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Ethics in Research

Historical Context

● Past
– German experimentation
– Tuskegee Syphilis study
● Present
– Cancer research
– AIDS (AZT) research
Historical Context

● Ethical system designed to prevent


people from being used as scientific
guinea pigs
● Contemporary emphasis on the ‘rights’
of people to take risks to save
themselves
Ethical Issues

● Voluntary participation
Ethical Issues

● Voluntary participation
● Informed consent
Ethical Issues

● Voluntary participation
● Informed consent
● Risk of harm
Ethical Issues

● Voluntary participation
● Informed consent
● Risk of harm
● Anonymity
Ethical Issues

● Voluntary participation
● Informed consent
● Risk of harm
● Anonymity
● Confidentiality
Ethical Issues

● Voluntary participation
● Informed consent
● Risk of harm
● Anonymity
● Confidentiality
● Right to services
Institutional Review Boards

● Mechanism for reviewing


proposed research
● Mechanism for protecting the
institution and researcher
● Submitting an IRB proposal

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