CH 16 Temperature and Heat

Subject Relevant Equations Relationships

If object A is in thermal equilibrium
with Object B, and Object C is also
Zeroth Law in thermal equilibrium with object B,
of then objects A and C will be in
Thermodyna thermal equilibrium if objects are
mics brought into thermal contact.
Celsius to Fahrenheit :
TF=(9/5)TC+32°F
Temperature -
Fahrenheit to Celsius: TC=5/9(TF 32°)
Scales Kelvin Scale: Celsius + 274
CH 16 Temperature and Heat
Linear Receurdes el agua es especial:
Expansion Water actually shrinks when you
Area heat it rather than expanding, it
Expansion becomes denser.
Volume
Expansion

ΔL=(constant
)ΔT
The constant
of
proportionalit
y depends on:
the substance
from which
the rod is
made.
Definition of
coefficient of
linear
expansion, α:
ΔL = αL0ΔT
S.I.= K-1 =(C°)
-1

ΔA=2αAΔT

ΔV=3αVΔT
ΔV=ßVΔT
S.I.=K-1 (C°) -1

Thermal
Expansion
Heat and 1 cal = 4.186 J
Mechanical Heat = Q
Work S.I. = J
CH 16 Temperature and Heat
Conduction
Convection
Radiation

•Flow of head directly

through physical
material.
Amount of heat, Q flows
through this rod:
(i) increases
proportion to
the rod's cross-
sectional area,
A
(ii) increases with
delta T
(iii) increases
steadily with
time
(iv) decreases with
length of rod, L
Heat flow by
conduction:
Q=kA(ΔT/L)t
•k is the thermal
conductivity constant.
•As air warms, it
expands, and air
becomes less dense.
•Since the air has lower
density, it rises and it
replaces the cold air
overhead.
•This circulating flow of
air transports heat.
All objects give off energy
as a result of radiation.
Energy is radiated off in
forms of electromagnetic
waves. These waves can
propagate through empty
space.
Stefan-Boltzmann Law for
radiated power, P
P=eσAT4
S.I= W
Stefan-Boltzmann
constant:
σ=5.68 x 10-8
2 4
W/(m •K )
e is emissivity that
indicates how effective
the object is radiating.
Value of 1 means that the
object is a perfect
 Net radiated power,
Pnet = eσA (T4-Ts4)

CH 16 Temperature and Heat