ALLOYS

BY : AMIR FIKRI AZHAR AB HALIM MOHD AMIR SAARI CLASS : 4K3

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ALLOYS
Contain more than one element Usually mixtures of metallic elements (two or more metals).

Made for certain purpose.

An alloy is a mixture of two or more elements with a certain fixed composition in which metal is the major component
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PURPOSE OF MAKING ALLOYS

To increase the strength and hardness of a pure metal. To prevent corrosion. To improve the appearance of a pure metal.

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ARRANGMENT OF ATOMS IN METALS

FORCE

In pure metals, atoms are all of the same size. They arranged in layers.

When a force is being applied.

The layers can slide over each other easily.

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FORCE

Thus, pure metal can easily change its shape.

They are said to be :

1.Ductile as they can be drawn into long wires. 2.Malleable as they can be hammered to form any shapes.

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Alloys have more than one kind of atoms.

Different atoms have different sizes.

They are mixed when they are in molten state (liquid).
Pure metal A

ARRANGEMENT OF ATOMS IN ALLOYS

ALLOY Pure metal B

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ARRANGEMENT OF ATOMS IN ALLOYS

When a force is applied. The layers of atom in an alloy cannot slide over each other easily. The movement of atoms get jammed up. This make them difficult to move.

Thus make an alloys not ductile and not malleable but harder and stronger than the original constituent metals.
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COMPOSITION,PROPERTIES AND USES OF ALLOYS

ALLOY
MAJOR COMPONENT

COPPER

IRON

ALUMINIUM

TIN

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1.COPPER
TYPE OF ALLOY

COPPER

BRONZE

BRASS

CUPRONICKEL

BRONZE (90%Cu,10% Sn) Hard and strong Does not corrode Shiny surface USES : Building statue Medals Sword Artistic materials

BRASS (70% Cu,30% Zn) Hard and strong USES: Musical instrument Kitchenware

CUPRONICKEL (75%Cu,25% Ni) Shiny Hard Does not corrode USES: Making coins

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2.IRON
TYPE OF ALLOY
STEEL
(99%Fe,1% C) Hard And Strong Uses: Construction Materials (74%Fe,8%C,18% Cr) STAINLESS STEEL Shiny,Strong,Does not rust

IRON

Uses: Making cutlery

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3.ALUMINIUM

Type of Alloy

ALUMINIUM

DURALUMIN (93% Al,3%Cu,1%Mn) Light and Strong USES: Building body of aeroplane and bullet train

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4.TIN
TIN

Type of Alloy

PEWTER (96%Sn,3%Cu,1%Sb) Luster Shiny Strong USES: Making souvenirs

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