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  • Calculus Chapter 1.3: Theorem 1.9 Two Special Trigonometric Limits

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    1. As the angle θ approaches 0 in radians, the ratio of the sine of θ to θ itself approaches 1. 2. As θ approaches 0, the difference between 1 and the cosine of θ approaches 0. 3. The proof uses a diagram of a circular sector squeezed between two triangles to show inequalities relating sine, cosine, and tangent of θ, and applies limits and the Squeeze Theorem to establish the two special trigonometric limits.

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    1. As the angle θ approaches 0 in radians, the ratio of the sine of θ to θ itself approaches 1. 2. As θ approaches 0, the difference between 1 and the cosine of θ approaches 0. 3. The proof uses a diagram of a circular sector squeezed between two triangles to show inequalities relating sine, cosine, and tangent of θ, and applies limits and the Squeeze Theorem to establish the two special trigonometric limits.

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    652 Ansichten2 Seiten

    Calculus Chapter 1.3: Theorem 1.9 Two Special Trigonometric Limits

    Hochgeladen von

    ktenshi_6
    1. As the angle θ approaches 0 in radians, the ratio of the sine of θ to θ itself approaches 1. 2. As θ approaches 0, the difference between 1 and the cosine of θ approaches 0. 3. The proof uses a diagram of a circular sector squeezed between two triangles to show inequalities relating sine, cosine, and tangent of θ, and applies limits and the Squeeze Theorem to establish the two special trigonometric limits.

    Copyright:

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    von 2

    THEOREM 1.

    9 TWO SPECIAL TRIGONOMETRIC LIMITS

    1. sin x =1 x 0 x lim 2.
    x 0

    lim

    1 cos x =0 x

    Proof: To avoid the confusion of two dierent uses of x, the proof is presented using the variable , where is an acute positive angle measured in radians. Figure 1:3 shows a circular sector that squeezed between two triangles. Area of triangle 1 area of sector area of triangle 2. sin tan 2 2 2
    2 Multiplying each other by sin

    produces

    1 1 cos sin and taking reciprocals and reversing the inequalities yields sin 1. ( )] = [sin , you can conclude that this Because cos = cos() and sin ( ) inequality is valid for all nonzero in the open interval ( , ). Finally, 2 2 because lim cos = 1 cos
    0

    and
    0

    lim 1 = 1

    , you can apply the Squeeze Theorem to conclude that sin =1 0 lim . 1

    Figure 1: 3

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