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Objectives
Outline the benefits of using DHCP Describe the DHCP lease and renewal process Install and authorize the DHCP service Configure DHCP scopes Create DHCP reservations for client computers Configure DHCP options Understand and describe the purpose of a DHCP relay Install and configure a DHCP relay
70-291: MCSE Guide to Managing a Microsoft Windows Server Network 2
DHCP Overview
Used to automatically deliver IP addressing Reduces the amount of time you spend configuring computers on your network Used by default unless you specify otherwise The ipconfig /all command will indicate whether the configuration came from a DHCP server computer
Leasing an IP Address
An IP address is leased during the boot process The overall process is composed of four broadcast packets:
DHCPDISCOVER DHCPOFFER DHCPREQUEST DHCPACK
Renewing an IP Address
The IP address can either be permanent or timed A permanent address is never reused for another client Timed leases expire after a certain amount of time Windows clients attempt to renew their lease after 50% of the lease time has expired A DHCP server may either honor or reject a renew request
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Two strategies exist for defining the starting and ending IP addresses
Allow all and exempt the few static addresses Use only the addresses not already in use
70-291: MCSE Guide to Managing a Microsoft Windows Server Network 22
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Superscopes
Used to combine multiple scopes into a single logical scope Allows multiple scopes to be treated as a single scope If a superscope is used, then the DHCP server offers only one lease as opposed to multiple leases
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Superscopes (continued)
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Multicast Scopes
Used to deliver multicast addresses to applications that require it Multicast addresses are used to deliver packets to groups of computers Start and end IP addresses define the range of addresses that can be handed out by DHCP servers TTL defines the number of routers through which a multicast packet can move
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Summary
DHCP dynamically assigns IP address information to clients on a network The DHCP lease process is composed of four packets: DHCPDISCOVER DHCPOFFER DHCPREQUEST DHCPACK A DHCP client attempts to renew its lease at 50%, 87.5%, and 100% of the lease time The commands ipconfig /release and ipconfig /renew can be used to release and renew DHCP leases
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Summary (continued)
If the Active Directory service is present on your network, each DHCP server must be authorized in Active Directory to lease addresses to clients A scope defines a range of IP addresses that are leased to clients A superscope combines two scopes into a single logical unit to service network segments with two subnets
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Summary (continued)
An exclusion in a scope can stop a DHCP server from handing out specific addresses A reservation allows you to give a specific workstation a defined IP address by tying the DHCP lease to the MAC address of the client Vendor and user classes can be used to configure some client computers with different options, depending on the class to which they belong A DHCP relay agent is required on each network that requires IP configuration from a DHCP server across a router
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