2XMBOJMH CTAHOJYMA @ JLYBOMMP NOMOBUR
TPAMATHKA
CPIICKOTA JESUKA
YUBEHUK 3A I, U, Il w IV PASPET
CPEDISE IIKOJIE
OPYTO, PEPABEHO V3/lAbE
3ABON 3A YUBEHMKE (3) (75) 3AB0r
M HACTABHA CPEJICTBA (23) (fit) 3A BSABAE YUBEHMKA
BEOrPA, HOBH CAI
1992PEY YHAIPEL
Paben 1989. no nacrabuom nporpamy npeamera Cpfickoxpeaiticxu jeaux wu Kyaillypa
uspaxasara, H caja AOMyIseH NO HOBOM Fporpaxy (CuyaGenn 1iacuux Cpouje — Tipo-
cuerm raacink, 5, 16, VIII 1990, erp. 7—8 u XL — 3, 31. V 1991., exp. 1—5), onaj
yuGeuNk mopao je GurM nica KAO Kpaiixa 2pamailiuka KWWKEBHOT je3HKa, TE M HOCH
asus Tpamatiuxa cpicxoia jesuxa
Kao mo je yoOu4ajeno, ¥ ona Ipamaitiuxa y yeonuo meny AecpMHMUNe Ha KEBIOKER-
i je3uK, HeToR HcTOPHjCKM m caNaIMIbH aCMeKAT, HeTOR OAHOC MpeMa HapeyjaMa (i jHja-
aeKTHMa) HaposHor jesHka, cpoj mpeyMer Hu Hayena Npawomuca. TIpH TOME, y OBOMe, jIPY-
TOM uaqaIby Ompeher AenODH rpamuBa, Ha OCHOBY 3axTeRA NPOcBeTHIX Oprata KOjs AOHOCE
MporpaMe HaCTaBHUX MpeAMeTa, MopanH cy ce CKPaTHTH, OH. caKETH AOK cy ce ApyrH
Mopanut yonynuTH, na cy Tpehe # ¥eTBpTO norsanme Yeoga (1. 18—S2) AoGHNM HORE BHA
Y noraanny Ponetiuxa ca ocnosana bononoiuje u moppoubonoaotuje nar je onuc
Inacosnoi cHcteMa KHWKeBHOT jesHKa, C HETORMM OHTHUM OTHKAMA, KAO H MOHAMAIe
wlaopa Tor cucteMa y oGmunAMa H TBOPGK peu. TpH TOMe, y OcHOBaMa GPOHOMIOUIKOT
onuca momo ce on y HayHH Aare KoUCTaTamje Aa je Beh cam Eaucoanu cuctHien Tora jesuKa,
caoeuna obeaenen, sanpano — weroR dhononowxu cuciiem, jep je pesynrat Bykowe ,pa~
BILIHO WaRETeHe akanuse rMacoBHOr cHcTeMa Hauer jesnKxa“ (IL. Huh, IToiosop ByKoBoM
Cpitexon pjewnuxy us 1818. y pororanckom uszatey HIpocnere — Beorpan, 1966, erp. 64)
aro urro ce, apyrHM PeqUMa, FMACOBHM CHCTEM HaLICT KHbIDKEBHOT je3HKa YrnaBHOM
TloKuana ca POHONOMKHM cHCTeMOM, GHI0 je MoryhHO ja ce wsOCTaBH, 3a cpoHONOFHiy
wHaNle HEOUXOAAH, ONC ONX APTHKYNaKMOHO-aKYCTHKMX OCOGUHA rHacoBa Koje cy Ges
excntepumesrrannoqpouetcKe saGoparopuje TeMKo pasyMibuBe (rpaBHCHOCT: HerpaBucHocr,
nucpyaHioct: KoMnaxtHocr rtacosa wrp.). Tako cy y Halo (POHETHITH ca OcHOBaMa ¢boHOO-
Tuje onucavle one GuTHE rmacoBHe OCOGuHE KOje Cy aKO YOURUBE H OGHYHHM OMaKAHeM,
na ce yueumum Hehe onepehusari 3axTeROM ja HarlameT (caMO M3 TeKCTa YUGeHUKA) y4e
ova quCTHHKTHBHa OGenexja TMacoBa Koja ce Mory 3alicra cxBaTHTH camo y 3aGoparopHj
PonercKo-PononounKn wwHMONH THACOBHOT CHCTEMA KOjM cy OGNHIKH H TBOPGEHO BaXxHH
onucann cy y nény Mopdorbonoaoiuja, Koju je yser Kao mpuposna Besa usMeby oGnacrn
«Pononoruje # Mopdonoraje ca TBOpGOM peu.
Y norapny Mopdoaoiuja u teopGa pew oOAMIKH n TROPGEHH cHCTeMH OnHCAHM
cy MeTOsOM yoOHuajeHOM y rpamarukama yonurre. O6paciie npoMena H TBOpGe Tpe6a cxBa-
THTH KAO cxeMe Y KOjHMa ce BYE TpAMaTHYKe OCHOBE M TpaMaTHIKM HacTaBi, O;HOCHO
‘TOpGeHe OcHOBE H TROPGeHU acuKeH, a He Kao rpaby Kojy TpeGa yuna. i Mopcborornjy
4 TROpSY ONaKINANH CMO H3OCTABIbaIBEM Mperneja AKUCHATA NO BPCTaMa PeuH H THTOBEMA
‘TBop6e (c THM HT eMo OCHOBHa MpaBWwa akNeHTORATbA am y DoneTiuyu). TaMo rae je
Guo HajnorpeSunje, HapoqMaIH CMO y OBMM TlOTNaBuMA CPoHETCKe NPOMeHe Koje ce To|aB-
seyiy ¥ MpoMenn OGnHKa Hy TBOPGH PeuM, a KOje ce, HHaYe, cucremcKu onMeyiy y Mopdvo-
(ouonornju. O pewu Kao jenmumn uMeHoparsa roBopH ce y nomanny JTexcuxonoluja
Y Cuniiaxcu rpanuno je o6pabeno Tako Aa ce YOUH cHHTAKCHYKH CUCiHe.M, WTO
kao PYHKYUWOHAAKU CUCTeM Ha CcHOBY Kora ce PeYeHHUe bopMupajy He caMo KAO
TpaMaTWike HeTO M KAO KOMYHKATHBHE jeqMHMMe. 3aTo ce TexMNO a cBe jenMHANe w
KoHcrpykuuje Gyqy OnMcaHe cucTeMaTcKM, AOCHeAHO M HHCTerpanHo, fla ce MOKaxy Bese HcamuocTi Meby e0BHMa cHHTaKCHNKOr CHCTEMA H jl@ Ce, Makap YKPaTKO, OOPAe H NOjaBe
Beaane 3a peannaanujy cuNTaKcHuKHK jenMEMta Y KOMYHMKaNujM (aHtopMarHEHa aktyani-
salluja, KOMyHUKaTHBHA Koxe3Hja). Ip TOM je Guo HeM3GeRHO Ta ce ONCTYNM ON TPANit-
nuoHamuor pacnopera cuiTakcHuKor rpazHBa, Aa ce TepMUHOMOTHja HOKerAe MpeLHsHpa,
ocappeMcHH u ONYHM H Ma ce yBeny AujarpaMM H TaGeNe, KojM Cy HeOMXoRHO cpeneTBO
cBake CHCTeMaTcKe CHHTaKcH4Ke aHanH3e.
AyTOpH cy ce jIpxXan Havena Ta He TpeGa MewaTH olluc jesuxa ca yuerwen jeauKa
Peu je, HaHMe, 0 TpaMaTHIM MaTe per je3HKa, Nakne — je3HKa KojM yueHHIH 3H a-
jy. 3avo cy mpe cnera nonasM1K Of MHEHKUE Ra ce ca pasymesaren ofiuca yuanpebyje
yeennkoa criocobHocr 3a axaausy jesn4Ke rpabe Matepiber jesHka, Hapapno, ue Tpeba
saGopapuTH, ca WHAAKTHYKE Crpane, jla je Ta cnocoGuoct HeoMXoAHMA H 3a yoaspiuasare
caoia W 3a yuerwe gpylux jeauxa. Vero je waveno my OcHoBH ynyhupara wuranana na ce y
yeeuy mpapina mucawa cnyxe [pasotucom u3 1960. ronune (M HeroBHM cram IKON-
‘cKHM v37aiDUMa), BaXChHM y jaBHO] yMOTpeGH, Kao H AKTYeNHHM NpaBoNMcHMM NpupysHH-
uma,
TpeGa nanoMenyra fla ce HeKH AeNOBM HacTaBHOr MporpaMa — 360r wuxOBe MPApoAe
— y 080} rpamarmpr m1 canpxe Kao HajonurTuje necbmmnje y yBoNHOM meny, WAH cy
octapmenn 3a OOpany HacraBHoj npaxcu. [IpyrHM peyuMa, MporpaMcKu cagpxkajit KAO WTO
cy pasnoiipasnoctll jeauxa, jeauixa Monepanyuja v cnuaan UMTLAIMTHO ce cANpe y yuoe~
amy (8 YsoR), anu ce MOry YWHTH CAMO Y WKONCKO| H ApyUuTReHO} Mpaken, C
spyre crpane, y yuGeHKy ce HanasM Marepuja Koja YH HHTer panne RemoBe
Hanne jesHuKe Marepuje, @ HoRHjuM mpoMeHaMa y HactasHoM nporpamy ce penykyje. TakBa
Marepuja y yuGeHuky je wramnaua y yBYYCHHM OLE UMMA, METHTOM. THMe
joj je aar paur Hanomene. Taxap je cmysaj ca ofemunMa Yaxascxo napedie (tT. 6),
Kajxaecko napexje (7. 7), Tepuitopujaaxo-eapujaniaHo pacaojasaree (1. 46, 47), sume cy
ont wajentauenn ca HIBOM JPYTUX, 3a Gombe pasyMenamse rpasMBa TOTPeOHEX, HaTOMeHa
Ounnx, HauMe, unje TyMavere 3anazH GwI0 y He TO PHY jesnKa (Lmp. HanOMeHe o mana-
‘Tammanujama, r. 106; joronauma, 7. 110—112; npesojy BoKana, 7 121; HemtoctojaHom a,
7 123; npoMexu a y 0, 7. 126; 0 aBojmnm, T. 168 H Ap.), Gu y MatepHiy Kojy OGpabyje
npaponwe (amp. 7 97, 201) c numem ga ce Gore cxBare HeKH Of cucTeMa ¥ caBpeMe-
HOM jesHKY, OTIHcAHIH y OBO), TO OCHOBHO| KOHMENHAjH — LecK PHM THB HO] rpaMari
rut
Hajsan, naxo ce To noxpasymena, rpe6a ucrahu ga yuGeHuK nucaH Kao rpamaTHKa
HMKaKO He stauH noTpe6y na ce W3 mera yue coe wumenuye, JesHuKa rpaba, Koja WHHH
‘ummenuife, 3anpano je waycrpauuja onuXx jeau4xux Zpasuad Koja cy HanoxKeHa y YBony, ¥
@onerunn (ca owororjom u Mopdoroutontorujom), Mopipororsju, Teop6u pen, JleKcn-
xonoriju H CunTaxct. Ako je y HeKHM caysajeBHMa HMa BHule, TO je caMO 3aTO HA ce
yaenuky mpy:ku Behn us6op epahe nomohy Koje he pazymerH wanoxeHo mpasito. H, wapap-
Ho, MpHMeHMTH TO MPaBILIO ¥ CBOjoj aKamuaH HORE jesHIKe rpabe, ONKOCHO y cBojo} jesHs-
Koj mpaxcu Takobe, Takar yu6enmk omoryhyje 1 HacTaBHHKOB cnoGogaH oAHOC MpeMa
Tporpanckom capskajy H paspeny OH he #3 yuGeHMKa Mohit a y3Me OHO mlTO earpa Aa
je KoMe YUeHMKY NOTPeOHO 4 Ja Ha Taj HAHN OCTBapH jeNHO OW sHaYajHAjMX Haven HacTa-
ne — HH]MBURYAMUsANHly, UpHMepeHOCT MHHOCTH YYCHHKA,
Tipxehu ce Hacrastor nporpaMa, ayTopis ce, HapaBHo, HHCY MOriLA Onpebwt W HajHy2«-
hujer HOHaBTara, na H H3BecHOr BMMIKa MucbopManuja. CmarpaMo, ynpano, a OM OTAK-
imapajy Y4eHUKY youasawe KajeaKHujel, a ne Obaseayjy Ta a CBE H3 YYCCHHKA OGaBEsHO
Wana
AyTopH, Ha onOM MecTy, Hap@kaBajy cROjy 3axBANHOCT CBHM peuCHIcHTIMa jep cy
HoUXOBe NpHMeGe 3HaTHO HOGOmMane TeKcT yyOeHHKa. OxM cy, HCTO TAKO, 3aXBavHH 1
conM chojuM KOmIeTaMa — HacTaBHMAKMa OROT MPERMeTA y epemHo} WIKONH 3a cBe cyrecTHje
koje cy HM jlam, nocte Mposepe y HacTapHoj MpaKcH, KOjy Bak YUGCHHK, MPHpoRHO, Mpa
mary.
AYTOPH