdotal reports carefully, consult
with your physician or medical advisor;
and decide for yourself if a given treat-
ment might be right for you. As always,
the opinions expressed are strictly those
of the letter writers and do not reflect an
opinion or endorsement by ATA.
Anxiety and Tinnitus
In "Soaring" (Dec., 1999) editor Barbara
Thbachnick Sanders describes how she overcame
her dread of turbulence while flying due to the
demystification of turbulence by an unusually
empathetic pilot. Her experience illustrates
demystification, one of the principles of Tinnitus
Retraining Therapy.
I have another example of fear-induced inten-
sification of symptoms that was relieved by
demystification by a knowledgeable professional.
I developed tinnitus and hyperacusis at the age of
53 just a few months after the onset of a panic/
anxiety disorder. The demystification was provid-
ed by the empathetic Dr. Claire Weekes in Hope
and Help for your Nerves, a wonderfully insightful
book on anxiety attacks. In a nutshell, odd but
harmless sensations arouse fear, causing adrena-
line and other hormones to surge, that in turn
cause more odd sensations. At this point, one
gets caught in a "panic circle" where one's own
fears perpetuate the frightening condition.
I wonder how many cases of tinnitus are due
to over-sensitized nerves that could be desensi-
tized by accepting the symptoms, "floating" or
relaxing past them, and letting more time pass.
I recommend Dr. Weeks' book to anyone who
believes that his or her tinnitus symptoms may
be anxiety related.
7bm Shuford
369 Paseo de Playa #601
Ventura, CA 93001
6 Tinnitus 'Thday/March ZOOO American Tinnitus Association
Neck misalignment and tinnitus
Since childhood, I've lived with curvature of
the spine. In 1995, I strained my back and devel-
oped chronic back pain to the point where I
could not bend my neck backwards. I started
physical therapy but my muscles did not respond
to treatment. And about the same time, I discov-
ered that I had TMJD (temporomandibular jaw
joint dysfunction).
Within a year, I developed tinnitus, the kind
that varies from a tone to static, and from soft to
loud. Sometimes it is accompanied by earaches
or headaches. I went to two audiologists who
tested my hearing and, finding no hearing loss,
declared that they were unable to help me.
Fortunately, I met a physical therapist who had
been in an accident in which one of her neck
vertebrae had been temporarily dislocated. She
developed tinnitus that disappeared as soon as
her neck was put back into proper alignment.
Lights began to go on and I started to wonder
about physical-mechanical causes of tinnitus.
David G. Austin, D.D.S. , M.S., who was treating
me for TMJD, suggested that I also see Douglas J.
Paul, D.C., a chiropractor who specializes in the
upper cervical spine. Dr. Austin told me that
when muscles are in spasm, "pain chemicals" can
spread to the nerves of the inner ear and cause
irritation. Because all of the nerves in the body
run through the upper cervical spine, any pres-
sure against these major nerve bundles can cause
a misfiring of the nerves sending muscles into
spasm and causing the nerves to "wither." After
two months of treatments with Dr. Paul, I looked
in the mirror and noticed that I was actually
standing up straight for the first time in my
46 years. I also began to notice the association
between my neck and my ears. If my neck is out
of alignment, my ears are noisy. After I have my
neck aligned, I notice quiet again. My experience
made me start to wonder about the many elderly
people who develop tinnitus without having been
exposed to damaging noise. Could it be posture-
related? An extremely high number of elderly
people stand in poor posture. Many also have
osteoporosis. Degeneration of the neck vertebrae,
coupled with years of poor posture, added up to
pressure on the upper cervical nerve bundles and
ultimately, for me, tinnitus.
Mary C. Meyers
1016 Portlock Dr.
Columbus, OH 43228
NEW SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEMBERS
Douglas Mattox, M.D.
Dr. Douglas Mattox, an ENT physician at
Emory University in Atlanta, GA, has worked
closely with Dr. Pawe1 Jastreboff for several
years. It is through Jastreboff that he became
familiar with ATA and the problems surrounding
tinnitus relief. Dr. Mattox spoke to us about his
new role as an ATA Scientific Advisory
Committee (SAC) member.
"The ultimate goal of ATA's Scientific Advisory
Committee is to serve as a grant review board
and to identify research projects of merit.
Mechanically, that's the goal. Philosophically, I
think our job is to attract new money and new
brains to solve the problem oftinnitus. Through
my work with Pawel Jastreboff, I've become
interested in a pharmacological approach to
Letters (continued)
New Book Offers Hope
I am a member of ATA with a serious hypera-
cusis and tinnitus problem. You who know me
also know that my life as a working R.N. and
addictions counselor for 39 years has gone away
because of these disorders. I do not understand
the lack of successful treatment for many dis-
eases. But we're trying and doing all we can.
Unfortunately, millions of us have been to profes-
sionals who've said, "Tinnitus and hyperacusis?
Learn to live with it." People are just not
infom1ed and educated and it isn't their fault.
Everyone who has tinnitus and hyperacusis is
not debilitated by the disorders. But many of us
are. Many of us are on disability and cannot
work. Many of us have lost our jobs and homes
and relationships, and feel we have no way out.
We need to know that there is hope on the hori-
zon. Because of that, I am writing in support of a
book by Carol Lee Brook, 7brtured by Sound-
Beyond Human Endurance. It is a real, honest,
humorous (if that's possible), and true story that
will give readers like me the thread of hope we
need to live because of having read it. I am very
grateful to Ms. Brook - very!
Kathy Brock, R.N., B.S., CADC
BOO 'Il..uelve Oaks Pky.
Woodstock, IL 60098-4316
815-338-2718, kbl@owc.net
tinnitus relief Currently there are some classes
of drugs that have been studied for this purpose,
but they are not yet useful. Some new drug
approaches need to be tried.
"ATA has recruited a significant amount of
money for research. As a member of the
Scientific Advisory Committee, I hope to help
ATA spend the money wisely."
Richard Tyler, Ph.D.
Dr. Rich 1Y ler is a professor
of otolaryngology and
Director of Audiology
in the Department of
Otolaryngology-Head
and Neck Surgery at The
University of Iowa, in Iowa
City. He is also a long-time
professional devotee to the
issue of tinnitus. ATA has
funded several of his tinni-
tus research projects since 1984. In 1991, Dr.
1)'ler organized and still continues to chair the
annual Tinnitus Patient Management meeting for
tinnitus professionals and patients.
Dr. 1)'ler joins ATA's Scientific Advisory
Committee and shares his thoughts on his new
role.
"I think that ATA's Scientific Advisory
Committee as a whole should try to work both
with the Board of Directors and with input from
ATA's membership to identify ways the SAC could
serve and be useful.
"It may very well be time to address ques-
tions about a cure. But since tinnitus is caused by
many different things, it could require us to find
many different kinds of cures. Fortunately, there
are a lot of good people doing good things in
many different areas of tinnitus research.
"I see ATA playing a major role, not just in
funding research, but in attracting scientists to
this field of research and in making the public
aware of the condition and the treatments there
are for it. Personally, I would like to see ATA per-
suade the government research and health care
agencies to get interested in tinnitus.
"There are lots of clever and committed peo-
ple on the Scientific Advisory Committee. And
there is a lot of good research that can be done to
help tinnitus patients. Put these things together
and you've got hope." a
American Tinnitus Association Tinnirus 7bday! March 2000 7
TOWARDS THE CURE
Research Update
by Cheryl McGinnis, ATA
Director of Research and Support
As an ATA member recently
asserted, the one thing
about the American
Tinnitus Association that
really counts is the research
function. And once
researchers discover the
answers we all seek, there
will be no need for an ATA
at all! There is eloquence and truth in such a
direct statement. The discovery of successful
Advertisement
Alliance Tinnitus and Hearing Center
Stephen M. Nagler, M.D., FAGS - Clinic Director
introduces a two-hour educational videotape
"Tinnitus: Learn to Live WithOUT It"
Thoughts on Tinnitus Retraining Therapy
This video is not merely a vision for the future,
but it discusses very practical approaches to
tinnitus treatment today. It is designed primarily
as a source of information for the tinnitus patient
and family, yet it contains material of value for
the hearing healthcare professional as well.
To purchase your copy today call
404-531-3979, visit our website: www.tinn.com,
or mail a check payable to:
Alliance T innitus and Hearing Center
980 Johnson Ferry Road, NE, Suite 760
Adanta, GA 30342
$40 plus $4 S/H (Georgia residents add sales tax)
8 Tinnitus 7bday! March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
treatments and ultimately a cure for tinnitus is
a goal shared, certainly by each individual who
has tinnitus and by the ATA. Our Scientific
Advisory Committee will meet in March, 2000,
in Portland to review research grant applications
and recommend studies for ATA funding. Watch
this Tinnitus 7bday feature for updates on pro-
jects approved for funding.
A recently completed ATA-funded research
project is summarized on the next page.
This research was funded in 1998. B
HEAR for a Lifetime
We have a simple mission regarding children:
to teach them that they have the power to hear
for a lifetime.
One way to accomplish this is by taking our
Hear for a Lifetime posters, coloring sheets,
earplugs, lesson
materials, and
20-minute videos
directly into the
classrooms. If you
are a teacher or a
willing adult who is
interested in pre-
senting this "turn it
down, walk away,
and cover your
ears" message to
second and third
graders in your local school district, please
contact us (e-mail: barbara@ata.org, or phone:
800-0634-8978 ext. 216) for this free hearing
conservation tool
Children who learn this lesson when they are
young stand the best chance of avoiding noise-
induced hearing loss and tinnitus - maybe even
for a lifetime. Please help us if you can. B
Quinine
and Its Effects
on Outer Hair
C e 11 s
by Richard Hal/worth, Ph.D., and John K. Jarboe, M.D.
The drug quinine is historically important
as one of the first anti-malarial drugs. Today its
main use is as an over-the-counter medication
for muscle cramps. Large doses of quinine have
long been known to induce a high frequency
sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo.
The vertigo is significant enough that Army pilots
have been prohibited from drinking tonic water
(which contains quinine) before flying. Usually
the symptoms are reversed by stopping quinine
intake, but this is not always the case. Quinine-
induced hearing loss and tinnitus have long been
thought to result from an effect on neurons of the
central nervous system. However, salicylic acid
(the active ingredient of aspirin) also causes hear-
ing loss and tinnitus, and we now know, from
several studies, that salicylic acid has direct
effects on one type of hair cell in the cochlea.
Given these findings, we therefore thought
that the possibility of quinine's action in the
cochlea was worth investigating. One possible
target is the outer hair cell. The cochlea contains
two kinds of hair cells, called inner and outer
hair cells. Inner hair cells convert sound informa-
tion to excitation of the auditory nerve. Outer
hair cells have a less obvious but nonetheless
very important role in hearing. They generate
force when stimulated by sound (or electrical
energy). This force provides a vital extra step of
mechanical amplification.
We used isolated outer hair cells for our
study. Each cell was held in the apparatus shown
in the illustration. The hair cell was held in a
very small glass suction pipette through which
electrical stimulation could be delivered. The cell
pushed against a fine glass fiber of known stiff-
ness. Knowing how much the fiber moved when
the cell was electrically stimulated, the force
exerted by the cell can readily be calculated. It is
normally only picoNewtons, or millionths of a
millionths of a Newton, for every thousandths of
a volt of stimulation (a Newton i.s about the force
exerted on your hand by 3.5 ounces).
When we replaced the normal solution
surrounding the cell with a quinine solution,
we found that the force nearly disappeared.
Quinine's effect on force was very similar to that
of salicylic acid, which also nearly abolishes the
force. Unlike salicylic acid, however, quinine also
caused outer hair cells to elongate. We were
unable to determine the mechanism of this elon-
gation - none of the usual suspects was involved.
While the doses of quinine used were quite high,
the cells were only exposed to quinine for min-
utes. It is quite possible that the long term effects
of quinine are very similar to what we observed.
The elongation phenomenon is particularly
intriguing, because it may lead to deformation of
the cochlea's delicate organ of Corti, which we
know would result in hearing loss, and possibly
tinnitus. This is quite apart from quinine's effects
on outer hair cell force. Our results suggest that
we must also look at the inner ear when consid-
ering quinine as an agent of hearing loss and
tinnitus. D
An isolated outer hair cell m the apparatus used to measure
force. The dark I me IS tile calibrated glctss fiber.
Richard Hallworth, Ph D., Department of
Otolaryngology-! lead and Neck Surgery, University
of Texas Health Sctence Center at San Antonio. John
K. Jarboe, M.D., Department of Otolaryngology,
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA.
American Tinnitus Association Tmmnts 'Ibday/March 2000 9
ALTERNATIVE MANAGEMENT OF TINNITUS
Part II - Herbal Remedies
by Michael D. Seidman, M.D.,FACS, Dept. of
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Co-Chair of
the Complementary! Alternative Initiative, Medical
Director-Tinnitus Center, Henry Ford Health System,
6777 W Maple Rd., W Bloomfield, Ml 48323,
Office: 248-661-7211, Lab: 313-876-1016,
E-mail: Mseidlmjk@aol.com
For more than two thousand years, herbs
have been employed in the treatment of medical
conditions. ' Combinations of Chinese herbs,
exotic fruits, plant roots, and seed oils have been
effective in the treatment of many medical
disorders. What most of these herbal treatment
regimens lack is solid medical evidence derived
from double-blind research studies. This form of
experimentation would legitimize the use of
these non-conventional treatments. However, to
the patient whose conventional treatments have
met with failure, anecdotal stories of effective
treatments are often proof enough to justifY the
use of an alternative intervention.
I encourage you to keep your doctor advised
about your use of herbal treatments, and to heed
your doctor's advice should he or she offer it.
Remember that herbs can act on the body's
systems (which is why we take them!), and that
they can interact with other herbs and with
other drugs.
Ginkgo Biloba
Ginkgo biloba leaves have been used therapeu-
tically for centuries by the Chinese for the treat-
ment of asthma and bronchitis. Ginkgo biloba was
believed at one bme to have magical powers.
Today, many feel that ginkgo has a legibmate
medicinal role. The active ingredient has been
isolated as EGB 761 and there have been many
studies related to the effecbveness with a variety
of medical disorders. It has been shown to
increase circulabon throughout the body.
Numerous studies have shown the effecbveness
of ginkgo on relieving leg cramping, decreased
circulation to the brain, and symptoms of tinni-
tus. 2TYPical dosages range from 120-160mg per
day, divided equally at mealbmes. In Western
countries, a standardized 50:1 concentrate of 24%
ginkgoflavonoids is used, either in liquid or cap-
sule form. Many studies showed that between 30-
70% of subjects had reduced symptoms over a
6-12 week period. No serious side effects were
observed for either group.
In terms of tinnitus, a study by Hobbs in 1986
proved the statistical significance of the effecbve-
1 0 Tinnitus 7bday!March 2000 Ame rican Tinnitus Association
ness of treatment '"lith ginkgo extract for tinnitus:
the ringing completely disappeared in 35% of the
patients tested, with a distinct improvement in
70 days.
3
Similarly, when 350 pabents with hear-
ing loss and tinnitus due to advanced age were
treated v.rith ginkgo extract, the success rate for
improved hearing and in many cases improved
tinnitus was 82%.
Opinions differ as to the efficacy of this
herbal remedy. While some people with tinnitus
swear by Ginkgo biloba, others claim that it has
no effect on their symptoms. We had hoped that
the question of the true value of this agent would
be answered conclusively last year when the
results of the first large-scale double-blind ran-
domized ginkgo study were published. (One thou-
sand tinnitus patients participated in this study
at Birmingham University in the U.K.) But the
results were not decisive. Despite the inconclu-
sive outcome of the study, many people with
tinnitus believe that ginkgo improves their
symptoms and will likely continue to use it.
Published studies have shown that 120 to 240
mg a day of pharmaceutical-grade ginkgo extract
can al1eviate tinnitus.
24
The most recent human
study showed that, in patients suffering from
reduced blood supply to the brain, ginkgo extract
produced a significant improvement in symptoms
of vertigo, tinnitus, headache, and forgetfulness.
The German Commission E, considered an
authoritative reference on the medicinal use of
herbs, rates ginkgo as "positive" and recommends
240 mg twice per day for tinnitus and vertigo.
One of the appealing aspects of Ginkgo biloba
with regard to the treatment of tinnitus has been
the fact that it is relatively inexpensive and has
very few side effects, such as increased risk for
nose bleeds. However, there was one report of a
woman who, after using ginkgo for two years,
developed a hemorrhage in the brain. When she
discontinued taking ginkgo, the bleeding sub-
sided. It was not possible to prove if ginkgo was
the cause. It is generally advised to not take
ginkgo with other blood thinning medications
like coumadin or heparin. Some also advocate
care when mixing aspirin with ginkgo, although
the likelihood of problems is low.
All herbal preparations are not the same. It is
clear that some of the less expensive brands of
ginkgo are less effective and produce more gas-
trointestinal upset. When patients who were tak-
ing the less expensive brands changed to more
respected brands, their gastrointestinal side
effects improved and their response was typically
better.
Black Cohosh
The popular herb, black cohosh (Cimicifuga
racemosa), has an extensive history of safe use by
Native Americans who revered it as a remedy for
a host of common ailments including fatigue, neu-
ralgia, rheumatism, sore throat, asthma, bronchial
spasms, bronchitis, and whooping cough.
6

7
Black
cohosh has been used for centuries by women to
stimulate menstrual flow, ease the strains of child-
birth, and confer relief from pre-menstrual syn-
drome and menopause. With its mildly sedative
and relaxing effect, black cohosh is used also to
treat anxiety, nervousness, and chronic tinnitus.
Some patients have reported improvement in
their tinnitus while using this herbal preparation.
There are few known health concerns regard-
ing black cohosh, but consuming large amounts
(5 grams per day) is known to cause dizziness,
vomiting, lowered blood pressure, and limb pain.
Black cohosh has traditionally been used to calm
the nervous system. It is theorized that it might
improve cerebral blood flow, providing relief from
tinnitus in some patients. The recommended
dosage ofblack cohosh for tinnitus is 20 to 40 mg
per day in liquid or powder form.
Ligustrum
Ligustrum (Ligustrum lucidum) has been
advocated by traditional herbalists for the man-
agement of tinnitus. Classically, it is considered a
powerful liver and kidney protectant and supports
adrenal function. Additional teachings suggest
that it can be used for premature graying, back
pain, dizziness, and tinnitus. The recommended
dosage is 400 mg three times per day. There are
no known side effects with the use of this herb in
the specified dosage.
Mullein
Mullein (Verbascum densiflorum) has a long
history in herbal medicine. Its botanical family
name Scrophulariaceae is derived from scrofula,
an old term for chronically swollen lymph glands,
later identified as a form of tuberculosis. Early
on, this herb gained reputation as a respiratory
remedy. Physicians from India to England touted
it as a treatment for coughs and chest congestion,
earaches, and tinnitus.
6
There has been little real research on mullein
itself, and even less study into its treatment of
tinnitus. However, some patients with severe
tinnitus claim that it is very valuable. Mullein
seems to have a slight diuretic effect and may
alleviate inflammation thereby stabilizing the
nervous system.
The dosage reported to provide relief from
tinnitus is 3 to 4 grams per day. There have been
no reports of mullein causing adverse effects,
except for mild irritation of the skin when in
contact with the living plant,? (This herb is also
available as a tea.)
Pulsatilla
Although it is recommended for certab dis-
eases of the eyes, ears, and upper respiratory
tract, and is used routinely in homoeopathy,
Anemone pulsatilla has been considered some-
what dangerous as the plant itself is poisonous.
The chief action of this medicine is as a depres-
sant on the circulatory, respiratory, and nervous
systems. An overdose of this herb may cause
slowed heart rate and respiration, decreased tem-
perature, paralysis, and death. Extended skin
contact can lead to blister formation.
The much lowered dose (in tincture form)
of A.pulsatilla is beneficial in relief of headaches
and neuralgia, and as a remedy for exhaustion.
Herbalists have used this tincture for years for
the treatment of tinnitus and have shown anec-
dotal success.
4
Lycium Fruit
Lycium fruit (Lycium barbarum or Lycium
chinense) has been used effectively in the treat-
ment of tinnitus, night blindness, dizziness, and
blurred vision. This herb is also used to treat
coughs, diabetes, back pain, impotence, and
nocturnal emission.
4
Consult with a herbalist
for dosages.
Corn us
Comus (Comus officinalis) is an example of an
alternative therapeutic intervention, which alone
does not seem to relieve the symptoms of tinni-
tus, but when used in combination with Chinese
fox glove root and Chinese yam proves to be
effective in the treatment of tinnitus, low-back
pain, and urinary frequency.
6
Preparation ofthis
combination should be done by an herbalist or
naturopathic physician. Chinese herbalists advise
against the usage of cornus in combination with
several other herbs, including platycodon, siler,
and stephania. Exercise caution when combining
comus with fox glove. The heart medication digi-
talis is a direct derivative of fox glove.
Cuscuta
The active ingredients of Cuscuta chinensis
can be found in grayish yellow seeds also known
as Chinese dodder seeds. Cuscuta seeds are used
alone and in combination with astragalus seeds
(Astragalus complanatus), in the treatment of
tinnitus, dizziness, and blurred vision.
8
Foxglove Root
Chinese Foxglove Root (Rehmannia glutinosa)
is used in the treatment of many illusive medical
conditions. This drug (which is prepared by being
cooked in wine) has been effective in treating tin-
nitus, lightheadedness, hearing loss, palpitations,
blurred vision, constipation, and insomnia.
1
The
cooked preparation is recommended over the raw
(continued)
American Tinnitus Association Tinnitus 7bday! March 2000 11
ALTERNATIVE MANAGEMENT {continued)
version for the treatment of tinnitus. Consult a
Chinese medkine practitioner regarding dosages
and combining Chinese foxglove root with other
herbal remedies.
The cooked Chinese foxglove root can distend
the abdomen, and has been associated with loose
stools. Consequently, those with digestive prob-
lems should use this medication with caution.
Caution must always be used with the prepara-
tion of foxglove, which is the origin of digitalis, as
it can affect the heart.
Alisma
Alisma (Alisma plantago-aquatica) is a plant
that has long been prescribed as a diuretic for
weak, elderly patients who cannot tolerate the
effects of the stronger conventional diuretics.
This powdery, white plant is used in the treat-
ment of tinnitus, dizziness, edema, diarrhea, and
dysentery. If you use this medication in the treat-
ment of tinnitus, discuss specific dosages and
combinations with a Chinese pharmacist or
naturopathic doctor. No health hazards are known
in conjunction with proper administration of
designated therapeutic dosages.
6
St. John's Wort, Valerian root and Kava Kava
Although none of these herbs are routinely
considered for the treatment of tinnitus, they are
worthy of mention. I have had two patients who
noted significant improvement of their tinnitus
after using St. John's Wort for three to four
weeks. 'TWo patients had improvement after
several days' use of Valerian root or Kava.
St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) has
been used for mild to moderate depression, viral
infections, and for wound healing. It functions as
an antidepressant and should not be used in con-
junction with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, anti-
depressants, or anti-seizure medications, nor
should it be taken while pregnant. The primary
side effect is photosensitivity (one needs to avoid
being in the sun). The recommended dosage is
300 mg three times a day with food.
Valerian Root (Valeriana officinalis) has been
used primarily for its ability to promote sleep.
The effects of valerian root are similar to those of
some anti-anxiety drugs. Therefore, it should not
be combined with other anxiolytics, sedatives, or
antidepressants. The primary side effects are
drowsiness, withdrawal symptoms like increased
12 Tinnitus 7bday/March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
heart rate and breathing, and cardiac complica-
tions in patients taking very high doses (530mg -
2g up to 5 times daily) over many years. The
recommended dosage: fluid extract 1-3 ml, tablets
150 - 300mg 30 minutes prior to sleep.
Kava Kava (Piper methysticum) is also an anti-
anxiety drug and helps with insomnia. In high
doses it promotes sleep and can be used as a
muscle relaxant. Kava should not be used in
patients with depression or during pregnancy or
lactation. Additionally, it should not be used for
more than three months continuously without
medical advice. The primary side effects are
drowsiness, balance disturbances, and mild
gastrointestinal upset. It should not be taken
simultaneously with central nervous system
depressants such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, or
anti-psychotics. The usual dosage is 60-120 mg
kavalactones daily.
Conclusion
Tinnitus is a significant medical problem
affecting 40-50 million Americans, with 12 mil-
lion being severely affected. Once a thorough
evaluation has been performed by a qualified
otolaryngologist, and no life-threatening condition
has been identified, the opportunity for treatment
still exists. Treatment options are extensive and
range from approved protocols such as masking
and TRT to anecdotal remedies such as those pre-
sented here. While tinnitus may not miraculously
disappear with any of these therapies, many of
these options can help to make the tinnitus more
manageable. m
REFERENCES
1. Rudolph, Fritz, Weiss, editors. Herbal Medicine,
Beaconsfield Publishers, LTD, Beaconsfield, England, 1998.
2. Holgers K.M, Axelsson A, Pringle: Ginkgo Biloba Extract
for the neatment of Tinnitus, Audiology, 1994; 33(2):
85-92.
3. Hobbs, Christopher: Ginkgo Elixir of Youth, Botanica
Press, 1991; 50-51.
4. Blumenthal, Busse, Goldberg, editors: The Complete
German Commision E Monographs, Integrative Medicine
Communications, Boston, Massachusetts, 1998.
5. Wedel H, Calero L, Walger M: Soft-Laser/ Ginkgo Therapy
in Chronic Tinnitus, Adv Otorhinola.ryngol, 1995; 49: 105-
108.
6. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Phillipson JD, editors: Herbal
Medicines, A Guide for Health-Care Professionals, The
Pharmaceutical Press, London, England, 1996.
7. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C, editors, Physicians'
Desk Reference for Herbal Medicine, 1st Edition, Medical
Economics Company, Inc, 1998.
8. OnHealth Network Company, Copyright 1999,
www.alt. trt.com.
Support Network Volunteers
by Cheryl McGinnis, ATA Director of Research and Support
The ATA Support Network involves many
volunteers who share their telephone numbers,
addresses, or as in the case with group leaders,
their meeting sites. These volunteers know the
frustrations of tinnitus either because they expe-
rience it themselves, have a loved one who
experiences it, or they treat patients who have
it. Each has heard what has helped other people
with tinnitus and what has not. They know they
can help lessen the burden for someone else by
being available, by listening without judgment,
and by relating to the effects of tinnitus.
Lorraine Cramer, long-time ATA volunteer,
started the Tinnitus/Meniere's Pen-pal Support
Network soon after she was diagnosed with
Meniere's disease in 1991. She recalls an over-
whelming need to find someone who understood
firsthand the effects that this disorder had on her
everyday life. There were no self-help groups in
her area, so she contacted the American Tinnitus
Association with the idea of starting a pen-pal
group for others who did not live near a support
group or who could not attend meetings.
New Self-Help Groups:
Jim Henry, Ph.D.
VA Medical Center (R&D -
NCRAR)
P.O. Box 1034
Portland, OR 97207
Contact: Barbara
Thmbleson
(503) 220-8262 x57991
Lori Sweers
184 Ponderosa Circle
Parachute, CO 81635
(970) 285-6582
sweers@mail2.gj.net
Jerry Willd nson
38 E. Beach Road
Thvernier, FL 33070
(305) 852-1620
e-mail:
jeny142@terranova.net
New letter and
telephone volunteers:
Ollie Beverly
P.O. Box 1542
Livingston, TX 77351
(409) 967-3178
Mark Gooden
82 N. Linwood
Somerset, KY 42501
(606) 678-0980
'lbdd Greeneway
(920) 831-8766
George Kelly
1622 Winton Avenue
Havertown, PA 19083
letters only please
Bob Lewi cki
P.O. Box 723
Blue Jay, CA 92317
(909) 337-8202
Catherine Magnusen
9720 County K
Brussels, WJ 54204
(9 20) 825-1263
Robert Reynolds
19117 Sotogrande Drive
Pflugerville, TX 78660
letters only please
John Rhodes
3665 Blair Street
Corona, CA 92879
(909) 279-7934
e-mail: jbsilas@webtv.net
Frank Weaver
14810 Santarosa
Detroit, MI 48238
(313) 861-8190
Mirtha Wincel e
1344 Bayview Circle
Weston, FL 33326
(954) 389-0881
Lorraine considers her commitment to the
network - now 300 + strong - to be a lifelong
endeavor. Over the years, she's made many
changes to the membership list. This year, she
has added the "join date" to each pen pal on the
listing and, at the request of the newer members,
e-mail addresses. You can contact Lorraine via
e-mail: LCherkal@tampabay.rr.com, or by
regular mail:
Lorraine Cramer
434 Lewis Boulevard SE
St. Petersburg, FL 33705
Please include your name, address, e-mail
address, age, hobbies, interests, details on your
experience with tinnitus or Meniere's disease
(length of time, etc.), treatment you've
tried (medications, herbal remedies, copmg.
techniques, etc.), and pen pal preferences (like
certain occupations or gender). If you wish to
participate, send $5 to Lorraine to cover the
mailing and printing costs.
We welcome the new year, the new millen-
num, and our new Support Network volunteers!
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For a f ree CD or for more information call:
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American Tinnitus Association Tinnitus Thday/ March 2000 13
An International View THE 6TJ
Ross Coles
by Dr. Ross Coles,
Nottingham, UK
I
n the last two decades,
the International
Tinnitus Seminars have
been the main forums for
presenting new research
material and for providing
tinnitus professionals a
place to meet. There have
now been six seminars, held at four-year inter-
vals. With the increasing number of research
papers offered, the seminars need to be held
more frequently. The next will be held in three
years in Fremantle, Australia, in 2002.
The most recent seminar in Cambridge UK
filled four full days and offered 91 papers 44
poster displays to 240 participants from 28 coun-
tries! The vast majority of the seminar's organiza-
tion was carried out by Jonathan Hazell
and Hyperacusis Centre, London, UK)
and h1s staff, together with administrative sup-
port from the British Society of Audiology.
Professor Richard zyler (University of Iowa,
USA) gave a special lecture on the placebo effect
and why it makes clinical trials in tinnitus so
difficult. He commented that this could also
become a treatment in itself, perhaps to be called
"patient expectation nurturing."
Another special lecture was given by Guest of
Honor Professor Alf Ax.elsson from Gothenburg,
Sweden. He asked us to consider carefully
whether we could trust claims of high success
that were based solely on uncontrolled trials. A
disorder such as tinnitus, whose presence and
severity cannot even be objectively demonstrated
and measured, is particularly prone to the pow-
ers of suggestion and placebo effect.
A particularly interesting and promising area
is the use of new imaging techniques such as
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI),
and positron emission tomography (PET). These
are already providing valuable information on
the areas of the brain involved in detection, per-
ception, and evaluation of tinnitus and reaction
to it. Eventually these techniques will become
less expensive and more widely available and
will become very important tools for tinnitus
research and possibly for clinical and legal
assessments. Also very exciting were the findings
of the various neurophysiological models of
14 Tinnitus 7bday/ March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
tinnitus-related activity in the ear, nerve, and
auditory tracts in the brain and their connections.
These are helping to map the parts of the brain
that are involved in tinnitus, providing neuro-
pharmacological clues on possible future research
towards the "tinnitus pill."
One of the sessions was
devoted to tinnitus retrain-
ing therapy, TRT, with
invited papers from three
exponents of it, Pawel
Jastreboff (Atlanta,
Georgia) and Jonathan
Hazell and Catherene
McKinney (London, UK).
A more neutral stance was
1
''"
1
taken by James Hall III
A 1 Axe sson h ill
(Nas v e, 'Tennessee). He
uses TRT for his patients, but interestingly noted
that 72% of them were satisfied with a single in-
depth counseling session.
A major issue at the Seminar was whether
TRI' offers anything better or is even as good as
cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The answer
seems to be that both of these therapies, when
skilfully carried out, can substantially improve
most cases of troublesome tinnitus. Moreover, the
two treatments have much in common, in partic-
ular the detection and correction of false concep-
tions and attitudes.
J
astreboffs neurophysiological model ofhear-
ing, and its application to tinnitus, is probably
largely correct. On the other hand, I heard
nothing at the Seminar, nor anywhere else, that
Jonathan Hazell
justifies the statement that
it is essential to TRT's suc-
cess to base its counseling
strictly on the model. It is
quite likely that equally
good results could be
obtained with skilled,
authoritative, and expecta-
tion-inducing counseling
using some other plausible
theory explaining how
lasting physical changes
for the better can result
from it. There is also no experimental justifica-
tion for the rejection of tinnitus masking and
other coping strategies, either in their own right
or as an adjunct to TRT. Following the thoughts
given to us by Rich zyler and Alf Axelsson, one
wonders if the results reported for TRT, all in
INTERNATIONAL TINNITUS SEMINAR
uncontrolled studies, are the results of heightened
expectation, together with an authoritative expla-
nation of tinnitus mechanism and reassurance as
to its essential harmlessness.
T
he other component of TRT is sound therapy.
As reported by Catherene McKinney, 70% of
the patients had good or excellent results with
TRT in a clinical trial. However, there was no sta-
tistically significant difference between those who
received only TRT counseling and those who
received TRT counseling plus sound therapy.
Thus, directive counseling appears to be the
only bit of TRT for which there is evidence of
effectiveness. It seems to be less sophisticated and
less well researched than CBT. The papers on CBT
Pawel Jastreboff. Ph.D.,
Sc.D.
by Jane Henry and Peter
Wilson (Sydney and
Adelaide, Australia) and by
Gerhard Anderssor and
Leif Lyttkens (Uppsala,
Sweden) were much more
impressive in this respect.
In spite of these doubts
about the details of TRT, it
appears that many patients
are helped greatly by it.
This has been an important
contribution. In the UK,
our tinnitus services have much improved with
the advent of TRT, and TRT-related managements
or neurophysiologically-based managements
(NBM) as these have been termed by the British
Tinnitus Association. Interestingly, a survey of
tinnitus services used in UK has recently been
carried out by the National Tinnitus Helpline run
by the Royal National Institute for Deaf People.
Responses were received from 187 hospitals. Of
these, 82% carried out some form ofTRT or NBM.
(Six percent use TRT only, 57% use NBM only,
and 20% use both TRT and NBM.)
Jastreboff and Hazell, who developed TRT,
have done a great service for people with tinnitus
by developing the treatment, encouraging greater
professional understanding of tinnitus, and pro-
viding a better organization and content of coun-
seling therapy. But other methods of treatment,
including cognitive behavioral therapy and other
forms of counseling or TRT-like management, are
equally good and sometimes less costly.
The recently formed International Tinnitus
and Hyperacusis Society has now assumed the
role of determining the site, date, and organizer of
future international tim1itus seminars. Because of
the ever-increasing volume of research, it is
envisaged that the International Tinnitus
Seminars will be held even more frequently after
the 7th seminar in 2002. There> will also be small-
er annual tinnitus meetings, in association with
other conferences such as those held by the
Association for Research in Otolaryngology and
by the European Federation of Audiological
Societies. This increase in tinnitus research and
scientific meetings is good news for all of us who
treat or who are affected by tinnitus.
Readers can purchase a. copy of the Proceedings of
the 6th International Tinnitus Seminar from The
Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Centre, 32 Devonshire
Place, London WlN lPE, United Kingdom,
www. tinnitus. org.
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Relieves Stress Portable
Induces Sleep Money-Back Guarantee
"The Tinnitus Relief System has
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and a period of relaxation I have
not received from other sources:'
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"Mhough there is no cure for
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For a free CD or for more information call:
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American Tinnitus Association Tinnitus 70day/ March 2000 15
Thank You Members and Donors!
By Jessica Allen, ATA Director of Resource Development
Dear Members,
Your response to our annual campaign
has overwhelmed us all. On behalf of
the Board of Directors and staff of ATA
please accept our sincere gratitude.
Your combined gifts have given us over
$100, 000 toward our new member
recruitment and tinnitus awareness
campaigns.
This funding allows us to begin print and
media campaigns in several major cities starting
in February encouraging interest and new
member enrollment in ATA. The ATA Web site
will also see a revision making it more user
friendly with more frequent updates. You can
expect to see changes to our Web site
(www.ata.org) by this June.
All of this means increased public awareness,
more scientific research, and more relief to those
experiencing tinnitus. Thank you, again. Your
support is making this h a p p ~ n .
The American Tinnitus Association has also
been blessed with some significant donations.
We will begin honoring these wonderful humani-
tarians in this issue of Tinnitus Tbday.
Ann Spencer Simon
(June 13, 1918- December 10, 1999)
Ann Spencer Simon ofThcson, Arizona, who
had tinnitus, has generously gifted ATA with the
sum of $100,000. Ann became a member of ATA
in 1993. Ann was an accomplished artist and will
be remembered for her paintings depicting whim-
sical satires on the foibles of modem life. Her
unique style reflected her interest in politics and
the events of the time. Ann's own words tended
to match the vitality of her paintings, as she is
quoted as saying, "When my sense of outrage is
stirred by bigotry, hypocrisy, smugness or greed,
I do what comes naturally - which is skewer the
enemy with a paint brush."
Ann was the youngest daughter of Robert
Spencer and Margaret Fulton Spencer. Robert
Spencer was a highly regarded impressionist
16 Tinnitus Thday! March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
painter, and his works are displayed in cities such
as New York City, Buffalo, Pittsfield, and New
Hope. Margaret Fulton Spencer was the first
woman architect to graduate from MIT, and she
was also an accomplished painter. After the death
of Robert Spencer, Margaret Fulton Spencer and
her children moved to 1\.1cson and purchased sev-
eral acres ofland where she designed and built
the Rancho de las Lomas ranch. The ranch is still
owned by the family, and Ann returned to
Rancho de las Lomas for the last years of her life.
Ann studied art in Paris and at the Art
Student's League in New York. She lived in many
places during her life: New Hope, Paris, New
York City, Santa Barbara, Carmel, and Thcson.
During her life, Ann's paintings were displayed in
several galleries and she was identified in Who's
Who of American Painting.
Ann was predeceased by her husband, Louis
Simon, and is not survived by any children. Ann
is survived by a niece. We convey our sympathy
to her niece and gratitude to her estate for this
thoughtful and generous bequest. II
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TINNITUS CAUSED BY SUDDEN, INTENSE
CHANGES IN AIR PRESSURE
by Mary B. Meikle, Ph.D., and Susan E. Griest, MPH,
Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Health Sciences
University and VA National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory
Research, Portland, OR
T
innitus severe enough to require clinical
attention can be caused by many things,
including damaging levels of sound, head
injury, various illnesses, ear diseases or trauma,
and other less common causes. One of the most
interesting and unusual causes for tinnitus is
barotrauma - damage to the ear caused by large,
abrupt changes in the air pressure surrounding
an individual.
Normally the air pressure within the middle
ear (the space enclosed by the ear drum) is
equalized to the outside air pressure whenever
the Eustachian tube opens (such as when we
yawn, or when our ears "pop"). But sometimes
equalization cannot occur, causing pain, feeling
of intense pressure, and sometimes bleeding or
rupture of the eardrum. Hearing damage and/ or
tinnitus may then result.
T
he Tinnitus Data Registry (a collection of data
obtained over many years from patients at
the Tinnitus Clinic of the Oregon Health
Sciences University in Portland, Oregon) enables
us to study tinnitus caused by barotrauma.
Although barotrauma is a relatively rare cause for
tinnitus, the Registry now includes data from sev-
eral thousand patients and provides a number of
barotrauma cases. We found a total of 17 patients
(about 7/10 of 1%) who reported barotrauma as
the cause of their tinnitus.
Nearly all of the barotrauma patients reported
that their tinnitus started suddenly - seven of
them during scuba diving, five of them in air-
planes, one in a submarine, and four during
other types of pressure changes. One of those
four was working inside a ventilation duct when
the exit ports suddenly snapped shut, causing an
instant pressure drop. Another was working with
a high-pressure air hose when he lost control of
it, releasing a blast of pressurized air into his
nose and Eustachian tubes. Nearly all of the baro-
trauma patients felt immediate loss of hearing as
well as intense pressure and pain.
In many ways, the barotrauma group is quite
similar to the overall Clinic group who have not
undergone barotrauma. For example, barotrauma
patients exhibit fairly high-pitched tinnitus
(ranging from a low of 2,800 Hz to a high of
12,000 Hz), similar to the overall group of
patients where tinnitus below 2,500 Hz is rare.
Likewise, hearing varies greatly among the baro-
trauma patients, some having excellent hearing
while others show extensive hearing losses. The
tinnitus is usually localized to the poorer-hearing
ear in both the barotrauma group and the overall
Clinic population. When tested with a standard
band of masking noise supplied by a tinnitus
synthesizer, effective masking was obtained in
94% of the barotrauma group (about the same
percentage as in the overall Clinic population).
T
here are, however, some intriguing differ-
ences between the barotrauma patients and
the other patients. While the majority of non-
barotrauma patients experience tinnitus consist-
ing of only one sound, 70% of the barotrauma
group experience tinnitus that is quite complex,
consisting of a number of different sounds.
Secondly, whereas more patients in the overall
Clinic group report tinnitus worse on the left, the
barotrauma group includes more people with tin-
nihls worse on the right (52% as opposed to 32%
in the overall group). A small percentage of
patients in each group reported tinnitus localized
11
in the head."
Most patients in the barotrauma group did
not seek treatment for their tinnitus immediate-
ly, perhaps hoping that the tinnitus would go
away on its own. As a result, the condition of the
middle or inner ear immediately following baro-
trauma was unknown in most. However, in two
cases the eardrum showed signs of tearing
immediately post-trauma, and in another case
surgical repair for perilymph fistula had been
done. Only three patients in the barotrauma
group reported a problem with dizziness, indicat-
ing that barotrauma affected mainly the auditory
portion of the inner ear, leaving the nearby
vestibular (balance) mechanisms intact.
Although barotrauma is an uncommon cause
for tinnitus, it is clear that it can cause significant
distress. We hope that our observations may
prove helpful to those involved in research or
therapy concerned with the damaging effects of
barotrauma upon the ear. II
American Tinnitus Association Tinnitus Thday/ March 2000 17
And the Winner Is

by Rachel D. Wray, ATA Director of Advocacy and
Information & Resources
I
t's Oscar time! Every year in March, gowns are
chosen, tuxes are cleaned, and the Hollywood
glitterati begin preparing gushing acceptance
speeches thanking everyone from elementary
school teachers to the guy on the corner. Sappy
speeches aside, if you're like me, you'll hunker
down later this month with friends and a big
bowl of popcorn, staying glued to the television
from best supporting actress to best picture.
And maybe you'll idly wish that an award, or
perhaps a harsh fine, were given to the loudest
picture. Certainly there'd be a lot of contenders.
One of the many complaints we receive here
at ATA is how movies have gotten consistently
louder. Armageddon, for example, reached 120 dB
(decibels) when it played in the theatres a few
summers ago, and action-packed movies like it
are often measured near 110 dB during climactic
scenes. When Phantom Menace opened last sum-
mer, one theatre in Oregon held a ''blast your
ears" showing, promising extra-loud volume for
those fans who wanted to feel the so-called rush
of truly surround sound. Many of you, however,
aren't fans of that kind of movie experience. You
know that exposure to high noise levels can con-
tribute to eventual hearing loss and/ or tinnitus-
especially if the exposure is for more than a few
minutes-or exacerbate existing hearing prob-
lems. Still, the trend has been established.
Since breakthroughs in multichannel digital
technology in 1987, movie sound has become a
significant industry, as much a part of the filming
process as camerawork. Director/producer
George Lucas stresses this point: "Sound is 50
percent of the motion picture experience."
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Currently, three multichannel digi-
~ tal audio formats are used in
commercial theatres: Dolby
Digital, DTS (Digital
Theater Systems) Digital
Sound, and Sony Dynamic
Digital Sound (SDSS) .
Digital sound produces
higher and cleaner
peaks of sound
18 Tinnitus '10day/ March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
levels-often five times greater than the same
soundtrack offered in the more traditional analog
audio.
From a technological standpoint, this is all
very well and good. But from a hearing conserva-
tion perspective, the advent of digital audio was
problematic because for many, it turned a seem-
ingly enjoyable activity-movie watching-into
an uncomfortable, often painful event. Because of
loud movie volumes, many of you walk out when
previews open with seemingly off-the-charts
volume. Some of you don't bother to go at all,
preferring to wait until films are released on
video so that you can control the volume at home
with your remote.
G
ntrol, however, is often yours at your local
ineplex, even if you don't know it. At ATA,
ur tinnitus education and prevention pro-
grams focus on how much control you do have
as a listener, as a citizen, and as a consumer. Put
another way, you vote by where and how you
spend your money and your time. The movie
theatre industry is like many others, where the
customer is nearly always right. Plus, in an
industry made more competitive by video stores
and satellite dishes, most theatre chains want to
provide exceptional service. Accordingly, most
movie theatre representatives maintain that they
respond to customers' requests and complaints by
turning the volume down. In some cases, even
one complaint is enough to lower the sound.
So when you object, for instance, to managers
at Regal Cinemas, the largest theatre chain in the
country, or United Artists Theatre Circuit, the
managers respond by setting the movies' audio
fader-volume in hi-fi speak-below the studio's
calibration setting. The calibration setting is
simply the volume recommended by the movie
studio for best listening. When theatres use the
recommended calibration setting, they are play-
ing back the film exactly as the director intended.
When they don't, parts of the movie, like dia-
logue, are harder to understand, prompting still
more complaints from the audience. What's a
theatre manager to do?
A glut of negative newspaper and magazines
articles on movie volumes have been published
over the last few years, and theatre owners are
undoubtedly sensitive to the complaints. Even
industry mouthpieces like Variety and The
Hollywood Reporter have asked how loud is too
loud. Sound engineering conferences held sym-
posiums on the contentious issue and suggested
earplugs for sound engineers who mixed the
soundtracks. Studios eventually considered the
backlash from consumers and the media, and
internal task forces have been developed to
decide how to best employ the latest sound
advances. "People were abusing the technology,"
Ioan Allen, vice president of Dolby Industries
Inc., says. "Most directors are fairly sensible," he
begins, then trails off before adding, "It got
annoying but not medically dangerous."
T
his annoyance has not yet led to industry-
wide agreement on how loud movies should
be, especially since different types of movies
might require different volumes. But the various
players did agree on one thing: the previews are
just too noisy, reaching peaks that are as much as
10 dB louder (10 times louder!) than the feature
presentations. The loud previews, called trailers,
prompted the most complaints from consumers,
but when theatre managers responded by turning
down the audio faders, the feature presentations
suffered by no longer being set to the appropriate
calibration setting. Because patrons go to the
movies to see the feature presentations and not
the trailers, it was the latter that had to change.
Eventually, the Trailer Audio Standards
Association was formed, led by loan Allen, who
serves as technical chairman. This task force,
with members from all facets of the movie and
sound engineering industries, adopted standards
that went into effect in June 1999, mandating
that trailer volumes cannot exceed 87 dB-Leg.
"Leg" refers to the loudness over time-or, in
engineering language, "the level of a steady-state
tone with the equivalent level in terms of poten-
tial hearing damage as a level time-variant
signal." (You should see the formula that accom-
panies this definition!) Tf trailers exceed this
maximum level, they are not approved by the
Motion Picture Association of America and there-
fore cannot be shown in movie theatres.
Because trailer volumes are now more closely
aligned with the volumes of feature presenta-
tions, a National Association of Theatre Owners
representative explains, volume complaints in
theatres have been reduced. If you haven't been
to the movies in a while, you hopefully will
notice a difference. But this is not to say that
some movies are no longer too loud. While most
feature presentations are calibrated between 70
and 85 dB, there are still peaks of excess noise as
loud as 110 dB. Those high-decibel peaks are usu-
ally not sustained for more than a few moments,
which many audiologists say is acceptable for
most people's ears. Acceptable, however, doesn't
always equal good. While most people might not
feel long-term effects from exposure, the occa-
sional person will suffer ear damage. And people
with existing hearing problems will be the most
uncomfortable, often choosing to forgo movies,
an activity they previously enjoyed.
Perhaps that person is you. If so, instead of
changing your Saturday matinee plans, speak up
in movie theatres. Understand that as a con-
sumer, you have the right to express your con-
cerns. Chances are, most theatre managers will
respond accordingly by accommodating your
request for lower volume- except now, they
won't have to lower the volume quite as much as
they did in the past. Also understand that the
industry is trying to meet the needs of many peo-
ple, and some progress has already been made
and should be commended. Another option is to
choose pictures earlier in the day, when the
volume is less intense; films shown later in the
evening, when a younger crowd attends, are
usually louder. (Changing that generational
predilection is a subject for another column.)
And just in case, have a spare pair of earplugs in
your pocket. While you have more power than
you think, you can't control everything. H
Resource:
National Association of Theatre Owners
4605 Lankershim Boulevard, Suite 340
North Hollywood, CA 91602-1891
Phone: (818) 506-1 778
Fax: (818) 506-0269
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.. ------ -----------
American Tinnitus Association Tinnitus Thday/ March 2000 19
Banjoistically
YOURS
A Musician Copes
with Tinnitus
by Rik LoveladYt Ph.D., Th.M.
In the midst of a successful career as an
English professor and part-time musician, in the
fall of 1995 I experienced a severe sound shock
in my recording studio. I had just gotten a new,
powerful microphone. And in my haste to try
it out, without turning down the mixer volume,
I received a high-pitched, devastating sound blast
from the speakers.
With continuous ringing in my ears, I sought
out a local ENT for possible treatment. After
examining me, he chuckled (inexcusably) and
told me that I had tinnitus with recruitment and
a high-frequency loss. Then he fitted me with
custom, protective earplugs and told me to
not listen to loud noises.
In desperation I sought further consulta-
tion with another ENT who took my plight seri-
ously, but the pronouncement was the same. I
was having difficulty tolerating noises that ranged
from the clinking of a glass to musical presenta-
tions in church. But most painfully, my musical
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20 Tinnitus 1bday! March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
and recording activities were all but curtailed,
and I thought that music, for me, was over.
At that time I had been developing some
expertise as a jazz banjoist - you know,
Dixieland and Roaring 'TWenties fare. That kind of
percussive string music can be quite penetrating.
So I practiced and performed a bit with the
earplugs (ER-15 and ER-25 attenuators, molded by
Etymotic Research), but I never
.fi. heard the full, bright sound of the
~ wonderful banjos I was playing. (I
have five of them.)
It had been the assertive, ringing
sound of the banjo that first attracted
me to the instrument, and now being
deprived of its natural sound, I felt
aesthetically cheated. I was hearing a
dull, thud-like, choppier sound instead.
I wanted to take a chance and play with-
out earplugs. But the prospect of aban-
doning the earplugs led to a fear that the
banjo's volume, timbre, and pitch in
combination would further exacer-
bate my tinnitus. I decided on a
brief test with single notes.
At first it was a shock, but I
gradually built up a tolera-
tion level. Then I moved
progressively to the chords
and melody and even
beyond that, to rapid strum-
ming. Within a month, I was
back to playing with Dixieland
bands. Since that time I have
been able to record two of my own
banjo CDs and solo at large events all over the
country. 1b top it off, I am now a director of the
Fretted Guild of America, which preserves and
promotes the instrument and style of music for
which it is known, additionally funding projects
to enable young people to acquire and play these
instruments.
In my ears I still have a ringing sensation
that sounds like the whine of electric power lines
that one sometimes hears along a country road.
Playing my string instruments or listening to
music in the studio or in the concert hall tends to
excite the damaged nerve endings in my ears.
Most of the time I choose to ignore the sensation
by concentrating in other matters. And with a
rest from intense sound activity for a couple of
days
1
the higher level of ringing subsides.
Of course this procedure might not work for
everyone. But simply by exploring the possibility
of doing something that was very dear to me, I
was able to renew my personal contribution to
the lives of many other people, bringing smiles to
faces through the joyous sound of the banjo, even
while my ears are still ringing. II
MAKE YOUR MARK
A CALL FOR COMMITTEE VOLUNTEERS!
The time commitment is minimal.
The monthly meetings are held via
telephone. Your ideas are needed!
We are currently recruiting for the
following committees:
Human Resources Committee
We are in need! If you have a background or
an interest in developing board operating stan-
dards and proposing staff personnel policies,
please consider serving on this committee.
Program Committee
If you are interested in proposing guidelines
and developing recommendations for the
Information & Resources program, support
groups, Tinnitus Tbday, and the research grant
awards process, let us know.
Finance Committee
If finance is your game, then this committee
would like your name. This committee reviews
and proposes investment policies and fiscal
procedures.
Resource Development Committee
Do you have great (or even good) fund raising
ideas? Do you enjoy public relations? Consider
joining this committee and we'll even throw in
enrollment and retention of members!
Complete the application below and forward
it to Laura Grimes at the ATA office.
AMERICAN TINNITUS ASSOCIATION BOARD COMMITTEE APPLICATION
AMERICAN
TINNITUS
ASSOCIATION
P.O. Box 5
Portland, OR 97207
503/ 248-9985
800/ 634-8978
Name:
Address:
Telephone: (Daytime) (Evening)
Fax:
E-mail:
Thank you for your interest in serving on an American Tinnitus Association Board
Committee. Please indicate on which committee you would prefer to serve:
0 Business 0 Human Resources 0 Resource Development 0 Program
Please identify any skills, knowledge, or contacts that you bring to ATA.
Signature: Date:
Please return this completed form to Laura Grimes at the ATA office. You may photo-
copy the form if you need more. Feel free to attach additional pages, your resume, or
any materials you feel would be helpful.
Ame rican Tinnitus Association Tinnints 'Ibday/March 2000 21
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Jock Vernon's Personal Responses to Questions from our Readers
by Jack A. Vernon, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, Oregon
Health Sciences University
Q
Mrs. S. from Texas
indicates that she
has two cochlear
implants which she had
hoped would not only pro-
vide hearing but also tinni-
tus relief. She describes
her tinnitus as a head
noise that is something of
a "musical roaring." She
reports that her hearing
has improved but her
tinnitus has not.
A
Fully 90% of the patients implanted with
cochlear implants obtain tinnitus relief
from the stimulation provided by that
instrument. Recently we reported that a patient
in Israel with a cochlear implant got tinnitus
reliefby playing masking sounds into his
implant. The masking sounds were those provid-
ed from the Moses/ Lang CD (available from the
Oregon Hearing Research Center, 503-494-8032).
Thus, we first recommend that you try masking
through your implants with the Moses/ Lang CD
masking sounds. Since describing the success
with the patient in Israel, a cochlear implant
patient in California tried similar masking but
without any success. The fact that the large
majority of cochlear implanted patients get relief
from their tinnitus by action of the implant
strongly suggests that there is a need to study the
effect of electrical stimulation upon tinnitus.
Q
Mr. J. in Il1inois indicates that he has a
totaJ hearing loss in his left ear that came
on very suddenly with violent vertigo. He
is now left with severe tinnitus in that ear. Some
of the physicians he has seen recommend a sur-
gical labyrinthectomy while others have suggest-
ed injecting gentamicin into the left inner ear. He
feels that he has little to lose by destructive pro-
cedures but he wonders if his tinnitus will be
effected by the surgery.
A
Unfortunately destruction of the inner ear
labyrinths does not guarantee the end of
your tinnitus. There are many cases where
the tinnitus persisted after the hearing nerve was
sectioned (or cut). It appears that once tinnitus
has been on-going for a period of time, it
becomes established somewhere in the brain and
22 Tinnitus Thday/ March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
sectioning peripheral nerves will have no effect
upon it. Before you do anything, I would suggest
that you try masking the left ear by introducing
the masking sound to the right ear. There are four
places in the brain where both ears are directly
connected together, at least by way of nerve path-
ways. Often masking on one side can affect the
tinnitus on the other side. You could try the gen-
tamicin injections (which can cause hearing loss)
or medications lil<e Xanax, Nortriptyline, and
ginkgo. I would recommend almost any treatment
over destruction of your left ear.
This next case involves a series of exchanges
rather that the usual single question and answer.
Q
Mr. C. in Canada asks, "Why is it that mod-
erate sounds produce pain in my ear?"
A
Are you using the word pain to emphasize
the discomfort you feel? Or do you mean
real physical pain?
Q r mean real physical pain, in the extreme.
A
Is the pain restricted to the ear or could it
actually be facial pain that is then referred
to the ear? We sometimes see the reverse
situation where ear pain is referred to the facial
region.
Q
I'm not sure. All can say is that the pain
feels lil<e it is in the ear and loud sound
produces it. For example, the sound of
clanging dishes in my restaurant has all but
driven me out ofbusiness.
Why is this happening?
A
Let's assume that the pain is in the middle
ear and that it is produced by sound. The
most J ikely candidate as the source of the
pain is the tympanic membrane (or eardrum).
Middle ear infections can cause pressure against
the eardrum that can in turn produce severe pain.
Q
If the eardrum is the cause of my problem,
what can be done about it? Do I have to
avoid all opportunity for exposure to mod-
erate and loud sounds?
A
No. We first have to determine if the
eardrum is the lil<ely cause. I suggest that
you go to an otologist and request that your
eardrum be locally anesthetized. The usual proce-
dure to do this is to inject the ear canal in three
different sites. However, this procedure is very
painful. I suggest that you instead request that
your eardrum be anesthetized painlessly by
iontophoresis.
Q
I will certainly do this. But what is
iontophoresis?
A
Iontophoresis is the technique of driving
chemicals through the skin by electrical
stimulation. One direct current electrode is
placed in an anesthetic solution, such as lido-
caine, then placed in your ear canal. The other
electrode is placed on your upper arm to com-
plete the circuit. The positive direct current will
send the positive ions of the solution through the
eardrum and thus anesthesize it. While your
eardrum is anesthetized, return to your restau-
rant and determine if the clanging dishes pro-
duces pain for you. You will have about two
hours of anesthesia.
Q
1 did it!! And I did not experience any
pain as long as the anesthesia was effec-
tive. After about three hours, I was once
again experienced pain from loud sounds. Does
this prove that my eardrum is responsible for the
pain? I imagine that I cannot have constant anes-
thesia in my eardrum.
Air Bag/Tinnitus Study Underway
How You Can Help
Kathleen Yaremchuk, M.D., at the
Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, is heading
a research project to analyze the hearing
damage caused by air bag deployment.
Yaremchuk's team is distributing question-
naires to people who believe that their
hearing loss, tinnitus, and/ or hyperacusis
was caused by deploying air bags. (Hearing
loss is not always noticed by the patient
even when it is present. A hearing test is
recommended after exposure to an air bag
deployment.)
If you qualify and are interested in
participating in the study, please contact
Dr. Yaremchuk at:
Henry Ford Hospital
Dept of Otolaryngology / HNS
2799 W Grand Blvd.
Detroit, MI 48202
phone: 313-916-3282
fax: 313-982-7263
email : kyaremc1@hfhs.org
A
I think the anesthesia demonstration clear-
ly points to your eardrum as the cause of
the pain, although I do not know why it
reacts to sound in this manner. Strange as this
might sound, the solution might be for you to get
a new grafted eardrum. Ask your otologist if this
procedure can be done for you. This procedure is
commonly performed for patients who, for one
reason or another, do not have eardrums.
Three months later, Mr. C. reported that he
had a new eardrum and that he no longer experi-
enced pain when in the presence of loud sounds.
Hearing tests revealed that he had lost very
little hearing due to the transplant. He also
reported that thankfully he did not have to sell
his restaurant.
Notice: Many of you have left messages requesting
that I phone you. I simply cannot afford to meet
those requests. Please feel free to call me on any
Wednesday, 9 a.m. - noon and 1 - 5 p.m. PST
(503/494-2187). Or mail your questions to:
Dr. Vernon c/o Tinnitus Thday, American Tinnitus
Association, P.O. Box 5, Portland, OR 97207-0005.
Pass Them On
ATA's new ''first contact" information
brochure about tinnitus and ATA
To doctors:
These brochures enable your patients to write
or call us - at no charge - for tinnitus informa-
tion and resources.
To ATA members:
These brochures are ideal for
placement in libraries, doctor's
offices, pharmacies, hospital wait-
ing rooms, and senior centers.
(Contact the places you have in
mind first and obtain permission
to distribute.) This will help
thousands of people reach us for
tinnitus information and for the
names of doctors, audiologists,
and other health care providers
who specialize in treating
tinnitus patients.
If you would like 100 free
brochures to distribute,
please send us your name,
street address, e-mail address (if you
have one), and phone number. B
American Tinnitus Association Tinnitus 7bday/ March 2000 23
SPECIAL DONORS AND TRIBUTES
ATA's Champion Members are a remarkable Contributions to ATA's Tribute Fund will
group of donors who have demonstrated their be used to fund tinnitus research and other
commitment in the fight against tinnitus by mak- ATA programs. If you would like this contribu-
ing a contribution or research donation of $1000 tion restricted for research, please indicate it
or more. Sustaining Members have given mem- with your donation. TI:ibutes are promptly
berships or research donations at the $500-$999 acknowledged with an appropriate card to the
level. Supporting and Contributing Members honoree or family of the honoree. The gift
have given memberships at the $100-499 level. amount is never disclosed.
Research Donors have made research-restrict- Our heartfelt thanks to all of these special
ed contributions in any amount up to $499. donors.
All contributions to the American Tinnitus Association are tax-deductible.
Champion .Josephine K. Gump
Members Donald L. Herman
Christopher V.
(Contributions of $1000 Houghton
and above) J r 11
Joel Alexander erry n e '
Julia R. Amaral Jim Laney
Legislative
Susan Bently Correspondents
Robert H. Bocmer Assoc.
Stephen Chandler Stephen w. Lewis
Anthony G. A Correa Jean R. Ljungkull
Rob M. Crichton Suzanne A. Nathan
Ronald K. Kathy Peck
Claude H. Gnzzard, 'TOny Randall
W. F. Samuel Hopme1e1; N. Schaefer
BC:-HIS . Martha M. Smith
Kha1ry A. Ph.D. Richard K.
Sidney C. Klemman Struckmeyer
MIChael E. Mcgmley Milton R. Thck
John E. Meehan Willi am E. Tinley
John L. Mercer Christopher J. Weiss
Stephen Moksnes Raymond L. Wells
Phihp 0 . Morton Keith C. Winters
Stephen M. Nagler,
M.D., FACS
Aaron J. Osherow
Jerome Ott
Kenneth A. Preston
Dan Purjes
Robert Schiller, CF'P
Ronald A. Seelye
Susan J. Seidel,
MA,CCC-A
Wanda M. Shalmon
Will iam Shatner
Saul N. Silbert
Timothy S. Sotos
Paula French
Vanakkeren
Agnes Varis
Jack A. Vernon, Ph.D.
Sustaining
Members
(Contributions of
$500-999)
Elizabeth A. Artandi
Warren S. Bender
Robert H. Boemer
Laurence S. Brown
Aguilar Christopher
Nina A. Colbert
George Crandall , Jr.
Rob M. Crichton
James and Donna
Fijolek
Richard J . F'ilanc
John J . Flavio
Robert M. Fuller
Sukey Garcetri
Ronald K. Granger
Seymour Greenstein
Supporting/
Contributing
Members
(Contributions of
$100-$499)
Betty Adams
Wendell M. Al1ern
Arthur Altarac
Betty ,T. Anderson
Joe H. Anderson, Jr.
Ralph W. Arend, Jr.
Brewster L. Arms
Alberta M. Ash
Stephen Axelrad
George D. Bane
Joseph M. Baria
H. W. Barlow
Edwin N. Barnes
Jack Barnett
Phyllis L. Barry
Robert G. Bashford
Thelma P. Batchelder
John Bates
Janet E. Baumgartner
Peter B. Baylinson
Ivan H. Behrmann
Juan J . Bermejo
Howard G. Bernett
Susan Biederman
Larry Birenbaum
Robert E. Bodoh
Richard A. Bolt
Harold Borneman
George S. Bovit
Deborah Bower
Sharon E. Bowyer
E. Ayres Boyd
GIFTS FROM 10-16-99 to 1-15-00
Glenn M. Brewer
Don Brice
Kathleen M. Brock
1-1. Dean Brown
Ralph C. Brown
Mark Brumback, ACA
Kristin J. Bruno, Ph.D.
William A. Burgin
John J. Burke
Richard A. Burns
William R. Cagney,
Ph.D.
A. PauJ Camerino
Ellen M. Camp
Peter E. Campbell
Charles A. Carver
Dhyan Cassie, M.A.,
CCC-A
Mary J. Cavins
Howard C. Cavner
Stephen Chandler
Gary M. Chase
Charles J . Chieffe
Peter Deering
Christopher
Jerry C. Ciraulo
F. Lawrence Clare,
M.D.
Glen Heather Clark
Jack D. Clemis
Bob Cobe
Lois N. Cohen, CSW-
ACSW-BCD
Gardner C. Cole
Robert W. Cole
Michael L. Connolly
Diana C. Connolly
Bill Creeden -
Don Crichton
Richard V. Cripe
Chris Gronberg
Richard E. and Eileen
E. Cronn
Mary F. Crosier
Wi lliam P. Curry
Elizabeth .r. Curtis
Ronald H. Dailey
Dennis M. Daly
Donald W. Davis
Mary Kay H. Davis
John G. Davis
Linda Deane
Joseph Decker
David Denny
Samuel D. Denopoulos
Mary Ann Desutter
David Dewindt
A. J . Diani
Robert and Jennifer
Digisi
Michael J . Doyle
Ral ph C. Duchin
Randall C. and Elise
Ducote
H. Renwick Dunlap
Susan H . . Earl
Wi lma Eiseman
Josephine M. Elias
Elaine S. Elliott
Thomas J. Fallon
Burdell S. Faust
Tom Fawcett
James T. Fehon
Marian Feldheim
Marcy Feldman
John W. Finger
David E. Flatow
Gail A. Fleming
Janet E. florentin
Patti Jo Fox
D. Jeanne Frantz
Katherine L. French
Laura J. Fuller
Joseph Galasso
Jerry P. Gaston
PerryGaulr
Larry L. Gentry
Robert N. Gersh in
Beverly and Tan Getreu
Frank L. Giancola
Johnie Mae Gilmore
Haniet L. Glazer
F. K. Gleason
J. LanyGoldman
Andrew Good
Bob Goodman
W.J. and Helen
Gotschall
Danny R. Graham
C. Rod Granberry, Jr.
Geoffrey D. Green
Carolyn Gr<Jgan
Richard P. Gross
Edmund J . Grossberg,
CLU
Donald D. Guito
Chris Gustafson
Felix Hack
Glenn A. Hadlock
John R. Hafer
Robert Hager
William R. Hale, M.D.
John E. Hall
Phyll is F'. Hall
Thomas L. Hanou
Mary E. Harker
Sally Hannon
Harold Harrigi an
William J. Haskin
Charles B Hauser
Jean E. Havens
Glen G. Hawk
Ray Haydock, Jr.
Alfred E. Heller
24 Tinnitus 'lbday/March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
Charles M. Helzberg
John T. Hennig
Lindsay Herk.ness
Helen J. Hersrud
Thea D. Hodge
Jan C. Hoffmaster
Roger W. Hollander
Melba B. Hoover
Ray A. Hopp
Max Horn
John W. House
Kenneth A. Hovland
Roger E. Howarth
Shirma M. Huizenga
Gaye V. Hunt
John C. Hunter
Frank Hutto
Joan Imber
James Irving
Leroy H. lves
Gary P. Jacobson, Ph.D.
Timothy J. Jacoby
Wayne G. Jakobs
Lucille J. Jantz
Jasper J. Jaser
Nils P. Jensen
Thomas L. Jones
Cynthia C. Kahn
Bernard Kaminsky
David Kaplan
Jo Ann Karkenny
Lois S. Keeney
Bernhard Kellerhals
K. D. Kennedy, Jr.
Harold B. Kern, CPA
Myles and John
Kessler-Kveton, M.D.
Donald King
Katherine C. Kline
Virgi nia Knight
William J . Knight
Barbara L. Kohn
Laura J . Kolinek
Larry Kopel
Charles and Christine
Kostel
Marvin Kowit
Stuart Krasney
Robert Krotin
E. Joseph Kubat
Pete Kubena
Floyd E. and Karen
Kuehnis, Jr.
RobertS. Kurz
Robert M. Kyvik
John M. Lappe
John C. Larkin
Walter L. Larsen
William L. Larsen
Judith Larson
Eric C. Larson
Laskey Family 1\'ust
Vivian Lawson
Sharon Ann Lemke
Donald W. Lemmons
Gerald A. Leone
Hany Lerner
Anders Lewandal
James M. Lewenauer
Gary W. Lightner
Romulus Z. Linney
William Lipira
Douglas Logan
Gary L. Lombardi
Sandy Lubin
John R. Lucas
Randolph Lundberg
Michael J. Lurey
J. Patrick Lynch, M.D.
Terrence Maclean
Vince Majerus
Gary W. Maler
Barry Malkin
Marilyn Mardesich
Richard L. Martin
W. Gordon Martin
Aaron J. and Jean
Martin
Wally A. Marx
Ray lvlatheny
Michael T. Matherly
John Mathey
Kristin E. McAbier
Carol P. McCurdy
Thomas F. McNulty
Pamela S. McNutt
Michael L. McQuinn
Bill McWilliams
Michael E. Mead
David L. Mehlum, M.D.
Mary B. Meikle, Ph.D.
Richard L. Meiss
Jennifer Melcher
Richard Melms
Robert J. Merrnuys
F. N. Merralls
George A. Meyer
Mark Me7.a
Maurice H. Miller
Stuart A. Miller
Russell Moody. Jr.
Ron Moran
Karen A. Mosbacher
Dierdre Moun9oy
Larry A. Mowrer
Richard E. Mueller
Ruby S. Muniz
Nancy w. Munroe
James C. Murphy
Robert E. Nason
M. Frank Norman
Caroline S. Nunan
Patrick A. O'Boyle
Steven A. O'Brien
Jerome Ott Glenn J. Straus John A. Basselini James L. Cook Elaine M. Fox David lnfausto
Burt Otterson Steven Strong, M.D. George Bauer Joseph A. Cordes Rocco D. Fragnito John R. Intorcia
Sheila A. and William Roger B. Sturgis Mitchell A. Baumoel Peter J. Correia Richard M. Fredo James Irving
F. Owen Barbara F. Sturtevant Mary Beth Bayda John C. Cosgrove Abraham and Hanna Shirley J. Irwin
John Owens OrloffW. Styve Gerald H. Bean Elizabeth S. Coston Fried Les lsaacowitz
Allan F. Pacela Robert J. Suchomski Geoffrey C. Beaumont Rose Cottrell Jack C. Fuller H. June Ivins
William E. Paland Loretta L. Sweers Rudolph Beck 'Thmmie L. Coulter Raymond Gadue Clifford W. Jacobs
Gerald J. Palazzola Leon and Carol Thger Glenn P. Becker Robert J. Craig Joyce D. Gage Robert W. Jacobsen
Robert W. Palchanis David Hollis Thylor Adele Engel Behar Richard v. Cripe Robert J. Gamble Arlene Jarchin
James L. Paradise Bradley s. Thedinger, Elizabeth S. Bennett Yasmine V Croni n Rosa lie Gansecki Barbara H. Jenkins
John 0. Parsons M.D. Paul 0. Benson Alfred R. Guerdon Jo Garrison Carl Roy Johnson
.John R. Patrick Janet Thompson E. John Beretta Carolyn Jean Linda R. Garrison Larry D. Johnson
John R. and Sara A. Donald V Thompson Edward J. Berger Cummi ngs Aldo Gasperin Alwyn N. Johnson
Patterson Charles Tittle Deborah and Charles William P. Curry David J. Gaudieri Judy A. Johnston
David D. Pearce William R. 'Ibwer, Jr. Bern Joel C. Curtis Gabriel B. Gavino Wayne J. Johnston
Phil R Pearcy Mariana S. 'Thpper .Jack M. Besser Betty L. Curtis Elias Gedeon Betty R Jones
Jean E. Pepper Manuel Udko Donna P. Bessken Mary Anne B. Charles E. Geisel Bob Jones
Dow V. Perry Robert D. Utsey, Sr. Dan G. Best Cushman Al Gerstner Richard J. Justin
Roger J. Peters Megan Vidis Judy C. Bezek Mary Holmes Dague Hazel Giannico Paul and Helen Kairis
Gaye S. Phillips Linda A. Wainhouse Randy A. Bickel Pierre David Chris B. Giepen Howard R. Katz
Jay L. Pornrenze David J. Walsh Margaret H. Black Christopher M. Richard C. Giles Steven and Judith
Ann L. Price Albert E. Wareikis James L. Boardman Davidson William L. Ginkel Katzman
Joseph R. Raudenbush Susan T. Wargo John E. Bodkin Patricia Davies Angelo Giorgis Hope T. Kaye
Stephen M. Reece Gerda Wasseonann Charles G. Bohlinger George M. Dawson Thomas C. Glassie Marguerite A. Keely
Florence S. Reich Thomas K. Webb Richard Bohm Almudena De Llaguno Helen S. Godwin Diana Keenum
Gloria E. Reich. Ph.D. Shirley L. Weddle Nancy L. Boiles Michael D. Deakin Barry S. Goldberg Henry B. Keese
Gerald B. Renyer Fred and Sharon Gary A. Bolding Richard Deboo Max A. Goldfarb David Keesler
Robert Reynolds Weinhaus Michael L. Bonacci, Billie Decker Walter M. Goldschmidt James G. Keller
Cornelia Rich Rita Weisner Ph.D. Raymond F. Decker Carol B. Gompenz Margaret P. Keller
Jerome A. Rich Joyce Weiss Peter 0. Bonanno Marilyn C. Dee Benny Goodman Edward Kelley
Bernard Richards David P. Whistler, Ph.D. Mario J. Bonello Paul E. Delong Geraldine M. Granger Catherine A. Kellit
Robert Gene Richter Robert M. Whittington John C. Bopp Angela F. Del villar Marjorie E. Gremmel Frank L. Kellogg
Robert S. Rivers Rosalie Wiesenthal Francis Bordenkircher Michael J . Denson Arlene H. Griest Scott T. Kellogg
Herbert Roach .Jerry Wilkinson Marie V. Borellini Mike Depalma August H. Grimaldi John T. Kennedy
William P. Roberts Bryan B. Williams Nancy Bosco Andy Desantis Robert T. Guelcher Shirley A. Kiger
Erwin H. Rock, M.D. Robert R. Windelspecht Victor G. Bossio Glenn w. Detrick Juan Guerra Shirley M. Kimel
Thomas J. Rodgers James H. Winzenburg Donald M. Bowman Cartoll Devine Allan Gunderson Lynne R. King
Robert W. Roper Richard Wiseman Richard C. Bradley Carroll Devine Francisco R. Guzman Bertram Y. Kinzey, Jr.
Beverly and Mel AI E. Witten Dorothy M. Brahm Jacquelyn Dickey Betsy Hagemann 'I)rler L. Kisro
Rosenthal Robert E. Wolons Aurora P. Brandvold PhiUp H. Oidriksen E. Elaine Hager A. J. Klekers
Andrew J. Rosser Richard P. Woodbury Samuel P. Breiner Lisa Dileo Jean P. Hall Ira M. Klemens
Howard .Rothenstein John A. Wunderlich Raymond J. Brejcha Carl D. Distefano Stella T. Hall Jon B. Kleven
Richard E. Rush Larry W. York Charles J. Brignone Charles Dolnick lhrahim Hamideh Katherine C. Kline
Laura M. Russ .John W. Young, Jr. Kathleen M. Brock June M. Donato John F. Hamilton Carol Lee Kloss
Roger L. Sabo Adelaide W. Zabriskie, David S. Bromberg Dennis Donnermeyer Michael S. Handel Joyce A. Knapp
Jack Salerno Ed.D., CFA Bernard J. Brubaker Jeanne R. Doob George E. Hansche Robert H. Kneisley
William B. Salsgiver Demetria Zaharis John E. Bruce Barbara Douglas James R. Hardie Uri Kneller
Eugene Saporito Michael J. Zakoor Susan Brumfield Robert G. Doyle Sally Harmon Peter Kobelansky
Stephen G. Sayegh Michael Zimmerman Meli nda Buckley Mary M. Doyle Cyrus 0. Harper Elsie M. and George
Joseph J. Schall Richard A. Zubrycki Elizabeth L. Burnham Evelyn P. Drooks Robert B. Harris Kocher
Donna Scheckla
Research Donors
Michael w. Burnham Richard Druz Stewart Harris Judith J. Koehler
Susan P. Schindelar Steve C. Burton Thelma D. Dry Frank "E. Hartle Dennis S. Kohara
AndreN. Schipper
($499 and below)
Paul M. Calabrese Virginia M. Du Elane Margaret H. Hartwein Cliff Kohler
Jeffrey R. Schlesinger
Roc Aherns
Judith E. Caldwell Lorenzo Dunlap Ruth A. Haug Mary R. Kokes
Patrick J. Schmeltz
Charles M. Alaimo
Myrna M. Calkins Frank H. Dunn Donald D. Haynsworth Susanne Kos
Stephen Schneider
Olga Albera
John J. Cal li Eric D. Eberhard Lela Larose Hays .J. Walter Kosman
Bruce A. Schommer
Helen Alexander
Leo Caluori Mary L. Edwards Patrick Healy Nancy E. Kozak
A.H. Schwacke Jll
Henry J. Alexander
Sharon K. Cameron Norman M. Edwards A. James Heins Richard Koziol
Palmer Sealy, Jr.
Rich Alger
Wm . John Cameron Robert Elassad Charles M. Helzberg Mary E. Kratz
Don T. Seaquist
Ed and Dorlene Alves
Stuart B. Carlson John P. Elberti Thomas L. Hemminger William J. Krestik
Jean W. Sedlar
Thomas R. Ambler
Johanna K. Carmassi Robert E. Elliott Elaine S. Henderson Lance Kroetz
Kathleen M. Seibel
Charles D. Anderson
Robert E. Carrier Marjorie M. Ellis James A. Henry, Ph.D. Lance Kroetz
Michael D. Seidman
Christine Anderson
C. Scott Carter Agnes L. Epperson Ronald A. Hezel Mary A. Krohnke
Juan P. Semidey
Eugene L. Anderson
Faye Cartmell Pamela H. Ericson Joseph D. Hicklin 'Ibm Kuehle
James Semi van
Lynn Anderson
Clay Castro Carl Esposito Bob and Marsha Robert B. Kuhnle
Hilmer H. Shackelford,
Harold M. Anderson
James W. Gauger Jim W. Eubanks Hickson RobertS. Kupor
Jr.
Goldie Andron
Edwin F. Chalmers J ody Evangelist Victor 1-Iierl Kenneth F. Kushner
Frank Shekosky
Selma Anton
Robert P. Chambers Shelia M. Fair E. Alan Hildstrom Erna Ladage
Alice L. Shields
Jim Arnold
Annette D. Champigny Mary F. Fairbank Philip N. Hineline Peter A Lajoie
Abraham Shulman,
Gerald Aus
Linda Champlin Marilyn Falvey Loren G. Hinkleman Mary D. Landa
MO.
William T. Aus
Greg and Eileen Martin J. Feeney L01nine Hizami Mary A. Lange
Richard Siletti
Natalie Aust
Charles Ruth Feldman Jean l'lodgdon Patricia A. Lantz
Gary Singer
Queenie and Albert
John P. Charles Sylvia Feldman Ben and Betty Hoffman Harris Laskey
Don L. Six, Sr.
Avedikian
Shu N. Chau Ll E. Lillian Feldstein Blanche F. Hoffman Henty Lau
Frank A. Skinner
Judith Ayer
George Chillak Nick Fender Lynda M. Hoffmann MayS. Lee
Joseph G. Smigelski
RaeAzose
Lucille M. Christadore Mary A. Feuce Mary Holden Thomas M. Leeman
Patricia A. and Richard
William C. Babcock
Marie Christofano Dennis R Fields E. Ronald Holder Joy A. Lerum
Smith
Jerry Bagan
John E. Ciszek Ken Fine AnneS. Holmes Catherine T. Leonard
Marshall C. Smith
Jerry R. Baker
Guy R Clark Sonya R. Fischman Holland Mary Jane Lillis
Joseph Souto
ian 'Ii'aquair Ball
Dennis J. Clark Wayne Fiscus Coolidge Holt Richard E. Linde
Maria Starr
Sandra M. Banks
Mark R. Clements Julia Fish Mary Hortatsos Marilyn Lindholm
Edward Staton
Antoinette Barash
Michael T. Cochrane Marcene Fisher Charles Howard Robert Link
Morton and Norma
Nancy L. Bardach
Frank Cocozza Sharon 0. Fluevog Lortaine Howard Marilyn Lipkin
Steele
Roy Barna
Thomas R. Coffey Donald Flynn Richard L. Huggins Laura Lipner
David A. Stephens
William Barnes
Arthur P. Coletta Larry C. Focht Nathan Hughes Mark A. Lipton, M.D.
Daniel Stern
Fred D. Bartoli
Barbara CoUey James M. Foley Robert G. Hunter Donald J. Lisio
Natalie P. Stocking
Gladys M. Ban:
Irene M. Condon Reid Ford Steve R. Hutton Michael P. Liston
Thomas C. Strafuss
Robert G. Bashford
Daniel G. Contento Ron Fowler 1bm I nderbitzen Carolyn Locker
American Tinnitus Association Tinnitus Today/March 2000 25
SPECIAL DONORS AND TRIBUTES (continued)
Rose C. Loo Mary 1'. and James John R. Priebe Peter F. Smith Joseph J. Wolf Lt. Col. Thomas
Nancy A. Lubin Moran Mary E. Pringle Thomas M. Smith Pat Wollowick Thomiszer
Mark Lucas Violet Morgan Daniel Pritchett William P. Smith Russell J. Wolpert Mary Jane Cascino
Connell S. Lund Julie Morin John F. Quinlan Martin Snyder Richard P. Woodbury John A. Hoff
Deborah C. Lund John K Morris Matjorie Quisenberry Margaret C. Solomon Gena Lou Woywood James R. Swanson
Julia F. Lunsford Linda Morris Leonhard Raabe Owen R. Sondergaard Allen Wright
George Williams
Carol A. Lusk Priscilla W. Morris Harvey Rabin Gerald J. Sorenson Shirley A. Wrzesinski
Arlo and Phyllis Nash
Thomas G. Lusty Seabert W. Morse Laura L. Ragonese Wayne J. Spaulding John A. Wunderlich
Jon H. Lutz Albert Mostrangeli Charles R. Randow Doris J . Sponseller Doris E. Yantis
James L. Lynch Glenda Moy Herbert B. Ray Wesley E. Springer Ehsan L. Youness Hil a Mayer
Judy Mack Richard E. Mueller George A. Rebh Nancy C. Spruitenburg James Yuhas
Corporations with
Chester J. Mackson Stephanie Muenzberg Margaret Rector Lorna J. Stafford Janice L. Zafarana
Bruce J. Maclean Sandra A. Muirhead Arthur P. Reeg Gerald G. Stamper Frank E. Zanger
Matching Gifts
Thrrence Maclean Walter P. Muller Helen Rees Otto A. Stangl Brad Zcrman Aetna
Harold Mains Cary Mulra.in Curtis J. Rehder Barbara Stein Kathleen M. Zuther John Hancock
Joseph P. Maley Shirley Mulvey Charles A. Richard James J. Steponik
TRIBUTES
Johnson &'Johnson
Aaron Mall John Musacchio Edward A Richards Mary Stevens Pfizer, Inc.
Gurdev Mangat Helen Napuck Alice 1. Rigby David B. Stewart In Honor of Polaroid Foundation
Connie C. Marchant Craig Neal Jack C. Rinard Charles L. Stiebing
Dr. Dan Moore Quad/Graphics, Inc.
William R. Marginson Brian R. Nelson Robert S. Rivers Harvey Stiegler (Happy 90th US West Foundation
Michael and Sally Mark Dean B. Nelson Marjorie J. Robinson Anne Marie Story Birthday)
Edith E. Marsala Clifford A. Nelson Robert B. Roemer Sedalise S. Stoute Gail B. Brenner M.A.,
David R. Marshall Vivian Newill Phillip A. Rogers Fred D. Stubbings
CCC-A
Marian R. Marshall Marie Newman Norma Jean Rogers Douglas Stumbaugh
Jack A. Vernon,
Diane K. Martin Phyllis G. Nexon Joan Roggen Antril C. Suydam
Ph.D.
Nancy C. Martin Robert Nichols Alfonso Romeo Ruth M. Swan
Dennis M. Daly
Ralph G. Martin Richald L. Nichols Joanna Roos David P. Sywak
Seymour Greenstein
Donovan Martin Steven D. Niebler Lynn Rosemurgy Alina S. Szczesniak,
Patrick Guyton
Raymond R. Maselek Jeffrey Nobel Christina L. Ross SCD
Charles M. Helzberg
lmelde Masini Margaret Nowacki Thomas F. Rouse Sylvia A. Szwed
Stephen M. Nagler,
Mary K. Matson William D. Odbert Richard L. Ruggles, Daniel R. 'Thlbot
M.D., FACS
John T. Mattson Alan W. Ogden M.D. Wolfgang Thnner
Betty Webber
William 1'. Mauldin Shelley M. Oliva Stephen Ruleau Jesse J. Thpscott
A. Helen Mauro Mae D. Olson Faye Rumack Thrry G. 'Thtum
Richard Chutter
Robert Mayfield Scott R. Olson Laura M. Russ Abraham Thubman
Cynthia C. Kahn
Alex A. Mazzucco Timothy G. O'Neil R. Peter Rutsch RichaTd G. Thutsch John Emmett
Lori J. McCaffery John K. Orrell Karl Rybak Alvin E. Thompson Luther J. Smith. llf,
Joseph A. McCarty Victor C. Osterman Nathan Sabbath Eva Thompson M.D.
Stephanie L. McCarty JohnS. Ott Richard W. Sagebiel Eva K. Thompson
In of
Gene McClelland Barbara R. Ott Carmen Salvemini Karen M. Thomson
Armonce Mccoy Shirley J. Owen Edward A. Saulnier Vipin N. Tolat
'frudy Druc er
Michael C. Mccullough Martin Paciello Richard Scarnati Phyllis w. 1\viss
Jim and Rosalie 'llaver
Peter J. McDonagh Arthur E. Paciorka Martha L. Schaffer Jean A. 'IYck
Daughter Fran
Walt McDowell Carol M. Page Valerie A. Schauer Stan Ulick Sylvia Eisenberg
Joan McFarland Thm Palmer John Scherff Val Valentini John G. Jaser
Charles J. Mcintyre R. J . Palombit Lee Schmid Elizabeth Vanpatten Jasper J. Jaser
Robert E. McLaurin James L. Paradise David and Julie Jan W. Vanroessel
Bob Johnson
Veronica A. Roger W. Parian Schnapf Richard w. Veeck
Margaret Johnson
McNicholas Roxanne G. Parker Stephen Schneider John R. Veglia, Sr.
Ron P. Lawlor
Anne B. Medbery John R. Parkhurst Jeffrey E. Schulman Ann E. Vessella
Lester M. Koploy
Genevieve L. Meese Peter Parmagos A. H. Schwacke 1Jl Erich Vonneff
Robert and Kathleen George M. Paschall Alfred and Doris Harvey A. Voss
Marcy Feldman
Megginson Margaret Pashko Schwartz John P. Wade Simone Lemay
Andrew G. Mehas Felicia A. Passero Irving H. Schwanz 1bni L. Wagner Bill and Maxine
Dennis E. Mehay Donald H. Patterson James R. Schwartz Richard Walden Jackson
Helen G. Merrell Theopolis Peace Susan Schwartz Wayne F. Wallace Willmena E. Jordan
Dan Meyer Margaret F. Peak William Schwartz Alvin M. Walter Helen Madigan
Barbara Miktarian David Pearl Judith Schwegman Robert H. Walz Paul D. Manning
Herbert C. Milikien William J. Pedersen Ruth Schwekendiek Alexandria M. Ward Stephen M. Nagler,
Albert J. Miller Jose Pedro Harold E. Scott Leo G. Ward M.D., FACS
Christopher F. Miller Robert C. Pegram, Jr. Morry Secrest Bob Weaver
AI Meis
Thrry Miller Carmela Pelle Raphael F. Segura Kent Webb
Joal Fischer and
Gary J. Miller Susan Penkacik MaryS. Senn Walter and Carol
Deborah Langsam
George w. Miller Beth Penney James A. Shanahan Wehenkel
Jack B. Nagler
P. June Miller Doris Perry David R. Shannon Lois Weinstein
Gertrude 0. Mills Lucille M. Petersen James L. Shawn Robert Weiss
(Stephen Nagler's
Gail E. Misch Jan L. Peterson Nancy B. Sheffield Elmer H. Weisser
father)
Leroy H. Moe Thomas E. Peterson Dorothy and Robert Jerry Weitzenkorn
James A. Henry, Ph.D.
Francis Mona Nicholas J. Pialoglous Shepperd-Henschel Ben H. Welmaker
Margaret and Pawel
Richard Monagle Lourdes T Piniol Alan R. Sherman Stark West
Jastreboff
Frank R. Monteleone Judith Pisetzner G. William Sholly Margaret A. Wetter
Norma Mraz, M.A.,
Christopher Ann S. Pittenger Leo C. Sivley Leon Wexler
CCC-A
Montgomery Jacob J. Plicet Elaine M. Smith Richard J. Wiet, M.D.
Barbara Thbachnick
Donna K. Moore John C. PQ!,>ue Elmer E. Smith Mary L. Williams
Sanders
Emmett E. Moore Viktor Pokorny Frances J. Smith Ann R. Willner Earl J ames Rix, Jr.
John Moore Robert Poling Georgia C. Smith James B. Wilmot Donna and Dick Smith-
Susan Post Larry L. Smith Robert S. Wiseman Pankuch
Dale J. Prediger Martin Smith Peter R. Wojtkiewicz William M. Roth
Ivanell Presley Patricia M. Smith Emil A. Wolf
26 Tinnitus 7bday!March 2000 American Tinnitus Association
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HELP FOR TINNITUS AND HYPERACUSIS
NOW, AFTER THOUSANDS OF YEARS WITH NO CURE, YOU,
TOO, CAN GET PERMANENT RELI EF FROM TINNITUS, AND
ACTUALLY REVERSE HYPERACUSIS COMPLETELY. Please read
on to find out how.
Carol Lee Brook had to listen to a dozen changing sounds,
and water running sounded like Niagara Falls. She was unable
to quiet the TINNITUS noises with outside sounds because of
pain from the HYPERACUSIS. She was unable to block out the
HYPERACUSIS with earplugs and muffs because this intensified
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The doctor was able to completely reverse her HYPERA-
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During her period of TRT recovery, Carol wrote a book
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reads like an engrossing novel. She tells it from her heart.
through all the pain. Through the dialogue she introduces you to
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DON'T PUT UP WITH TINNITUS OR HYPERACUSIS ANY LONGER!
ORDER THE ALL TRUE, HARD-HIDING HARD-COVER BOOK,
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SEND $25.95 (CAN $38.00) PLUS $5.95 S&H (PLUS SALES
TAX IF CALI F. RESIDENT) TO: ROARING PRODUCTIONS, INC -
DEPT C, P.O. BOX 2500, ALAMEDA, CA 94501. You'll really be
glad you did.
For credit card orders, send full name as it appears on
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Because of the importance of this book, we will send it by
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have both recovered from T & H through TRT, and WISH YOU A
SPEEDY RECOVERY TOO. Sincerely, Fred and Carol Brook
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Now, masking Tinnitus
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