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Oxygen is one of
the gases that we
breathe in everyday Pure carbon dioxide gas can
from the air be poured because it is
heavier than air
Element, Compounds and Mixtures
Element can be divided into :
Non- metals
Metals ( Logam 金属)
金属 (bukan logam 非金属 )
• All metal element in solid • Non-metal elements exist
form but except for in all state. Solid, liquid
mercury which exist in and gas at room
liquid temperature
• Example of metal • Example of non-metal
Calcium, copper, gold, Sulphur, carbon, bromine,
lead, magnesium, oxygen, neon, hydrogen,
platinum, potassium,
silver, sodium
Cobalt chloride indicator
Dry Moist / Damp
(kering干燥) ( basah 潮湿)
Colour : Blue
Colour : Pink
Gas tests
Hydrogen (氢 氢) Oxygen (氧氧)
What you will observe: What you will observe:
-Your light splint -Your glowing splint will re-light
(Popsicle stick) will “POP”
POP”
and go out. What does that mean:
-This happened because
Why does this happen: Oxygen is part of the fire
-Hydrogen gas is very triangle. The fire triangle is
flammable and in the composed of three things:
presence of heat or fire it Fuel, Heat energy source
will explode at a certain and Oxygen.
temperature.
Mixture (campuran 混合物)
Brass
Paint Iced milo
Example of variety type of mixture and its components
Formation of compound
( sebatian 化合物)
Method : Filtration
• To separate
( penurasan 过滤)
过滤
insoluble solids
(pepejal tak larut 不
能溶解的固体) from
the liquid in a solid-
liquid mixtures
E.g. To separate
water and sand
Separation of mixtures
Distillation (penyulingan 蒸馏法)
To separate a solvent from a
liquid or solid-liquid mixture.
Two types of processes to
take place
(a) Boiling
liquid vapour/Gas
• (b) Condensation
vapour Liquid
Carbon dioxide
(karbon dioksida 二氧化碳 ):
i. To put out of fire
ii. Importance for photosynthesis
(fotosintesis 光合作用)
Soil and mineral
Soil is habitat
( tempat tinggal 栖
息地) for many
types of living
organisms ( benda
hidup 生物).
• Controls the
concentration of
blood ( mengawal
kepekatan darah 调
节血液浓度).
Living things
• As food, medicine, fibre, building materials
and so on.
Conservation
• Conservation of recourses
involves the intelligent use and
care of our resources
Preservation
• The act of keeping the resources in their
original state.
Example :
i) Find alternative resources, such as
solar energy to replace depleting
resources such as petroleum)
ii) to prevent the extinction of flora and
fauna.