Advanced Arabic

Types of sentences in Arabic

Knowing the type of sentence is very important in the conjugation
of Arabic

words.

In Arabic there are two types of sentences

(1)

The Verbal Sentence

a- Starts with a verb.
b- It has two main parts:

the doer + the verb

(It came, the victory)

The victory came

(He prays, the muslim)

The muslim prays

(2)

The Nominal Sentence

a- Starts with a noun.
b- It has two main parts:

information + first noun in

(predicate)
a sentence
(subject)

The book is blessed

Allaah is Gracious

This is a book

She is a girl

*Please note that the word

is starting with
. We should not

pronounce a
when we read it with. We say (Alismiyyah) not (Al-'ismiyyah).

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Advanced Arabic

The Nominal Sentence

The nominal sentence

, wherein (usually) the first word is a noun,

and it contains information about that noun.

It is formed of two parts:

1- The noun about which, we want to say something. It is called

Literally means: what we start with.

2- The information
we give about that noun.

Example: The messenger is honest

-

In the sentence above, we want to say something about the messenger

so it is
- The information we give about the messenger is that, 'he is trustee'

, so it

. In a very simple way is what came after 'is'

and agree in gender (masculine feminine
) , and in
number (singular , dual , plural
).

is

and are both in the case of

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Advanced Arabic

The reward (m. s.) is great (m. s.)

The muslim (f. s.) is chaste (f. s.)
The two men are righteous (m.d.)
The two sisters are beautiful (f. d.)
The performers of salaah (m. p.) are
bowing (down) (m. p.)
The boys (m. p.) are big (m. p.)
The righteous (f. p.) are obedient (f. p.)
The heavens (f. p.) are high (f. S)

(m.)

(f.)

(s.)
(d.)

(p.)

*Important note:
We mentioned before that and

agree in gender and in number.

( f. p.) and is
But in example 8 is
. Why?

Rule: The plural of nonhuman (animal, solids, plants) is treated as a feminine

singular i.e. (...
singular)
Ex .

all come in feminine

- (
) (

Note that in the Qur'aan you might find some exceptions to this rule.

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Advanced Arabic

Part 1:
Types of

)1- Noun (not pronoun

in the 8 examples mentioned in page 2, is a noun.

in these examples and

Conjugation
of

Remember the sign of conjugation of different types of noun, when they are in the
case

.

:
Same conjugation
for

:

.

for
Page 4

Same

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Advanced Arabic

.

:




.

:

.
:

.

:

.

:



.

:

.
:
Now you do the same with the following Nominal sentences:

.
: *

......................................................:








, we say at the beginning *When we do conjugation of the word
)

Page 5

( (The word of majesty is.

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Advanced Arabic

2- The separate pronoun

All pronouns are built on one form

, i.e. they have the same mark in all

positions.

Examples:
I am Muhammad
He is Allaah

. *

:
A pronoun that is built on one form with Sukoon, in the position of

.
:
*The long vowel is a type of Sukoon


.
:

.
:

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Advanced Arabic

3- Demonstrative pronoun

All Demonstrative pronouns are built on one form

,they are treated as

except those of dual

dual nouns.

.
:

.

:

.
:

.
:

.

:

.



:

Same for

.
:


.
:

Page 7

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Advanced Arabic
4- The relative pronoun

All relative pronouns are built on one form

except those of dual, they are

treated as dual nouns.

The one who (m. s.) prays is a believer

The one who (f. s.) play is Fatimah
The two who (m. d.) write are two students (m. d.)
The two (f. d.) in the house are young (f. d.)
The ones (m. p.) in the mosque are righteous (m. p.)
The ones who (f. p.) went out are students (f. p.)

Whoever wakes up early is active

Whatever with Allaah is good
*
is used for human of any gender and of any number.

*
*

is used in the standard Arabic for nonhuman of any gender and of any number.
(In the Qur'aan, it might be used for human for special reasons)

.
:

.
:
Same for

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Advanced Arabic

.

:

.

:

Same for

.

:

.
:


.

:



.
:

.
:

Page 9

Same for

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Advanced Arabic
5-

interpreted verbal noun

lb a ` _
m

Example
: "and that you (all) fast is better for you"

( that you (all) fast) is a verbal sentence, but it can function

as a noun, we can replace it by
(your fasting), when we realize that we

The

clause

can conjugate
as

The sentence will be (

.

:

.


. (
)



And the interpreted verbal noun is in the position of

.
:

:
:

.
:

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Advanced Arabic

is normally a definite noun

As we saw in the previous examples in this lesson

But in some cases it can be indefinite.

follows it.
1- If an adjective
2- If the possessor

follows it.

3- If a negation tool precedes it.

4- If an interrogative particle precedes it.

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Advanced Arabic

Part 2:
It was mentioned before that

is the information given about , and

forms with it a complete sentence.

it is what comes after is/are in English.

The types of

1- Of one word

here does not mean singular, it means that is a noun and of one word
only.

Example:

2- Semi-sentence

is not a complete sentence, but it is similar to a sentence, because it

does not give a full meaning by itself.

There are two types of

a. Preposition
plus the noun following it

Ex.
b.
plus


following

Ex.

The

can be a

Ex. The mother is in the house

it

In the house is the information said about the mother, so it is the

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Advanced Arabic

And the

.
:

:

.
:


semi-sentence is in the position of
*( )





.


:

.
:

:
.

And the semi-sentence is in the position of

( )

*Notice that we do a normal conjugation for the parts of

that it is in the position of

3-

Verbal sentence

It is composed of a verb

+ a doer

, then we say

The Verbal sentence
can be of one word only i.e.
because from
Ex.

that word we understand that the doer is He

(this will be explained in details in the verbal sentence file

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Advanced Arabic

should come after never

*Rule: Very important to know that a doer

before. Notice the conjugation of the verbal sentence

.
:

.
:
But if the Noun
comes first as in
composed of

. It becomes a Nominal sentence

.
:


.
:


is a hidden pronoun, assumed to be (he)

" "
:

*A very common mistake in such sentence is saying that

The

comes after the verb, never before.

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.
is

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Advanced Arabic

Nominal sentence

4-

The
can himself be a Nominal sentence

)(

)(

Ex. The boy, his house is big

(
)

(
)

.
:
:

.



:
.

.
:
(
)
" And the nominal sentence
for the first " is

Page 15

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Advanced Arabic

The multiplicity of

We can have more than one

Ex.

in the same sentence:

.
:

.

:

:

.

Postponing and advancing

is normally at the beginning of the sentence and the

as all the examples we had before.

comes after it,

But in some cases, will be postponed after

:

a- It is obligatory to postpone if:

and is a semi-sentence

1- is indefinite

Ex.

.
:


( )
And te semi-sentence is in the position of an advanced

.
:
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Postponed

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Advanced Arabic
2-If
is a word that should be given priority as the interrogative nouns (tool).

Ex.

The interrogative noun should come at the beginning of a sentence, even

when it is

.

:

.
:

b. It is permissible to postpone :

1- If we want to give priority to

Ex. It is forbidden the smoking (Smoking is forbidden)

In this example, we want to give priority to the word

advance it, but we still conjugate it as

( forbidden) so we

.
: :

.

:
2- If is definite and
is a semi-sentence

Ex.

.
:*




:
.



( )
And the semi-sentence is in the position of an advanced
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Advanced Arabic

.

:
*Some scholar treat

as a preposition
and they conjugate the

previous sentence as follow:

:*

.

:


( )
Note that, there are more cases of postponing

{

}
All praises be to Allaah, who by his favor, good deeds are accomplished.

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