PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Non-Modifiable Factors:
Geographical Area: tropical islands in the Pacific (Philippines) and Asia Climate: TROPICAL Occupation: Factory Worker in a Bottling Company Sweaty Skin

Modifiable Factors:
Environmental Conditions: Stagnant creek near their home Smoker

Breeding Grounds for Mosquitoes

Smoking for 5 years; 7-8 cigarettes per day

Aedes aegypti (dengue virus carrier): 8-12 days of viral replication on mosquitos salivary glands

HYDROGEN CYANIDE

CO Combines with NICOTINE Hemoglobin

Redness & itchiness in the area

Bite from a Mosquito (Portal of Entry in the Skin) Dengue Virus inoculated towards the circulation/blood (Incubation Period: 3-14 days)

Destruction of Cilias in the Trachea Impaired Cough Reflex Decreased ability to expectorate irritants

Loss of Elasticity in the Alveoli Impaired Alveoli Function Loss of Surface Area for gas exchange

Carboxyhemoglobin Brochoconstriction Ineffective delivery of O2 to body tissues Tissue Hypoxia

INFLAMMATION

Virus rapidly disseminates into the blood

Reduction of Aspiration of Pulmonary Capacity Respiratory Irritants Immuno-compromised Host

Increased Synthesis of Prostaglandins Sensitize receptors

Increased Stimulation of Mast Cells

Release of Inflammatory chemicals (kinins, histamines, etc.)

Discolorations of mucus membranes and adjacent tissues (Mouth) Diagnostic: Hematology : Increased WBC: 14.25 x 10 g/L (4.5-10 x 10 g/L) Increased CHEMOTAXIS Lymphocytes: 58 (17-48) Stimulation of WBCs Increased in Monocytes: 10 (4-10) Neutrophils

Release of Neurotransmitters Depolarization of Neurons Action Potential Repolarization Spinal Cord Limbic System Cerebral Cortex Headache Facial grimace during pain

B-Lymphocytes

Monocytes/Macrophages Immunoglobulins (Antibodies) Attach to Viral Antigens Phagocytosis Increases Macrophages Production Release of Exogenous Pyrogens Destroyed and absorbed by phagocytes Endogenous pyrogens from phagocytes Interleukin 1, 6, TNF, IF Hypothalamus Sensitization Mild Fever (intermittent esp. During afternoon) (38.5o Celcius)

Increases Inflammatory response Increases