The Voice Journal

VOICE
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Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
Weekly
http://www.thevoicemyanmar.com
Vol.9 / No.12
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OICE
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March
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2013
Vol.9 / No.12
A
47
VOICE
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Vol.9 / No.12 - March 25 - 31 , 2013
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
THE VOICE WEEKLY 3
NEWS
VOICE
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4
The
VOICE
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
EDITORIAL
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t,f'Dwm (21-3-2013)
The
VOICE
The Product of
Myanmar Partners
Think Tank
Group
(A Sister
Publication of
Living Color Magazine)
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VOICE
The
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
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6
The
VOICE
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
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VOICE
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ay:xGufa&; tpDtpOfrsm;udk rwfv 7 &ufaeYu pwifaeNyDjzpf (owif;azmfjyNyD; The Voice Weekly Vol.
9/No. 11) onf/
15
VOICE
The
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(National Water Resources
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(Hot Water Resource Issues) tcsKdU
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pDrHudef;qkdygpdkY/ oleJYywfoufwJh
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cGifhr&SdvkdYyg/ 'gayrJh rdwfaqGwcsKdUqD
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a&avSmifrIBuD;aMumifh {&m0wDjrpf
atmufydkif;rSm jzpfvmrnfh ZvaA'
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avhvmxm;wmr&Sdyg/
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jzpfygw,f/ tcktcsdet
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ay:rSmawmh a&avSmif? a&vTq
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'gaMumif h ZvaA'avh v mrI r S m
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pepfwpfckjzpf&ygrnf/ pD;yGm;jzpf
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Linear Response r[kwy
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a&aeow0g? ig;rsKd;quf ponf
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19
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20
The
VOICE
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
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21
VOICE
The
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
VOICE FROM ABROAD

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PHOTO NEWS
22
The
VOICE
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
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Vol.9 / No.12
The
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25
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March 25 - 31, 2013
FREEWARE
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27
THE VOICE WEEKLY 27
Vol.9 / No.12 - March 25 - 31 , 2013
PERSPECTIVE
VOICE
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Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
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q&mOD;jrwfodef;u tkef;awmtaqmifrSL;/ azazunbufudk
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a&mufjzpfwm/ tcef;xJrSm a&mufaeMuwJholawGu touf
tydkif;tjcm;trsKd;rsKd;yg0ifMuw,f/ tm;vHk;upD;yGm;a&;udk
udk,fwkdifudk,fus OD;pD;vkyfaeMuolawG/ trSefawmh olwkdYvkd
pD;yGm;a&;udk vufawGUususvkyfaqmifEkdifwJh trsKd;orD;awGudk
tckvdktzGJUtpnf;zGJUxm;wm tifrwef0rf;omp&mudpygyJ/
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aqmif & nf t oif ; vk d Y a y;xm;wm/ t*F v d y f v k d Myanmar
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a&;pGrf;aqmif&,folrsm;vkdY bmomjyefxm;cJhwm/ azaztaeeJY
uawmh Enterprenear qkdwmudk ]pGefYxGifOD;pD;}vkdYjyefqkdcJhw,f/
q&mOD;&Jjrifhuawmh ]pGefYOD;wDxGif}vkdY jyefqkdcJhw,f/ t"dym,f
uodyfuGmjcm;rI r&SdvSygbl;/ Enterprenear &JU a0g[m&rSm
t"dym,foHk;rsKd;yl;wGJxm;wm awGU&ygw,f/ wpfckuawmh
pGefYpm;jcif; (risk-taking) jzpfw,f/ trSefawmh b,fae&mrSm
rqkd atmifjrifcsif&if pGefYpm;&rSmomjzpfwm/ rsm;rsm;pGefYpm;wJh
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wpfckjzpfygw,f/
'kwd,tcsufu wDxGifrI (Innovation) jzpfygw,f/ b,f
ae&mrSmjzpfjzpf topftqef;wDxGifrI[m tvGefta&;BuD;yg
w,f/ vufbuf&nfqkdifwpfckrSm vufbuf&nfa&mif;aewJh
tcg topftqef;jzpfatmif trsKd;rsKd;pOf;pm;NyD; rkefYyJoa&pm
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OD;aqmifrIrSefrSefuefuefay;EkdifzdkY tvGefta&;BuD;vSwm awGU
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jzpfwJh pGefYpm;rI? wDxGifrIeJY OD;aqmifrI yg0ifrS&rSmjzpfaMumif;
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jzpf N yD ; Vienna wu o d k v f u ygarmu *sL;vl r sKd ; wpf O D ; /
pD;yGm;a&;ynmrSm tvGefxl;jcm;ajymifajrmufwJhol 'gayrJh
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EkdifiHuae tar&duefEdkifiHudk xGufajy;cJhw,f/ emrnfBuD;
Harvard University rSm ygarmutjzpf wm0ef,lNyD; Centre for
Entrepreneurship Studies pGeYf xi
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rSm txl;jcm;qHk;tokH;tEIef;wpf&yfudk azmfxkwfcJhygw,f/
olu pGefYxGifOD;pD;rI[m Creative Destruction jzpfw,fvkdY qkdcJh
w,f/ t"dym ,fu tjyKoabmaqmifwhJ zsuq
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tckvdk zsufqD;wJhae&mrSm zsufvdkzsufqD;vkyfwmr[kwfbJ
tjyKoabmaqmifwJh zsufqD;rIrsKd;jzpfygw,f/
a[majymyGJ
tawGYtBuHK (120)
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pGefYxGifOD;pD;rIvkdYajym&if azazu ]]ief;euf}}udk tNrJowd

&rdw,f/ azazwdkYpD;yGm;a&;ynmu uyfoD;uyfoyf ]]ief;euf
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vlrsKd;awG Australia jynfa&mufawmh ief;teufwpfaumifudk
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apmapmuief ; awG t m;vH k ; [m jzL&r,f q k d w J h oD t k d & D [ m
csufcsif;ysufoGm;a&m r[kwfvm;/ 'gaMumifh pGefYxGifOD;pD;wJhol
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wpfaumifwnf;awGUzdkYvkdw,fav/
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olawGtm;vHk;udk tzGJUav;zGJU zGJUpnf;ay;vdkufw,f/ zGJUpnf;wJh
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jzpfapEdkifr,fhtcsufawGudk azmfxkwfapcJhw,f/ 'Dvkdaqmif&Guf
wJhae&mrSmvnf; 'Drdkua&pDpepfudk usifhoHk;NyD; tzGJU0iftm;vHk;
rSm ajymcGifhqkdcGifh&Sdw,f/ yg0ifaqG;aEG;cGifh&Sdw,f/ wpfa,muf
ajymwmudk usefwJholawGu [efYwm;wmudk rvkyf&bl;/ ruefY
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rvkHavmufbl;orD;/ 'gaMumifh azazutvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJyHkpH
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pd w f 0 if p m;zd k Y a umif ; wm/ wm0ef a y;tyf w mcsif ; twl w l
jzpfayr,fh 'Dwm0efudkxrf;aqmifMuwJhtcg ]]wpfausmif;
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tckvdk rwlwmu tESpfom&yJ orD;/ tm;vHk;yHkpHwlae&if
tvum;aygh/ azazu tckvkd vGwv
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ta&;ay;&if awmh tNrJwef;tvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJ awGvkyfaerSmyJ/
bmaMumihf'Dvdk aqmif&GufzdkYvdkovJqdkwmudk pOf;pm;vkduf&if
vlwkdif;tay: tjynhft0,HkMunfrI&Sd&r,fqdkwJh t,ltqyJ/
wpfenf;ajym&&if azaz tNrJajymaewJh (Trust) udpyg/ vlawG
udk ,HkrS tckvdk vGwfvGwfvyfvyf pOf;pm;cGifhtajz&SmcGifhay;
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wifjycJhNyD; tvkyfHkaqG;aEG;yGJudk tqHk;owfcJhygw,f/ NyD;awmh
q&mrBuD; a':&D&Djrifh? Ou| a':0g0gxGef;eJY trIaqmifawG
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toif;BuD;uazazudk *g&0vufaqmifay;cJhw,f/
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jzpfrdyg&JU orD;/ azaz&JU tm;enf;csufyg/ tm;vHk;twGuf
vkyfay;csifwJhqEaMumifh wpfcgwav tckvdk tcuftcJeJY
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ovkd trSm;qdkwm r&Sdygbl;/ oifcef;pmom &Sdygw,f orD;/
ygarmua'gufwmatmifxGef;ouf
29
VOICE
The
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
k;&yfudk ydkif;jcm;usifhoHk;jcif;ESifh tjyeftvSefxdef;

tm PmoH
ausmif;onfh oabmw&m;
(Separation of powers and

check & balance - Charles Montesquieu) rsm;udk aemufyi
kd ;f zGYJpnf;yHk
tajccHOya'rsm;wGif t*Fg&yfwpfcktaejzifh jy|mef;avh&Sdonf/

zGYJpnf;yHt
k ajccHOya' (2008) yk'rf 11 (u) wGiv
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tcsKyftjcmtmPmoHk;&yfjzpfonfh Oya'jyKa&;? tkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh
w&m;pDa&;tmPmwdkYudk ydkif;jcm;oHk;pGJ&rnfjzpfaMumif; azmfjy
xm;onf/ xdYk jyif yk'rf 11 (c) t& txufygydik ;f jcm; xm;onfh
tmPmrsm;udk jynfaxmifpk? wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;? jynfe,frsm;ESifh
udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&pD&ifpkrsm;tm; cGJa0tyfESif;aMumif;azmfjy
xm;onf/ xdkYaMumifh Oya'jyKa&;tmPmrsm;udk usifhoHk;&ef
jynfaxmifpv
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T af wmf (trsK;d om;vTwaf wmf + jynfoYlvw
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T af wmfrsm;ESihf ud,
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odkYaomfpma&;olwdkYEdkifiHonf vTwfawmfESifhwlaom vTwfawmf
rsm;ESihf 1962 ckEpS f aemufyikd ;f umvtawmfMum uif;uGmcJah om
EdkifiHwpfEdkifiH jzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh zGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya'
(2008)twGif; azmfjyxm;aom Oya'jyKa&;tmPm\ tcef;
u@udk tusOf;csKH; rdwq
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jynfaxmifpt
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jynfe,frsm;wGif ygvDrefoabmqefqef usio
hf ;kH xm;aomfvnf;
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vkyif ef; oabmobm0rSm rsm;pGmuGmjcm;rIr&So
d jzifh jynfaxmifpk
Oya'jyKa&;tmPmudk usifhoHk;onfhtzGJYtpnf;rsm;\ tcef;
u@ukdtusOf;csHK;azmfjyvdkuf&ygonf/
1/ rJay;a&G;cs,fjcif; (odkhr[kwf) twnfjyKjcif;

(Electoral Power)
(u) Edik if aH wmforwESihf 'kw,

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f ifajrmufjcif;
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k ajccHOya'yk'rf 60 t& jynfaxmifpv
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T af wmf&dS
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;onf EdkifiHawmforw a&G;cs,fwifajrmufa&;
tzGJY (Presidential Electoral College) taeESihf EdkifiHawmforw
ESifh 'kwd,orrsm;udk a&G;cs,fwifajrmufcGifh&Sdonf/ (rsm;aom
tm;jzifh EdkifiHawmforwESifh 'kwd,orwrsm;udk jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmfu a&G;cs,fonf[k ajymavh&SdMuonf/ orwpepf
usifhoHk;aomEdkifiHrsm;wGif EdkifiHawmftBuD;tuJ (Head of State)
ESifh tpdk;&tBuD;tuJ (Head of Government) jzpfol orwudk
rsm;aomtm;jzifh vTwfawmfu a&G;cs,favhr&SdbJ oD;jcm;
a&G;aumufyGJrsm;usif;y a&G;cs,favh&Sdonf/ wcsKdUaom
EdkifiHrsm;wGif orwudk jynfoluwdkufdkuf a&G;cs,fwifajrmuf
jcif;wufovdk tar&duefuJhodkYaom EkdifiHrsm;wGif orw
a&G;cs,fwifajrmufa&;tzGJY (Electoral College) u a&G;cs,f
wifajrmufonf/ pma&;olwdkYEdkifiH\ a&G;cs,fyHkrSm oD;jcm;
a&G;aumufyGJrsm;rvkyfbJ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f
rsm;udk EdkifiHawmforw a&G;cs,fwifajrmufa&;tzGJYu a&G;cs,f
&ef wm0efay;tyfxm;jcif;jzpfonf/ qdv
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kd nfrmS vTwaf wmf
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;taejzifh jynfaxmifpkv T w f a wmf q d k o nf h
tzGJYtpnf;udk udk,fpm;jyKjcif;r[kwb
f ?J Edik if aH wmforw a&G;cs,f
wifajrmufa&;tzGJUqdkonfh tzGJYtpnf;udk udk,fpm;jyK a&G;cs,f
jcif;jzpfonf/ (yk'fr - 60)
(c) jynfaxmifpktqifhtzGJYtpnf;0ifrsm;tm;a&G;cs,ftwnf
jyKjcif;
xdkYtjyif EdkifiHawmforwonf jynfaxmifpktpdk;&tzGJY
wGif yg0ifrnfh jynfaxmifpk0efBuD;rsm;\ trnfpm&if;rsm;
(umuG,af &;? jynfxaJ &;ESihf e,fpyf a&;&m0efBuD;Xmersm;twGuf
wyfrawmfom;udk,fpm;vS,frsm;\ trnfpm&if;udk wyfrawmf
umuG,fa&; OD;pD;csKyfxHrS&,l&rnf/) a&SUaecsKyfwdkY\trnf
pm&if;rsm;udk jynfaxmifpv
k w
T af wmfoYkd wifoiG ;f &mwGif jynfaxmifpk
vTwaf wmfu oabmwl? rwl rJay;qH;k jzwfciG &hf o
dS nf/ xdYk tjyif
pm&if;ppfcsKyf? jynfaxmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyfESifh w&m;olBuD;rsm;?
EdkifiHawmfzGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya'qdkif&mcHkHk;Ou|ESifh tzGJY0ifrsm;
(a&G;cs,frItqifhwGif zGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya'yk'fr - 321 t&
EdkifiHawmf orwu oHk;OD;? jynfolYvTwfawmfOu|u oHk;OD;ESifh
trsKd;om;vTwfawmfOu|u oHk;OD; toDoD;a&G;cs,f&rnf
jzpfonf/)\ trnfpm&if;rsm;udk Edik if aH wmforwu jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmfodkY wifoGif;vmaomtcg jynfaxmifpk vTwaf wmfu
oabmwl? rwl rJay;qH;k jzwfEikd o
f nf/ odYk aomf xdkodkY twnfjyK
qHk;jzwf&mwGif txufygyk*dKvfrsm;wGif t&nftcsif; rjynfYpHk
aMumif; taxmuftxm; txift&Sm;rjyEdik yf gu jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmftaejzifh jiif;y,fcGifhr&Sday/
(*) pmcsKyfrsm;ESifh oabmwlnDcsufrsm;tm; twnfjyKjcif;
EdkifiHawmforwtaeESifh jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfOya'
yk'fr 61 (c) Z,m; 2 wGif azmfjyxm;aom udp& yfrsm; (udp& yf

30 ck) ESifhywfouf rdrd\oabmqEjzifh tjynfjynfqkdif&m?
a'oqdkif&m odkYr[kwf EdkifiHtcsif;csif;qdkif&m pmcsKyfrsm;?
oabmwlnDcsufrsm; twnfjyKaqmif&Gufjcif;? y,fzsufjcif;?
EkwfxGufjcif;rsm;jyKEdkifaomfvnf; jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfOya'
yk'fr 61 (u) Z,m; 1 azmfjyxm;aomudp&yfrsm; (udp&yf
ckepfck) ESifhywfoufvQif jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfodkY wifoGif;
twnfjyK&rnfjzpfonf/
2/ pGyfpGJjypfwifjcif;
(Impeachment Power)
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftaeESifh EdkifiHawmforw? 'kwd,

orwrsm;ESifh jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ oabmwlnDcsufjzifh
cefYtyfxm;aom jynfaxmifpktqifh tzGJYtpnf;0ifrsm;udk
zGJYpnf;yHktajccH Oya' yk'fr 71? yk'fr 233 ? yk'rf 302 (u)
(*)? yk'fr 334 wdkYwGif jy|mef;xm;aom taMumif;t&m
wpf&yf&yfESifh NidpGef;vQif ,if;jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnD pGyfpGJ
jypfwifEdkifonf/
3/ tajccHOya'jyifqifjcif;
(Constituent Power)
zGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya' (2008) t& jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf

onf zGYJ pnf;yHt
k ajccH Oya'udk jyifqifciG &hf adS om wpfcw
k nf;aom
tzGJYtpnf;jzpfonf/ yk'fr 436 (u) wGif azmfjyxm;aom
jy|mef;csufESifh oufqdkifaom yk'frta&twGuf (95) ckudk
zGJYpnf;yHk
tajccHOya'ESifU
Oya'jyKa&;u@
Edkifvif;xGef;
jyifqifvdkvQif jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,ftm;vHk;\
75 &mcdkifEIef;ausmf (Super Majority) axmufcHrJ&&SdNyD;aemuf jy
nfvHk;uRwfqEcH,lyGJusif;y&rnfjzpfonf/ ,if;jynfvHk;
uRwfqEcH,lyGJwGif rJay;cGifh&Sdoltm;vHk; (Oya't& rJay;cGifh
t&nftcsif;jynhfrSDol tm;vHk;)\ xuf0ufausmfqErJjzifh
jyifqifEdkifonf/ yk'fr 436 (c)ESifhoufqdkifonfh yk'fr
ta&twGuf 362 cktm;jyifqifvdkvQif jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf
udk,fpm;vS,ftm;vHk;\ 75 &mcdkifEIef;ausmf (Super Majority)
axmufcHrJjzifh jyifqifEdkifonf/ jynfvHk;uRwfqEcH,lyGJ usif;y
&efrvdkyg/
4/ Oya'jyKjcif;ESifU tkyfcsKyfa&;r@dKif? w&m;pD&ifa&;r@dKif

rsm;tm;apmifUMunfUxdef;ausmif;jcif;
(Legislative and Surveillance Power)
Oya'jyKjcif;ESifh tjyeftvSefxdef;ausmif;jcif;udp&yfrsm;
onf Oya'jyKa&;r@dKif\ t"duvkyfief;wm0efrsm;jzpfonf/
vTwfawmf (odkYr[kwf) aumfrwDrsm;wGif tqdkwifoGif;jcif; ?
ar;cGef;ar;jref;jcif;rsm;onf tqH;k wGif Oya'jyKjcif;ESihf tkycf sKyaf &;
r@dKif? w&m;pD&ifa&;r@dKifrsm;udk apmifhMunfhxdef;ausmif; jcif;
oabmomjzpfonf/
zGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya't& jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfonf
yk'fr 96 Z,m; 1 ? yk'fr 98 (<uif;useftmPm- Residual
power -Oyrm - wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwfawmf
qdkif&mOya'? wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,ftpdk;&tzGJY
Oya' ) ES i f h yk ' f r 99 (jynf a xmif p k e ,f a jr - vuf & S d
aejynfawmf -twGuf jy|mef;&efvdktyfaom Oya'tm;vHk;)
ywfouf Oya'jy|mef;ydkifcGifh&Sdonf/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf
rS twnfjyKjy|mef;aom Oya'udk EdkifiHawmforwtaejzifh
yk'fr 105 t& 14 &uftwGif; vufrSwfa&;xdk; Oya'tjzpf
xkwfjyefaMunm&rnfjzpfonf/ tajccHOya'twGif;oD;jcm;
jy|mef;csufryg&Sdojzifh pae? we*FaEG av;&ufygxnfhoGif;
a&wGuf&rnfjzpfonf/ tqdkyg 14 &uftwGif; EdkifiHawmf
orwu rdrd\oabmxm;rSwfcsufESifhtwl jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmfodkY jyefvnfay;ydkYEdkifonf/ 14 &uftwGif; EdkifiHawmf
or w u jyef v nf a y;yd k Y jcif ; r&S d v Qif a omf v nf ; aumif ; ?

EdkifiHawmforw vufrSwfa&;xdk; xkwfjyefaMunmjcif;r&Sv
d Qif
aomf v nf ; owf r S w f & uf j ynf h v Qif Ed k i f i H a wmf o r w
vufrSwfa&;xdk;ouJhodkY Oya'jzpfvmrnfjzpfonf/ tu,f
Ed k i f i H a wmf o r w onf 14 &uf t wG i f ; Oya'Murf ; tm;
rd r d o abmxm;rS w f c suf j zif h jyef v nf a y;yd k Y vmvQif
jynf a xmif p k v T w f a wmf u aqG ; aEG ; qH k ; jzwf & rnf / xd k o d k Y
aqG ; aEG ; qH k ; jzwf & mwG i f Oya'Murf ; ud k Ed k i f i H a wmf o r w
oabmxm;rSwfcsuftwdkif; jyifqifEdkifouJhodkY ,ciftwdkif;
rjyif&efqHk;jzwf EdkifiHawmforwxH jyefvnfay;ydkYEdkifonf/
xdkYodkYrjyifbJ twnfjyKEdkif&eftvdkYiSm ,cifOya'Murf;udk
twnf j yK&ef vd k t yf c J h a om jynf a xmif p k v T w f a wmf
udk,fpm;vS,f\ xuf0ufausmfqErJ (Simple Majority) om
vdkonf/ omrefxufydkaom trsm;pkrJ (Super Majority) rvdk
yg/ xdkodkYtwnfjyKNyD; jyefvnfay;ydkYvQif EdkifiHawmforwu
ck e pf & uf t wG i f ; vuf r S w f a &;xd k ; xk w f j yef & rnf j zpf o nf /
jyef v nf a y;yd k Y v maomOya'Murf ; ud k ed k i f i H a wmf o r w u
vuf r S w f a &;xd k ; jcif ; rjyKvQif owf r S w f u mvjynf h a jrmuf
onfhaeYwGif EdkifiHawmforw vufrSwfa&;xdk;ouJhodkY twnf
jzpfvmrnfjzpfonf/
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfu Oya'jy|mef;onfhtcg yk'fr
97 (u) t& enf ; Oya'? pnf ; rsOf ; ES i f h pnf ; urf ; rsm;
xkwfjyefcGifhudk oufqdkif&mjynfaxmifpktqifh tzGJYtpnf;rsm;
tm;vTJtyfEdkifonf/ odkYaomf jynfaxmifpktqifhtzGJYtpnf;rs
m;onf enf;Oya'? pnf;rsOf;ESifh pnf;urf;rsm; xkwfjyefNyD;onfh
tcg yk'fr 137 t& jynfolYvTwfawmfwGifvnf;aumif;? yk'fr
157 t& trsKd;om;vTwfawmfwGifvnf;aumif; vTwfawmfOuX
toD;oD;\ cGifhjyKonfhtpDtpOfjzifh oufqdkif&mvTwfawmf
ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;xH jzefYa0&rnfjzpfonf/ vTwaf wmfu,
kd pf m;vS,f
rsm;onf tqdkyg enf;Oya'? pnf;rsOf;ESifh pnf;urf;udk rl&if;
Oya'ESifh nDnGwfrI&Sd^r&Sd pdppf&rnfjzpfNyD; nDnGwfrI r&Sdygu
avhvmawGY&cdS sufrsm;udk &ufaygif; 90 twGi;f oufqikd f&m
vT w f a wmf o d k Y wif o G i f ; &rnf j zpf o nf / vT w f a wmf E S p f & yf
oabmxm;uGJvGJygu jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfodkYwifjy&rnf
jzpfonf/ tqdkyg Oya'? enf;Oya'? pnf;rsnf;ESifh pnf;urf;
rsm;udk taumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Gufonfhtcg jynfolY
vTwfawmfonf yk'fr 115 t&aomfvnf;aumif;? trsKd;om;
vTwfawmftaejzifh yk'fr 147 t&aomfvnf;aumif; t&yf&yf
aom aumfrwDrsm;zGJYpnf; oufqdkif&mtzGJYtpnf;rsm;\
taumif t xnf a zmf a qmif & G u f a erI r sm;ud k apmif h M unf h
xdef;ausmif;Edkifonf/
Oya'? enf;Oya'? pnf;rsnf;ESifh pnf;urf; ponfwdkYESifh
nDnGwfjcif;r&Sdygu aumfrwDtwGif; oufqdkifoltoD;oD;
(jyKol? tjyKcH&ol? Oya'ynm&Sif? bmom&yfqkdif&muRrf;usif
yk*dKvf ponfh) wdkYudkzdwfMum; ar;cGef;rsm;ar;jref;jcif;?
Mum;em;jcif;? rsm;udkjyKEdkifonf/ tqdkyg Oya'? enf;Oya'?
pnf;rsnf;ESifh pnf;urf;rsm;ESifh tnDtaumiftxnfazmf&mwGi?f
(wpfenf;tm;jzifh) jynfolYa&;&m0efaqmifrIrsm;ay;&mwGif
Oya'jy|mef;csurf sm;\ tm;enf;csurf sm;&Syd gu tqdyk gOya'\
tm;enf;csufrsm;udk oufqkdif&maumfrwD (odkYr[kwf) wpfck
xufydkaomaumfrwDrsm;u avYvmqef;ppf tm;enf;csuf
rsm;tm;jyifqif&eftqdk (odkYr[kwf)Oya'Murf;udk oufqdkif&m
vTwfawmftpnf;ta0; (Plenary Meeting) odkYwifjyNyD; rJcGJ
twnfjyK&rnfjzpfonf/
orwpepfusio
hf ;kH Edik if rH sm;wGif vTwaf wmfrsm; aumif;rGepf mG
ouf0ifvIyf&Sm;a&;twGuf aumfrwDrsm;\tcef;u@rSm
tvGefpGmta&;BuD;vSygonf/ vTwfawmfBuD;wpfckvHk;taejzifh
,l&onfhwm0efrsm;udk oufqdkif&mu@ toD;oD;udk txl;jyK
onfhaumfrwDrsm;u cGJa0,lvdkufjcif;yifjzpfonf( Division of
Labour)/ tqd k y gaumf r wD t oD ; oD ; onf if ; wd k Y t xl ; jyK
xm;onfhu@ESiyhf wfoufaom Oya'Murf;rsm;udk tpysK;d &mae&m
jzpfouJhodkY if;wdkYtxl;jyKxm;onfh u@udt
k aumiftxnf
azmfaqmif&u
G af eonfh tkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh w&m;pD&ifa&;u@
rsm;&St
d zGYJ tpnf;rsm;udk apmifMh unfx
h ed ;f ausmif;&ef t"duwm0ef
&Sdaom tzGJYtpnf;rsm;jzpfonf/
Edkifvif;xGef;
udk;um;- jynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEdkifiHawmfzGJYpnf;yHk
tajccHOya' (2008 ckESpf)
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfqdkif&mOya'
jynfaxmifpktpdk;&tzGJYOya'
30
The
VOICE
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
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EdkifiHrsm;udk rsufuvJqefjym rjzpfap&ef owdjyKaejcif;aMumifh
jzpfonf[k&Sif;vif;cJhMuonf/ tjcm;aom uRrf;usifolrsm;u
vnf; jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd ppftpdk;&\ oabm obm0udk xnfhoGif;
wGucf sufxm;jcif;aMumifh jzpfaMumif;? jrefrmppfacgif;aqmifrsm;
onf ajrmufbuf&Sd wkwfEkdifiHESifh &if;ESD;eufIdif;vSaom
r[mAsL[mqufqHa&;rsm; xm;vdk[efr&Sdjcif;? oHo,wdk;yGm;
vmEdkifjcif; ponfhtaMumif;tcsufrsm;udk xkwfazmfajymMum;
cJhMuonf/ ta&;BuD;onfrSm wkwfEkdifiHonf twdwfumv
tajctaersm;t& jynfwiG ;f a&;ESihf e,fpyfwpfavQmuf wnfNidrrf I
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tusKd;pD;yGm;ESifh MoZmvTrf;rdk;rIrsm; BuD;rm;us,fjyefYvmonfh
twGuf jrefrmEdkifiH\r[mAsL[mta&;ygrIrmS kwjf cnf;jrifrh m;
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ydkif; wkwfEidk if \
H jrefrmEkid if H qdik &f mrl0g'udk (1) r[mAsL[m
ajrmuf bufpyHk ;l aygif;aqmif&u
G f a&;rdwzf uftjzpfxal xmifjcif;?
(2) a'owGi;f qufqaH &; Regional Diplomacy wGif jrefrmEkid if \
H
axmufcrH &I ,ljcif;? (3) ppfa&;t&yl;aygif;aqmif&GufEdkifrIt
vm;tvm? (4) ,leef jynfe,ftwGuf aygif;ul;a&;r[mAsL[m
Yunnans Bridgehead Strategy ponfh av;rsKd;tay:wGif
tajccHaqmif&GufvmcJhonf/
3-2 bufpkHr[mAsL[majrmufyl;aygif;aqmif&Gufa&;rdwfzuf
vlaerIb0wdk;wufjrifhrm;vmap&ef aqmif&Gufaom BudK;yrf;

tm;xkwfrIrsm;udk axmufcHrIjyKonf/ if;tjyif jrefrmEkdifiHrS
One China Policy udk qufvufxm;&Sd&ef vdkvm;cJhonf/
jrefrmtpdk;&opfudk todtrSwfjyKjcif;? axmufcHjcif;onf One
China Policy udk jrefrmEkdifiHu udkifqGJxm;jcif;tm; &&Sdvdkaom
aMumifhjzpfonf/ EdkifiHjcm;a&;rl0g'qdkif&mtm;jzifh tmqD,H+3?
tmqD,H+1 ESifh GMS ponfwdkYtygt0if a'owGif; yl;aygif;
aqmif&GufrIrsm;wGif jrefrmEkdifiHESifh yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI cdkifcdkif
rmrmxm;&Sdvdkonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh a'owGif;yl;aygif;aqmif
&GufrIrsm;wGif wpfEdkifiHESifhwpfEkdifiH tjyeftvSefaxmufcHjcif;
tm;jzifh jrefrmEkdifiHESifhaygif;pyfndEIdif;rIrsm; wdk;jrifhay:ayguf
vm&ef arQmfvifhxm;cJhjyD; wkwfEkdifiH\ a'owGif; EkdifiHjcm;a&;
rl0g'tpDtpOfrsm;udk axmufcHay;rnfh r[mrdwfwpfOD;tjzpf
jrefrmEkdifiHudk vdkvm;cJhonf/
3.3 China Seeking Myanmars Support on Multilateral Platforms
3.2 A Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership
2011 ckEpS f arvtwGi;f abusif;odYk Ekid if aH wmforwBuD;

tvnftywf oGm;a&mufco
hJ nfh c&D;pOftwGi;f wkwEf iS jhf refrm
ESpfEdkifiHqufqHa&;udk bufpkHr[mAsL[majrmuf yl;aygif;
aqmif&Gufa&;rdwfzuftqifhodkY wdk;jrifhvdkufaMumif; aMunmcJh
onf/ onfrSm wkwfEkdifiHtaejzifh jrefrmEkdifiHudk r[m
AsL[majrmufqufqHa&;tjzpf yxrOD;qkH; twnfjyKowfrSwf
ay;vdu
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f nf q,fpEk pS f
rsm;pGm &if;ESD;cspfMunfaom EdkifiHa&;rdwfzuf? pD;yGm;a&;rdwfzuf
tjzpf wnf&SdcJh&mrS aemufwpfqifhodkY ul;ajymif;wufvSrf;vdkuf
jcif;jzpfaMumif; wkwEf idk if rH S jrefrmhta&;uRr;f usio
f l xdyw
f ef;
ynm&Sif Song Qingrun u w&m;0if xkwfazmfajymMum;cJhonf/
wkwf-jrefrmqufqHa&; ydkrdkeD;uyfonfxuf eD;uyfvmrnf
[laom arQmfrSef;csufrsm;onfvnf; txl;yifjrifhrm;cJhonf/
bufpkHr[mAsL[majrmuf yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufa&; rdwfzuf
wGif yg0ifonfh e,fy,frsm;udkcsrSwf&mwGif wkwforw
[lusiaf wmifu atmufygtcsufav;csufudktav;ay;ajym
Mum;cJhonf/
(1) ESpfEdkifiHqufqHa&; wdk;jrifhjcif;ESifh tqifhtwef;
toD;oD;wGif tjyeftvSefzvS,fjcif;? yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif;?
Chinas Strategic
Misjudgement on
Myanmar By Yun Sun
(Elevating Bilateral realtions and Expanding Exchanges and

Cooperation at All Levels)
rSL;aZmf
wkwfEdkifiH\
jrefrmr[mAsL[m
tcsdeftqtvGJ
(2) r[mAsL[majrmuf tjyeftvSef yHyh ;kd ulnrD I cdik rf ma&;?

(Strengthening Mutual Strategic Support)
(3) vufawGUyl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI eufeufIdif;Idif;wdk;jrifh

jcif;?
(Deepening Pragmatic Cooperation)
(4) e,fpyfa'ownfNidrfrIudk xdef;odrf;xm;&Sda&;

(Maintaining Border Stability)
wkwfEkdifiHonf qufqHa&;jrifhwifjcif;? e,fpyfa'o

wnfNidrfjcif; ponfh umv&SnfMum tav;xm;cJhonfh e,fy,f
rsm;udk OD;pm;ay;cJhojzifh eHygwf(1)ESifh eHygwf(4)tcsufwdkY
jyefvnfyg0ifvmjcif; jzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; eHygwf(2)ESifh
(3)tcsufwdkYrSm jrefrmEkdifiHtay: wkwfEkdifiH\ arQmfrSef;csuf
topfrsm; jzpfvmcJhonf/
yxrtcsufjzpfaom r[mAsL[majrmuf tjyeftvSef
yHhydk;ulnDrI cdkifrma&;rSm wkwf-jrefrm ESpfEdkifiHtMum; r[mAsL
[mudp&yfrsm;ESifhpyfvsOf; tjyeftvSefaxmufcHjcif;udk
&,lvdkaom wkwfEdkifiH\ arQmfrSef;csufudk azmfnTef;aeonf/
wkwfEkdifiHonf jrefrmjynfolrsm; a&G;cs,faom zGHUNzdK;a&;vrf;
aMumif;ESifh EdkifiHa&;pepfwdkYudk av;pm;rIxm;&SdjyD; tpdk;&opfrS
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The Voice Weekly
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31
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32
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37
THE VOICE WEEKLY 37
Vol.9 / No.12 - March 25 - 31 , 2013
VOICE
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
The
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
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41
VOICE
The
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
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42
The
VOICE
Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013
Soccer Weekly Fixtures

23-3-2013 (paen^we*FaEGeHeuf)
jrefrmae&Sife,fvd*f yGJpOf - 6
uarmZ - &wemyHk
nae 3;30 em&D
aZ,sma&Tajr - &ckid ,
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kd w
f uf
nae 4;00 em&D
rauG; - [Hom0wD
nae 4;00 em&D
{&m0wD - &efukef,lEdkufwuf
nae 4;00 em&D
2014 urmhzvm;ajcppfyGJ (Oa&myZkef)
qdkufy&yfpf-qGpfZmvef
n 11;00 em&D
2014 urmhzvm;ajcppfyGJ (tmz&duZkef)
uifr&Gef; - wdk*dk
n 9;00 em&D
uGef*dk - *gbGef
n 9;00 em&D
Edkif*sD;&D;,m; - uifnm
n 9;30 em&D
erD;bD;,m; - rmvm0D
n 9;30 em&D
qDeDa*g - tef*dkvm
n 11;30 em&D
tdkify&DudkYpf - *rfbD,m
n 11;30 em&D
bmuDemzmqdk - Edkif*sm
(we*FaEGeHeuf) eHeuf 00;30 em&D
wleD;&Sm; - qD&D,mvD,Gef
(we*FaEGeHeuf) eHeuf 00;40 em&D
awmiftmz&du-pifx&,ftmz&du (we*FaEGeHeuf) eHeuf 00;45 em&D
tm&Szvm;ajcppfyGJ
tif'ekd ;D &Sm; - aqmf't
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n 6;30 em&D
24-3-2013 (we*FaEGn) jrefrmae&Sife,fvd*f yGJpOf - 6
aejynfawmf - raemajr
nae 4;00 em&D
aqmuforf;jrefrm - ZGJuyif
nae 4;00 em&D
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n 6;30 em&D
rdkZrfbpf - *leD,m
n 7;30 em&D
vDqdkodk - ZrfbD,m
n 7;30 em&D
tDoD,dk;yD;,m; - abmhqGmem
n 7;30 em&D
&0rf'g - rmvD
n 8;00 em&D
uGef*dk DR - vpfAsm;
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vdkufab;&D;,m; - ,l*Em
n 10;30 em&D
*gem - ql'ef
n 10;30 em&D
25-3-2013 (wevFmn^t*FgeHeuf) EdkifiHwum ajcprf;yGJ
uae'g - bDvmkpf
n 9;30 em&D
k&Sm; - b&mZD;
eHeuf 2;00 em&D
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rav;&Sm; - ygvufpwdkif; (t*FgeHeuf)
eHeuf 6;30 em&D
tJvaf b;eD;,m;-vpfoal &;eD;,m; (t*FgeHeuf)
eHeuf 6;30 em&D
26-3-2013 (t*FgnÂk'[l;eHeuf)
2014 urmhzvm;ajcppfyGJ (Oa&myZkef)
tmar;eD;,m; - csuf
n 10;30 em&D
tZmbdkif*sef - ay:wl*D
n 11;30 em&D
tufpfwdk;eD;,m; - tef'dk&m
n 11;30 em&D
wl&uD - [efa*&D
eHeuf 1;00 em&D
(Ak'[l;eHeuf)
,lu&def; - armf'dkAm
eHeuf 1;30 em&D
(Ak'[l;eHeuf)
'def;rwf - blvfa*;&D;,m; (Ak'[l;eHeuf)
eHeuf 1;45 em&D
qm;bD;,m; - paumhwvef (Ak'[l;eHeuf)
eHeuf 2;00 em&D
e,fomvef - dkar;eD;,m; (Ak'[l;eHeuf)
eHeuf 2;00 em&D
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Breaking News
- 2022 urmhzvm;NyKdifyGJ usif;ycGihf&&Sdxm;onfh umwmEkdifiHonf NyKdifyGJusi;f ycGihf tcGit
hf vrf; qk;H I;H Ekid af Mumif;
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Vol.9 / No.12
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Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013

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Weekly ESifh oDw*lq&mawmf a'gufwmt&Si

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Vol.9 / No.12 - March 25 - 31 , 2013

Monday, March 25 - 31 , 2013

THE VOICE WEEKLY 3

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