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Kultur Dokumente
57 minutes
57 marks
Page 1 of 15
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(a)
The table gives information about some ways of reducing the energy consumption in a
house.
Installation
cost in
Annual saving on
energy bills in
1800
200
2400
100
600
50
75
20
Which way of reducing energy consumption is most cost effective over a 10-year period?
To obtain full marks you must support your answer with calculations.
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(3)
(b)
Explain why using an energy-efficient light bulb instead of an ordinary light bulb reduces the
amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere.
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(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Page 2 of 15
Q2.
(a) The diagram shows how much heat is lost each second from different parts of an
uninsulated house.
(i)
(ii)
Insulating the loft would cut the heat lost through the roof by 50 %.
The loft insulation has a payback time of
years.
(b)
Page 3 of 15
Q3.
The picture shows a food processor, which is used to grate, shred, liquidise and mix food.
The table gives some information about the food processor.
(a)
Energy input
Electrical
Useful energy
output
Kinetic
Power rating
1200 watts
Efficiency
0.8
(b)
Page 4 of 15
Q4.
Having more efficient electrical appliances in our homes saves money and can be better for
the environment.
(a)
We can use Sankey diagrams to show how efficient electrical appliances are.
This is a Sankey diagram for a small electric motor.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Suggest an environmental reason why the percentage efficiency of the motor should
be as high as possible.
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(2)
Page 5 of 15
(b)
Q5.
The diagram shows what happens to each 100 joules of energy from crude oil when it is
used as petrol in a car.
The widths of the arrows show exactly how much energy is transferred in each particular way.
(a)
Complete the diagram by adding the correct energy value alongside each arrow.
(2)
Page 6 of 15
(b)
Calculate how efficient the car engine is at transferring the energy from petrol into useful
movement.
Show clearly how you work out your answer.
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(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q6.
Page 7 of 15
(a)
(i)
Complete the table to show which methods of heat transfer are reduced by each of
the features labelled in the diagram.
The first row has been done for you.
Feature
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
vacuum
silvered
surfaces
plastic cap
(2)
(ii)
Explain why the vacuum between the glass walls of the flask reduces heat transfer
by conduction and convection.
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(2)
(b)
(i)
Explain why the top surface of the reflecting hood should be a light, shiny surface
rather than a dark, matt surface.
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(2)
Page 8 of 15
(ii)
Most of the chemical energy in the gas is transformed into heat. A small amount of
chemical energy is transformed into light.
Draw and label a Sankey diagram for the patio heater.
(2)
(iii)
State why the total energy supplied to the patio heater must always equal the total
energy transferred by the patio heater.
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(1)
(Total 9 marks)
Q7.
Page 9 of 15
(a)
(b)
Which heater will be the most expensive to run on its highest heat setting?
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(1)
(c)
Q8.
(a)
Page 10 of 15
(i)
Use the information in the diagram and the equation in the box to calculate the
efficiency of the TV.
efficiency =
Show clearly how you work out your answer.
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Efficiency = ..............................
(2)
(ii)
(b)
Page 11 of 15
(i)
Use the information in the bar chart and the equation in the box to calculate the
energy wasted by leaving the compact stereo on standby while the family is on
holiday.
energy transferred
(kilowatt-hour, kWh)
power
(kilowatt, kW)
time
(hour, h)
(ii)
(c)
Page 12 of 15
Q9.
(a)
(b)
Page 13 of 15
(c)
Page 14 of 15
Page 15 of 15