-1Terminology What is meant by ..

(a) (b)

hydrocarbon? Compound that contain only carbon and hydrogen. strong alkali? Chemical substance that ionize completely in water to produce high concentration of OHions. weak acid? Chemical substance that ionize partially in water to produce low concentration of H+ ions. polymer? A large molecule that is made up of many identical repeating sub-units called monomers. rate of reaction? The speed at which reactants are converted into products in a chemical reaction. salt? An ionic compound formed when the hydrogen ion,H+ of an acid is replaced by a metal ion or an ammonium ion, NH4+. Activation energy? Minimum energy that must be overcome by reactant particles before a reaction takes place. electrolysis? A process whereby an electrolyte is broken down into its constituent elements when electricity is passed through the electrolyte. ion? A positively-charged or negatively-charged particle. saponification? The hydrolysis of an ester to acid and alcohol(glycerol) by alkali. or process of making soap from hydrolysis of an ester (fat, oil ) redox reaction? Reaction that involves transfer of electron. Or reaction that involve change of oxidation number. unsaturated hydrocarbon? Compound that contain only carbon and hydrogen and has at least one multiple bond. heat of neutralization? Heat change when 1 mole of water is formed from the reaction between 1 mole H+ and 1 mole OH-. or heat change when 1 mole of water is formed from the reaction between an acid and an alkali. double decomposition reaction/precipitation? A reaction used in the preparation of insoluble salt that involves changes of ions. vulcanization? Process whereby natural rubber is reacted with sulphur. heat of displacement? Heat change when 1 mole of a metal is displaced from its salt solution by a more electropositive metal. isomer? Substances (compound) with the same molecular formula molekul but with different structural formulae.

(c) (d) (e) (f)

(g) (h)

(i) (j)

(k)

(l) (m)

(n) (o) (p)

(q)

-2(r)
empirical formula? Chemical formula that shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound. molecular formula? Chemical formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element that are present in a molecule (of a compound). melting point of a substance? Temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid.

(s)

(t)