Root Port Designated Port Blocking Port Port Roles

Disabled Blocking Listening Learning Forwarding Port States 802.1D Traditional STP

Hello Time (2 Seconds) Forward Delay(15 Seconds) MaxAge (20 Seconds) Timers

1 instace of STP Over the Native VLAN dot1Q based Common Spanning Tree CST Disables BPDUs on a port(Dangerous) BPDU Filtering Requires PortFast 1 instance of STP per VLAN Per-VLAN Spanning Tree ISL Based W/O Loop Guard: Port Starts Forwarding Interoperability betwen CST/PVST Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus Operates over both dot1Q and ISL PVST+ Loss of BPDUs PVST Simply detects loss of BPDUs

Protecting STP

Loop Guard With Loop Guard: Port Becomes Loop-inconsistent

Types of STP:
Root Port

Spanning Tree Protocol

UDLD

Doesn't actually detect unidirecitonal links

Unidirecitonal Link Detection Works by sending keepalives Port Roles

Designated Port Alternate Port Backup Port

Discarding Learning Forwarding BPDUs sent from all switches Differences 802.1w RSTP Port States Portfast

Speeding up Convergence

UplinkFast BackboneFast

Host Port Edge port No longer edge if BPDU received Root port Port Types Designated Port Must go through traditional 802.1D convergence If on a shared media(half duplex) Because multiple switches might be involved. point-to-point port

Rapid Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Multiple Spanning Tree

RPVST+

MST Internal Spanning Tree IST