CENTRE OF MODERN LANGUAGES AND HUMAN SCIENCES

UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG

UHL 2412 ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC COMMUNICATION ENGLISH TERM PAPER: ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY FINAL DRAFT

NAME MATRIC NUMBER INDENTITY NUMBER SECTION LECTURERS NAME SUBMISSION DATE

: LOO FU HONG : XXXXXXXX : XXXXX-XX-XXXX : 40 P : SITI AINUN JARIYAH BINTI HASSAN : 20 DECEMBER 2012 (week 14)

Acknowledgment I would like to thank my English for Academic Communication lecturer, Siti Ainun Jariyah Binti Hassan, my fellow friends who has helped me in terms of generating great ideas and counter arguments in this essay. Besides that, I would like to thank my parents, for their moral and financial support for me to accomplish writing for this term paper essay.

Objective of term paper Term paper writing is to: 1. Expose academic writing criteria to students. 2. How to cite related sources in academic writing 3. Determine and distinguish facts and opinions.

Essay:

The Effort Illegalise the Production and Sales of Cigarettes

Cigarettes and tobacco. By the 19th century it is the most smoked weed in the world. Cigarettes originated from Central American soil and brought back by Spanish conquistadores to Europe and since had spread all over the world. Nowadays, cigarettes industries is a highly influential and profitable, generating revenues in billions of euros annually. In the early 60s, smoking is considered a trend. Most men smokes. At present only 8% off woman smokes. Realising the potential, tobacco companies are aware of this opportunity to tap into this uncharted territories. However, there was calls by some people, mostly non-smokers to illegalise not only the sales, but also the production of the cigarettes altogether while others think that everybody has their own rights to buy and light up a stick of cigarettes. Nevertheless, if being viewed from non-smokers perspective, it is clear that move is to ban production and sales altogether is the ultimate challenge because cigarettes elevates health risk, pollutes the environment, and increases the expenditure to treat smoking related diseases. Lighting up a cigarettes comes everyone realised how dangerous it could be to their health its own health risk. Everybody knows smoking from childhood is a bad thing but not everyone acknowledge that. Sometimes, smokers do not recognise the problems smoking can cause. According to the article Negative Effects of Cigarette Smoking by Casey Holley, eHow Contributor cigarette smoking can cause many serious health problems. For instance respiratory difficulties, smoking irritates respiratory track, to the lungs and heart, smokers often suffers from chronic coughing and asthma and this is the reason why for smokers activities like running or walking are very difficult. Moreover cigarettes have carcinogens that can cause an extremely serious disease like a lung cancer, mouth cancer and throat cancer. Further smoking may be the reason of circulatory system problems. Smokers are likely to have an irregular heartbeat and the chance of a heart attack is high. Although that, surprisingly but smoking has a small positive effect according to the article Why Smokers Feel Good. When a person is smoking a cigarette, it stimulates the flow of feel good chemicals, such as dopamine and nicotine in his or her brain. Thats why we can say that when a smoker has not smoked for just a

couple of days he or she has a depression but only after a one cigarette smoker feels good and happy. Some people smokes to gain temporary relaxation. Addiction of smoking, pleasure derived from smoking and craving from cigarettes, all of this is related in neurochemistry. Even though there is a small positive effect which shows that when a person is smoking it makes him or her be happy, it cannot cover all of the bad effects that smoking causes. Even a famous cigarette company like Philip Morris International understands the whole negative health effects that smoking can cause. According to the article Smoking and Health which has been published on the Philip Morris website says: Smoking causes many serious diseases. Lighting up a stick of cigarettes might not be too damaging to the environment, but how about billions of people smokes at once? According to Centers for Disesase Control and Prevention, each day, about 1,000 persons younger than 18 years of age begin smoking on a daily basis and more worrying, for the same duration, more than 3,800 persons younger than 18 years of age will light up their first cigarette. In 2012, American Cancer Society releases a report that second hand smoke is classified as a known human carcinogen (cancer-causing agent) by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the US National Toxicology Program, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), a branch of the World Health Organization. Furthermore, tobacco smoke contains more than 7,000 chemical compounds, some of them are asbestos, tar and solvent used in plastic or petroleum industries. More than 250 of these chemicals are known to be harmful, and at least 69 are known to cause cancer. SHS has been linked to lung cancer. There is also some evidence suggesting it may be linked with childhood leukaemia and cancers of the larynx (voice box), pharynx (throat), brain, bladder, rectum, stomach, and breast. According to National Cancer Institute, there are no safe limit for second hand smoke. Besides that, the plantation of tobacco, the main ingredient for cigarettes, takes up spaces which previously being used for plantation of wheat and grain. The changes in plantation causes lack of space and productivity for edible crops and contributed to rise in price of food across the globe. Moreover, it contributes to greenhouse effect. Smoker releases dangerous cocktail of fumes to the environment contains acidic compounds such as sulphur, asbestos and most importantly, Carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide was identified as the gas which contribute the most in global warming. Not only that, cigarettes butts leftovers latch on to our environment and will not let go. Simply put, they just do not biodegrade. Experts say cigarette butts rank at

the very top of litter problems not just because they are everywhere, but because they are toxic and no biodegradable. They remain in sewers, beaches, soil, and bodies of water for years and even decades, and they eventually pollute our lakes and oceans, and of course, all the birds, fish, and mammals whose lives depend on those bodies of water, according to online portal, Quit Tobacco. Some people argued that tobacco industries are part of the key tax resources for the country. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in this year, $25.3 billion will be collected from tobacco taxes and legal settlements. At first glance it seems a huge amount of money that the country can lose if the government of the United States prohibits the production and sale of cigarettes, this is a mistake. In fact the United States will lose much more money if cigarettes are still be available to the people. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention the United States has to spend billions of dollars each year because of the tobacco use. To be precise $193 billion are spend each year includes $97 billion in lost productivity and $96 billion in health care expenditures. Moreover according to the same source more than $10 billion is a second smoke costs, it also includes health care expenditures, morbidity, and mortality. You do not have to be a mathematician to calculate the difference between the profit and costs because it can be seen clearly. Cited from the same source in, tobacco in worldwide use causes more than 5 million deaths per year, and current trends show that tobacco use will cause more than 8million deaths annually by 2030. However, some tobacco company such as British American Tobacco or BAT set up research centres to find the holy grail of cigarettes-a cancer free cigarettes. According to an article by The Telegraph, Dr Chris Proctor, Chief Scientific Officer at BAT, who is leading that companys quest for a safer cigarettes, are openly pursuing safer, reduced toxicant products. Large teams of scientists in labs across the world are working on finding new and fascinating ways of lessening the harm of the most fatal habit of all, even if theyre not entirely sure theyll succeed Summarising from the facts above, we could conclude that production and sales should be made illegal as soon as possible. For now, there are clashing opinions between smokers and cigarette manufacturers who supports the continuation of production and sales of cigarettes against lawmakers, environmentalist, non-smokers and healthcare specialist who is pushing hard for the banning of production and sales of

cigarettes altogether. Many government all over the world are instigating effort to curb smoking as it brings economic and social liability not only to the country but also globally as well.

References American Cancer Society. (8 August, 2012). Child and Tobacco Use. Retrieved from American Cancer Society: http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/002963-pdf.pdf BBC. (11 November, 2012). Why do we love cigarettes?? BBC. Retrieved from Youtube.com: http://www.youtube.com/watch?V=gzvrf1n5j4m Elias, U. B. (11 September, 2011). Tutor English Group, UTP. Retrieved from Tutor English Group: http://tutorenglishgroup13.blogspot.com/2011/09/argumentativeessay_06.html Jussel, A. (29 March, 2006). Shaping Youth: Like Taking Candy from a Baby Camel: trots out nicotine tricks again. Retrieved from Shaping Youth: http://www.shapingyouth.org/like-taking-candy-from-a-baby-camel-trots-outnicotine-tricks-again/ Melyssa, 1. (6 Spetember, 2009). My First Blog-production and sales of cigarettes. Retrieved from My First Blog: http://melyssa10.blogspot.com/2011/09/production-and-sale-ofcigarettes.html PROVINCE, T. V. (24 September, 2006). Canada.com: We should move to ban the production and sale of tobacco. Retrieved from Canada.com: http://www.canada.com/theprovince/news/editorial/story.html?Id=3ae91608-fb484850-90a5-855efd42dab1 Storr, W. (6 Septemeber, 2012). Will Ever Smoking will be Safe? Retrieved from Telegraph.co.uk.: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/lifestyle/9509679/Will-smoking-everbe-safe.html Wikipedia. (23 November, 2012). Given Name. Retrieved from Wikipedia.com: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Given_name Holley, C. (n.d.) (12 December 2012 ). Negative effects of cigarette smoking. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/about_4778819_negative-effects-cigarette-smoking.html Why smokers feel good. (12 December 2012). Retrieved from http://www.livescience.com/53-smokers-feel-good.html Smoking and health. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.pmi.com/eng/tobacco_regulation/smoking_and_health/pages/smoking_and_healt h.aspx

Fast facts. (21 March 2012). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fast_facts Health effects of cigarette smoking. (2011, March 21). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_effects/effects_cig_smoking/

Appendix

Related materials: Argumentative topics for the term paper: 1. The production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal. 2. People have become overly dependent on technology. 3. Drunk drivers should be imprisoned on the first offence. 4. University students should have complete freedom to choose their own courses and lecturers. 5. All university students should be required to learn a foreign language for two years. 6. To encourage healthy eating, higher taxes should be imposed on soft drinks and junk food. 7. University students should be required to take physical education courses. 8. University students should be penalized for illegally downloading music, movies, or other protected content. 9. Small family is better than large family. 10. Health is more important than wealth. 11. University students should wear uniform. 12. Malaysia should abolish capital punishment. 13. Heavy penalties should be imposed on careless drivers. 14. A womans place is at home. 15. University students should pass the English proficiency test before graduation. Specification: 1 inch top, bottom, right, left margin, Font Times New Roman, 12pt, 1.5 line spacing. Underline, Italic, Bold.