Annotated Bibliography Standardized Testing In Schools By: Kal Ustishen Source http://0search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/docview/190019629/fulltext/13C5EB78F7722774C89/50?

account id=960 Analysis: Inaccurate school standardized testing results (1999). . Washington, D.C., United States, Washington, D.C.: National Public Radio. Retrieved from http://0search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/docview/190019629?accountid=960 Most people think standardized testing is error proof. However, too many highly paid people in suits who formulate the tests think they know everything. Does anyone ever question the answer key or the grading process? This article talks about an incident that occurred in the state of New York which forced thousands of students to take summer school because of poor test scores. After having the students take summer school, the school officials were informed that the tests were not scored correctly. A large number of students who had been forced to take summer school classes actually would not have had to take it. Beyond that some students didnt have to take it, but had still failed. This wasnt the only case where a testing company had goofed up. The same company had similar cases in four other states.

http://0search.ebscohost.com.library.svsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ882362&site=ehost-live Buck, S., Ritter, G. W., Jensen, N. C., & Rose, C. P. (2010). Teachers Say the Most Interesting Things--An Alternative View of Testing. Phi Delta Kappan, 91(6), 50-54. All the negativity surrounding standardized testing includes and emphasizes the stress it places on our students. In contrast, this article takes a different view on standardized testing as being a useful tool that can aid with improving teacher performance and holding someone accountable. This opinionated article talks of a few teachers viewpoints that preparing for the test (in their eyes) doesnt hinder creativity in anyway. I would suggest reading this article if one wants a dissimilar view on standardized testing, but with no evidence to support its claims, there is little validity to this article.

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Clark, D., & See, E. (2011). The impact of tougher education standards: Evidence from Florida. Economics Of Education Review, 30(6), 1123-1135. Benchmarks and standards are the norm in any class. Yet, trying to motivate students to take the test seriously and give an honest effort is a challenge for most teachers. Some schools are going to the extreme of requiring a passing grade on standardized tests in order to graduate. This requirement has added stress to an already stressful time in life and has resulted in numerous students dropping out of school early. At my school we have put a clause in the handbook that requires all students to give the testing an honest effort or else they have to retake all 3 days of testing. For the majority of students, this is enough incentive to prompt good effort. I still dont feel that we are getting 100% out of every student, but this clause has reduced the number of students who sit there with their test having been completed within the first five minutes of testing.

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Concerns about standardized testing. (2001). Gifted Child Today, 24(1), 8-8. Retrieved from http://0-search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/docview/203254815?accountid=960
More than ever, the popularity of standardized testing is on the increase. However, when change comes quickly, too often long term affects get overlooked. Schools today at times jump the gun, spending a lot of money on programs, curriculum, and testing in an effort to improve their scores. Happening almost overnight, often schools try something new, only to find out later there are various negatives, and then switch back to what they were doing originally. Another concern the article brings up is that affluent schools have more money to spend on test prep, and as a result, fair better than those who are lower income. Conversely, at lower income schools teachers tend to teach strictly to the test in an effort to improve scores, which hurts the overall education of those students. Looking also at the issue of merit pay for teachers who raise their scores, the article contends it will drive some of our best low income district teachers out, or into a different profession.

http://0search.ebscohost.com.library.svsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=ED517705&site=ehost-live Garrison, M. J. (2009). A Measure of Failure: The Political Origins of Standardized Testing. SUNY Press.

To try to predict the future we must know what happened in the past. The book points out why standardized testing was first used in schools and how it had evolved into this giant monster that we have today. There are great topics of interest and the book is an easy read and very relatable to me as a teacher. Most of the time is it people of power who create the test and point out we need accountability and the standardized test has done that for them. Not always in the best interest of the students but the best interest of them and maybe their political party. The chapters the books contains are (1) A Measure of Failure; (2) The Nature and Function of Standards; (3) Academic Achievement and Ability as Forms of Vertical Classification; (4) Standardized Tests as Markers of Social Value; (5) The Rise of Public Education: The Impulse to Mark Achievement and Ability; (6) Achievement Testing: The Case of Horace Mann; (7) Intelligence Testing: The Case of Alfred Binet; (8) Political Origins of Testing; and (9) The Failure of Testing.

http://0search.ebscohost.com.library.svsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ983680&site=ehost-live Jorgenson, O. (2012). What We Lose in Winning the Test Score Race. Principal, 91(5), 12-15. Teaching to the test is common now in todays schools where standardized carry accountability and added pressures for making the grade. In turn, teachers have tried to raise test scores at all levels by teaching to the test. The problem that arises from this practice is the level of thinking the students are using. Most standardized test questions are memorization or facts that involve very little critical thinking. Students can guess on a standardized test and get a reasonable score without even reading a question. This type of test can reflect on character later in life according to Jorgenson. In the future there will be a reconstruction of measurement of student because the current testing doesnt measure what we really need to be measuring.

http://0search.ebscohost.com.library.svsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ936746&site=ehost-live Kearns, L. (2011). High-Stakes Standardized Testing & Marginalized Youth: An Examination of the Impact on Those Who Fail. Canadian Journal Of Education, 34(2), 112-130. An in-depth look into the effects high stakes testing take on the students. The article gives the results of a study taken in Ontario on what happens to the students who dont succeed on the test. While focusing on teaching more and more to the test and trying to increase test scores the effects on some students is detrimental. A lot of students are experiencing depression and other stress related issues and the addition of high stakes testing is taking them over the edge. A downfall of the study was that only 16 youth were surveyed so I dont know if this happens elsewhere or not. It may help to take out high stakes testing in schools and create a more equitable environment.

Kohn, A. (1999). The case against standardized testing: Raising the scores, ruining the schools.. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Retrieved from http://teacherrenewal.wiki.westga.edu/file/view/Case Against Testing.pdf/227207662/Case Against Testing.pdf
http://teacherrenewal.wiki.westga.edu/file/view/Case+Against+Testing.pdf/227207662/Case%20Agains t%20Testing.pdf This book was written to challenge those who defend standardized testing in schools. The author points out several downfalls of standardized testing in the middle schools of America and supports his claims with data and real life examples. Referring to the test as a monster and one that holds no one really accountable is not the answer in education. This high stakes testing doesnt take students to a higher level of thing rather just be able to answer questions that someone else thinks is important. The book seems to be one sided and will provide great arguments and facts that go against standardized testing.

http://0search.ebscohost.com.library.svsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ986728&site=ehost-live Martin, A. (2012). Four Tips for Surviving Standardized Testing. Educational Horizons, 90(3), 25-27. After the introduction of No Child Left Behind Act schools across the country changed in various way to explore new methods and pedagogy. The main goal was to beat the standardized test and show adequate yearly progress. In March, every year every 9-11th grade student in the state of Michigan gets tested to see how they are performing in school. The results of those tests are then compared to others and published. The author provides four tips on how to approach these test before and after to get the most out of your students. I can really relate to the article because I have been part of a team that created a class for students to do better on these state exams. That goes to show you how important it is to do well on the state testing, that our school has made in mandatory that all students take the class. The class that we offer is divided up into three sections- math, science, and english.

http://0search.ebscohost.com.library.svsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eax&AN=83173918&site=ehost-live Marshall, K. (2012). Fine-Tuning Teacher Evaluation. Educational Leadership, 70(3), 50-53. Holding educators accountable for the classes they teach has become a heated debate over the last few years. Across the United States companies are trying to come up with new software and strategies for evaluating teachers effectively. A lot of the new software out there uses standardized test scores to measure success in the classroom. What has to be mentioned is if a student is failing at a lower level

and moves to the next grade there is nothing the higher level teacher can do to make up all the knowledge and skills that the student lost from previous years. The author did not make a suggestion for a change, but did mention the many flaws in todays evaluation system. My current evaluation where I am employed has nothing to do with test scores it is mainly based on observation done by the principal. However, in the upcoming years we have been informed that the evaluation tool will take 25%,35%, and 50% based on your students performance on high stakes test.

http://0search.ebscohost.com.library.svsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ848215&site=ehost-live Osburn, M. Z., Stegman, C., Suitt, L. D., & Ritter, G. (2004). Parents' Perceptions of Standardized Testing: Its Relationship and Effect on Student Achievement. Journal Of Educational Research & Policy Studies, 4(1), 75-95. A lot of times our youth is shaped by what our parents do and say. Being a coach I can see first-hand what a negative parent can do to a kids mind. Whatever the parents believe the kid will usually believe in return. The parents perception and what their thoughts are on standardized testing has a great impact on the success of their child. A negative attitude will lead to the students not caring and intern failing the test because they werent set up to succeed. The study done was on 5th grade parents of whom most of them felt the test was important but didnt cause anxiety for their child. While majority supported the test, the parents of the students who performed poorly thought that should do something to help their childrens performance. The relates to me because as a teacher I feel if you have better communication with the parents they will be more likely to support you and what you are trying to accomplish in the classroom. If there is a disconnect between the parents and school it becomes difficult to motivate the student with no support on the home front. The research conducted seems to have lot variables in it which may skew their results.

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Standardized testing hurt minorities? (1991). . Washington, D.C., United States, Washington, D.C.: National Public Radio. Retrieved from http://0search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/docview/189818660?accountid=960

Lead by the NAACP coalition the article points out flaws of standardized testing according to their viewpoints. Claiming standardized testing does nothing but point out what we alrady know. That is low income and minority students perform poorly on these test. Their efforts are to take the money and see what we can do to fix the current problem. Not to spend millions to find out what we already know. As a teacher myself I teach students with different income and race for four years now. I feel that the article really stereotypes and jumps to conclusions that standardized testing dont help in our education system. A big challenge that faces teachers is to motivate them to do their work. With standardized testing the teacher can now place some accountability on the student for their efforts. Data collected can be very helpful in generating new ideas to teach and improve test scores. Article is written in defense of the minorities and seems to be very opinionated driven instead of fact and research driven.

http://0search.ebscohost.com.library.svsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eax&AN=85221659&site=ehost-live Turgut, G. (2013). International Tests and the U.S. Educational Reforms: Can Success Be Replicated?. Clearing House, 86(2), 64-73. Testing in the United States has grown astronomically since the evaluation of schools in America has declined. The worldwide standardized test where American education gets put up against all others in the world seems to be falling. How concerned should we be when we compare ourselves to other countries scores on this test? This article points out that we shouldnt be overly worried about these test scores. Over the past 5 years education reform has been huge do in part to this world ranking based on a standardized test. The article points out that this standardized test is not an accurate judgment of how well our system is working. Our government is trying to implement plans like other countries that are at the top when it comes to scores. The author points out that other factors that play a crucial role in testing like, social, cultural, educational, financial, and demographic factors should be considered.

http://0search.ebscohost.com.library.svsu.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=ED525158&site=ehost-live Weaver, K. (2011). Standardized Testing: Measurement of Academic Achievement. Online Submission, This is an in depth look into how schools are using standardized test to measure success and student achievement. The lack of facts or experiments really hurts the strength of the article but the overall questions that it raises and talks about are great arguments. Should be measure a students growth on a multiple choice test? Are the teachers using the proper teaching methods in the time allotted to teach benchmarks or are they teaching to a test? The article provides reference the types of high-stakes testing we are currently using in our classrooms. Lastly, the scores of high stakes testing cannot measure academic success.

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Winchester, I. (2006). Standardized testing and the classroom. The Journal of Educational Thought, 40(2), 103-106. Retrieved from http://0search.proquest.com.library.svsu.edu/docview/213795712?accountid=960 Learning from what has been done in the past can lead to informative decisions we make today. This article points out how high profile medical schools have used standardized testing to track the progress of their students so that they are better equipped to pass the national bar exams to become a doctor or physician in their respected fields. Also pointed out in this article was the fact that bigger schools where teachers only see a student for a year or semester at most it is important to gather data from standardized test before the student leaves the class. Otherwise the teacher doesnt have enough time to change or improve their teachings.