The HALOGENS OR HALOGEN ELEMENTS are a series of nonmetal elements from group 17 of the periodic table (formerly: VII,

VIIA), comprising fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). The group of halogens is the only periodic table group which contains elements in all three familiar states of matter at

standard temperature and pressure.

Salt-producing substances. They become anions and are very electronegative

They are the most toxic and reactive of the non-metal elements
They have low melting and boiling points. These increase steadily going down the group. They are poor conductors They have distinct colors; it becomes darker as you go down the periodic table

These comprises the Halogen group:

Halogens are the most reactive of the non-metal elements. Looking at the periodic table explains this. Since Halogens are in group 17, they all have seven valence electrons. Almost all atoms needs eight electrons in their valence shell to be stable and because halogens only need one more electron to have a complete valence shell, the halogens are extremely electronegative and very reactive. *As you move down the group, each element is less reactive than the one before it. This is because the attractive force of the positive

nucleus becomes weaker as it is blocked by the increasing number of

electron shells.

Here is a video clip showing how reactive halogens are:

Halogens readily combine with hydrogen to form hydrogen halides. These covalent compounds quickly dissolve in water to form extremely strong acids. 1. HYDROGEN FLOURIDE is used to strip solids from circuit boards 2. The human body uses the super strength of HYDROCHLORIC ACID to break down anything in the stomach

Here are more reactions of halogens:

All of the halogens will react with Alkali metals to produce ionic compounds ALKALI METAL + HALOGEN METAL HALIDE

Sodium Chloride 2Na

+ Chlorine + Cl2

Sodium 2NaCl

All of the halogens will react with Hydrogen to produce gasas

HYDROGEN + HALOGEN

HYDROGEN HALIDE
Hydrogen Chloride

Hydrogen H2 +

+ Chlorine Cl2

2HCl

All of the halogens will react with water to produce 2 acids WATER + HALOGEN ACID 1 + ACID 2

Water + Chlorine

Hydrochloric + Hydrochlorus Acid Acid

H2O

Cl2

HCl

HOCl