CR = Do KR = 0.1Do SF = 3.5t DH = 0.1935Do 0.

.455t THi = SF + DH Do = external head diameter SF = straight flange height Di = internal head diameter DH = depth of dishing CR = crown radius THi = total internal head height KR = knuckle radius t = wall thickness The external head diameter, 'Do' is usually equal to the outside diameter of cylindrical section.

Using these relations, prepare a solid model of the torispherical end in SolidWorks or any other software. Apply the material and then you can view its mass. Add it to the mass of cylindrical section and see if the total mass is coming out to be correct or not. This will ensure that the dimensions you are using are correct. If the mass comes out to be correct, then only proceed with the theoretical formulae for volume calculations as they are approximate formulae and many simplified formulae give wrong answers.