Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
© Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2008 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper 1
11 The diagram below shows the conversion of pyruvate to ethanol during anaerobic
respiration.
C O C O H C OH
C O Pyruvate H Alcohol H
decarboxylase dehydrogenase
OH Acetaldehyde Ethanol
Pyruvate
Which of the following allows glycolysis to continue?
A The regeneration of NAD+ C The release of carbon dioxide
B The regeneration of NADH D The addition of yeast to ethanol
12 Which enzyme does not correspond to the catalytic reaction involved in glycolysis?
Enzyme Catalytic reaction
A Enolase Conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to 2-phosphoglycerate
B Phosphoglucoisomerase Conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-
phosphate
C Phosphoglycerokinase Transfer of a phosphate group from 1, 3-biphosphoglycerate
to ADP
D Phosphofructokinase Transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to fructose-6-
phosphate
© Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2008 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper 3
4 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper © Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2008
© Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2008 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper 7
1 The diagram below shows a U-tube containing two mixtures of glucose and sucrose
solutions separated by a membrane that is permeable to water and glucose but not to
sucrose.
A B
Membrane
Arm A is half-filled with a mixture of 1 mol dm–3 glucose and 2 mol dm–3 sucrose. Arm
B is half-filled with a mixture of 2 mol dm–3 glucose and 1 mol dm–3 sucrose. The levels
of the mixtures in both arms are initially the same.
(a) Explain what is meant by diffusion.
[2 marks]
(b) State the initial state, in terms of tonicity, of the mixture in arm A with respect to
that in arm B.
[1 mark]
[2 marks]
(d) Complete the following diagram and labels for the system when the equilibrium is
achieved.
Initial level
... mol dm–3 glucose ... mol dm–3 glucose
+ +
... mol dm–3 sucrose ... mol dm–3 sucrose
Membrane
[5 marks]
8 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper © Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2008
[1 mark]
(b) Sketch, on the same axes, and label two graphs to show the relationships between
outside temperature and body temperature for ectotherms and endotherms.
[2 marks]
[1 mark]
(d) Explain how ectotherms and endotherms are able to maintain body temperature.
Ectotherms:
Endotherms:
[6 marks]
© Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2008 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper 9
Reaction velocity/v0
X
Y
Substrate
[1 mark]
4 Since the time of Aristotle until the middle of 19th century, biologists divided organisms
into two kingdoms: Plantae and Animalia. With the advancement in the field of microscopy,
there were organisms that could neither be classified as plants nor animals. To overcome this
problem, Margulis and Schwartz proposed the Five Kingdom System of Classification.
(a) State the kingdoms, to which the organisms in the following table belong, according
to Margulis and Schwartz. [5 marks]
Kingdom
Organism Two Kingdom System Five Kingdom System
Mucor Plantae
Amoeba Animalia
Chlorophyta Plantae
Euglena Animalia/Plantae
10 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper © Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2008
(b) State one characteristic used to classify each of the following organisms in the Five
Kingdom System of Classification. [5 marks]
Organism Characteristic
Mucor
Amoeba
Chlorophyta
Euglena
Bacteria
6 (a) The transportation of water molecules and mineral ions from the soil to the roots
could occur via several pathways such as vacuole, apoplast and symplast. Describe
these three pathways. [8 marks]
(b) Among the mechanisms of the translocation of sugar through sieve tubes are the
mass-flow hypothesis, the electro-osmosis and the cytoplasmic streaming. Describe
these three mechanisms. [7 marks]
7 Explain the mechanism of action of adrenaline on the liver cell. [15 marks]
8 (a) State the principal target tissue and the action of each of the following female
reproductive hormones.
(i) Progesterone
(ii) Oestrogen
(iii) Oxytocin
(iv) Prolactin [8 marks]
(b) Explain the events involved in the development of a fruit after the process of double
fertilisation. [7 marks]
© Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2008 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper 11
10 (a) State the first and the second laws of thermodynamics. [4 marks]
(b) Using the laws of thermodynamics in (a), explain how energy could be transferred
in a named ecosystem. [11 marks]
12 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper © Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2008
© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-7) 2008 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper 13
14 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper © Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-7) 2008
© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-7) 2008 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper 15
16 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper © Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-7) 2008
© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-7) 2008 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper 17
18 Actual 2008 STPM Biology Examination Paper © Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-7) 2008