Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

S DNG NG CONG PV/QV PHN TCH N NH IN P

H THNG IN 500KV VIT NAM
USING PV/QV CURVE TO ANALYSE VOLTAGE STABILITY
OF VIETNAMESE 500KV POWER SYSTEM
SVTH: Nguyn Tng Lm, Trn Th Hng, Nguyn Vn Nht
Lp 05HT, Khoa in, Trng i hc Bch khoa

GVHD: PGS.TS. inh Thnh Vit

Khoa in, Trng i hc Bch khoa
TM TT
Bi bo ny xut cch phn tch n nh in p h thng in 500 kV Vit Nam bng
cch s dng cng c ng cong PV, QV trong phn mm chuyn dng PowerWorld Simulator 13.
T vic thit lp cc s c, ta v c cc ng cong PV, QV cho tng trng hp. Da vo
c th xc nh c cc nt yu v n nh in p, cc s c gy nh hng ln n n nh in
p. Trn c s c cc bin php cn thit ci thin d tr n nh in p ti cc nt yu.
ABSTRACT
This thesis propose the method for analyzing the voltage stability of 500kV power system
in Viet Nam by using PV, QV curve in the professional software PowerWolrd Simulator 13. By
setting up contingencies, we draw the PV, QV curve for each case. Based on this, weak bus that
are related to the voltage stability and contingencies that a great deal affect the voltage stability can
be defined. From all of these, there are necessary methods to improve the stable voltage storage
at weak bus.

1. t vn
n nh in p l kh nng duy tr in p ti tt c cc nt trong h thng nm
trong mt phm vi cho php (tu vo tnh cht mi nt m cho php in p dao ng
trong nhng phm vi khc nhau) iu kin vn hnh bnh thng hoc sau cc kch ng.
H thng s i vo trng thi khng n nh khi xut hin cc kch ng nh tng ti t
ngt hay thay i cc iu kin ca mng li h thng, Cc thay i c th lm cho
qu trnh gim in p xy ra v nng nht l c th ri vo tnh trng khng th iu khin
in p, gy ra sp in p. Nhn t chnh gy ra mt n nh in p l h thng khng
c kh nng p ng nhu cu cng sut phn khng trong mng. Cc thng s c lin quan
n sp in p l dng cng sut tc dng, cng sut phn khng cng vi in dung,
in khng ca mng li truyn ti.
Mt n nh in p hay sp in p l s c nghim trng trong vn hnh h
thng in, lm mt in trn mt vng hay trn c din rng, gy thit hi rt ln v kinh
t, chnh tr, x hi. Trn th gii ghi nhn c nhiu s c mt in ln do sp
in p gy ra nh ti ngy 28/9/2003, Nam Thy in v ng an Mch ngy
23/9/2003, pha Nam Lun n ngy 28/8/2003, Phn Lan ngy 23/8/2003, M-Canada
ngy 14/8/2003... n nh in p c quan tm, nghin cu nhiu nc trn th
gii. Vit Nam cng xy ra cc s c mt in trn din rng vo cc ngy
17/5/2005, 27/12/2006, 20/7/2007 v 04/9/2007. Theo ng Trn Vit Ngi - Ch tch Hip
120

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

hi u t xy dng nng lng: Vi mt nc ang pht trin nh Vit Nam, khi ngnh
cng nghip chim khong 49% tng GDP c nc, ch cn mt in mt gi, mc thit
hi cng c th vt qu con s 1.000 t ng. Do in l yu t then cht ca sn xut,
nhiu nc trn th gii khng cn tnh ton thit hi do mt in theo n v gi m l
n v pht. V vy, vic phn tch n nh in p Vit Nam cn c quan tm nhiu
hn na v c nhng bin php ngn nga sp in p.
2. ng cong PV, QV trong phn tch n nh in p
2.1. ng cong P-V
V(pu)

in p
ti hn

H thng n nh

im ti hn

H thng khng n nh
Cng sut ti hn
0
P(MW)
Hnh 1. Dng ng cong P-V c bn

Hnh trn biu din dng tiu biu nht ca ng cong P-V. N th hin s thay
i in p ti tng nt, c xem l mt hm ca tng cng sut tc dng truyn n nt
. C th thy rng ti im mi ca ng cong P-V, in p s gim rt nhanh khi
ph ti tng ln. H thng s b sp in p nu cng sut vt qu im mi ny, v
im ny c gi l im gii hn. Nh vy, ng cong ny c th c s dng xc
nh im lm vic gii hn ca h thng khng lm mt n nh in p hoc sp
in p, t xc nh d tr n nh dng lm ch s nh gi s n nh in p
ca h thng.
2.2. ng cong Q-V
S n nh in p c quyt nh bi s thay i cng sut tc dng P v cng
sut phn khng Q tc ng nh th no n in p ti cc nt. Tm nh hng ca
ng c tnh cng sut phn khng ca ph ti hay thit b b c biu din r rng
trong quan h ng cong Q-V. N ch ra nhy v bin thin ca nt in p i vi
lng cng sut phn khng bm vo hoc tiu th.
biu din ng cong QV, mt my pht tng tng c t ti nt phn
121

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

tch. Trc tung biu din u ra ca my pht o (MVAr). Trc honh biu din in p
tng ng trong n v tng i( pu). ng cong QV xc nh ti MVAr ln nht trc
khi sp in p. im vn hnh c bn c xc nh ti giao im gia trc honh v
ng cong. y l im m my pht o pht cng sut phn khng 0MVAr. Khi vch
ng cong i xung, n th hin my pht o pht cng sut phn khng MVAr gim. S
gim ny th hin s tng ti MVAr. Ti mt im, gi tr MVAr ca my pht o s
ngng gim v chm ti y ca ng cong. im ny th hin s tng ln nht ca ti
MVAr ti nt ny. Bt k ti MVAr no cao hn s gy ra sp in p.
Q(Var)

HT khng
n nh

HT n
nh

dV
dQ

im ti hn
V(pu)

Hnh 2. Dng ng cong Q-V in hnh

3. S dng ng cong PV/ QV trong PowerWorld Simulator 13 phn tch n

nh in p h thng in 500kV Vit Nam
S liu dng trong vic phn tch n nh in p ly nm 2010.
Cc s c c xt y l tt c cc contingency n-1 (mt 1 phn t trong h
thng nh my pht, my bin p, ng dy), mt s contingency n-2 quan trng (mt 2
phn t trong h thng), s c mt 1 nt 500kV.
3.1. S dng ng cong PV
ng cong PV c v mt phn v pha h thng lm vic n nh, t im lm
vic c bn n im mi tc l im h thng bt u mt n nh. Trc tung biu din
in p trong h n v tng i( pu). Trc honh biu din lng cng sut truyn trong
h thng c thm vo( MW).
u tin xc nh ngun nhn v ngun pht trong h thng

122

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

Ngun pht:

Hnh 3

Ngun nhn:

Hnh 4

Lc vn hnh bnh thng, lng cng sut truyn ti trong h thng in Vit
Nam l 13742 MW.
trng hp c bn, khi lng cng sut tc dng truyn trong h thng tng ln
1100MW th ng cong PV chm mi, tc l h thng mt n nh in p. Xt thm
cc trng hp s c bit trong trng hp no th d tr cng sut tc dng gim
nhiu nht.
Xt s c mt 1 ng dy 500kV, khi t 1 ng dy PLEIKU AKNNG
hoc DI LINH TN NH th d tr cng sut tc dng gim xung rt thp. C th,
t 1 ng dy PLEIKU AKNNG, khi lng cng sut tc dng truyn trong h

123

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

thng tng ln 262MW th h thng mt n nh in p; cn t 1 ng dy DI LINH

TN NH, khi lng cng sut tc dng truyn trong h thng tng ln 525MW th h
thng mt n nh in p. V vy, lc xy ra cc s c trn, h thng tin gn hn n
im mi, d gy ra sp in p. ng cong PV ti mt s nt:
0.965
PU Volt

PU Volt

0.975
0.97
0.965

0.96
0.955
0.95
0.945

0.96

0.94
0

500
Nominal Shift
base case: PHUMY
(4650)
L_03512DNO_PL_1-04419PL_PK_1C1: PHUMY
L_04022DL_TDINH-04129TD_DLINHC1: PHUMY

1,000

500
Nominal Shift
base case: PHULAM (4400)
L_03512DNO_PL_1-04419PL_PK_1C1: PHULAM
L_04022DL_TDINH-04129TD_DLINHC1: PHULAM

(4650)
(4650)

1,000

(4400)
(4400)

PWSIM V13 Optimal Power Flow (OPF), Security Constrained OPF (SCOPF), Av ailable Transf er Capability (ATC), PV and QV Curv es (PVQV), Automation Serv er (SimAuto); Build September 24, 2007
ansf er Capability (ATC), PV and QV Curv es (PVQV), Automation Serv er (SimAuto); Build September 24, 2007

1.012

PU Volt

PU Volt

1.01
1.008
1.006
1.004
1.002
1
0.998
0

500
Nominal Shift
base case: HATINH (2000)
L_03512DNO_PL_1-04419PL_PK_1C1: HATINH
L_04022DL_TDINH-04129TD_DLINHC1: HATINH

0.989
0.988
0.987
0.986
0.985
0.984
0.983
0.982
0

1,000

500
Nominal Shift
base case: SONLA (1200)
L_03512DNO_PL_1-04419PL_PK_1C1: SONLA
L_04022DL_TDINH-04129TD_DLINHC1: SONLA

(2000)
(2000)

1,000

(1200)
(1200)

e Transf er Capability
PV andPower
QV Curv
(PVQV),
Automation
Serv erOPF
(SimAuto);
Build
PWSIM(ATC),
V13 Optimal
Flowes(OPF),
Security
Constrained
(SCOPF),
AvSeptember
ailable Transf24,er 2007
Capability (ATC), PV and QV Curv es (PVQV), Automation Serv er (SimAuto); Build September 24, 2007

Hnh 5

Xt s c mt 1 nt, ngoi 2 trng hp mt nt H TNH v PH M lm h

thng mt n nh th khi mt mt trong cc nt THNG TN, PH LM, AKNONG,
NH B th d tr cng sut tc dng ti cc nt cng gim xung thp, lng cng
sut tc dng truyn i trong h thng c tng ln PV chm ti gii hn n nh
tng ng l 437MW, 37MW, 237MW, 512MW. c bit ch khi mt nt PH LM,
lng d tr cng sut tc dng rt thp ch cn 37MW.
Xt s c mt 2 t my pht, d tr cng sut tc dng gim xung thp nht
trng hp mt 2 t my pht Ph M, khi d tr cng sut tc dng ch cn
812MW.

124

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

1.02

PU Volt

1.015
1.01
1.005
1

200

400

600
Nominal Shift

base case: DANANG

(3100)
B_04400PHULAM: DANANG
(3100)
B_04450NHABE: DANANG
(3100)

800

1,000

B_01450TH_TIN: DANANG
(3100)
B_03500DAKNONG: DANANG
(3100)

low (OPF), Security Constrained OPF (SCOPF), Av ailable Transf er Capability (ATC), PV and QV Curv es (PVQV), Automation Serv er (SimAuto); Build September 24, 2007

0.982
0.98

PU Volt

0.978
0.976
0.974
0.972
0.97
0.968
0

200

400

600
Nominal Shift

base case: HOABINH

(1800)
B_04400PHULAM: HOABINH
(1800)
B_04450NHABE: HOABINH
(1800)

800

1,000

B_01450TH_TIN: HOABINH
(1800)
B_03500DAKNONG: HOABINH
(1800)

Security Constrained OPF (SCOPF), Av ailable Transf er Capability (ATC), PV and QV Curv es (PVQV), Automation Serv er (SimAuto); Build September 24, 2007

Hnh 6

1.01

0.97
PU Volt

PU Volt

1.008
1.006
1.004

0.965
0.96

1.002

0.955

0.95
0

500
Nominal Shift

1,000

base case: PLEIKU

(3300)
2 to may PHUMY: PLEIKU
(3300)

500
Nominal Shift

1,000

base case: NHABE

(4450)
2 to may PHUMY: NHABE
(4450)

COPF), Av ailable Transf er Capability (ATC), PVPWSIM

and QV
V13Curv
Optimal
es (PVQV),
Power Flow
Automation
(OPF), Security
Serv er
Constrained
(SimAuto);
OPF
Build
(SCOPF),
September
Av ailable
24, Transf
2007 er Capability (ATC), PV and QV Curv es (PVQV), Automation Serv er (SimAuto); Build September 24, 2007

Hnh 7

Xt s c t 2 ng dy, d tr cng sut tc dng gim xung thp, c th

cc trng hp nh sau:
LNG CSTD
TNG LN TI A
(MW)

S C 2 NG DY
HA BNH-NHO QUAN; TN NH-DILINH

622.49

THNG TN- QUNG NINH; TN NH-DILINH

622.49

125

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

PLEIKU-YALY; TN NH-DILINH

599.99

NHO QUAN- H TNH; TN NH-DILINH

587.49

TN NH-DILINH ; PH LM-NH B

574.99

TN NH-DILINH ; TN NH-SNG MY

564.99

H TNH- NNG; TN NH-DILINH

542.49

TN NH-DILINH ; NH B-PH M

529.99

TN NH-DILINH ; PH LM- MN

529.99

TN NH-DILINH ; SNG MY-PH M

519.99

NNG-DC SI; TN NH-DILINH

494.99

THNG TN-NHO QUAN; TN NH-DILINH

482.49

TN NH-DILINH ; NH B- MN

469.99

DC SI-PLEIKU; TN NH-DILINH

459.99

THNG TN-NHO QUAN; AKNNG-PLEIKU

449.99

AKNNG-PLEIKU; NH B-PH M

424.99

DI LINH-PLEIKU; TN NH-DILINH

400

HA BNH-NHO QUAN; AKNNG-PLEIKU

387.5

PLEIKU-YALY; AKNNG-PLEIKU

325

AKNNG-PLEIKU; TN NH-SNG MY

300

THNG TN- QUNG NINH; AKNNG-PLEIKU

300

NNG-DC SI; AKNNG-PLEIKU

290

SN LA-NHO QUAN; AKNNG-PLEIKU

280

AKNNG-PLEIKU; SNG MY-PH M

267.5

NHO QUAN-H TNH; AKNNG-PLEIKU

257.5

PLEIKU-DC SI; AKNNG-PLEIKU

245

DC SI- NNG; AKNNG-PLEIKU

235

AKNNG-PLEIKU; PH LM- MN

222.5

AKNNG-PLEIKU; PH LM-NH B

185

H TNH- NNG; AKNNG-PLEIKU

175

AKNNG-PLEIKU; TN NH-DI LINH

162.5

AKNNG-PLEIKU; NH B- MN

162.5
Bng 1

y l s c nng nn ti nhiu trng hp, d tr cng sut tc dng gim

xung thp.
3.2. S dng ng cong QV
Nt c n nh cng cao khi d tr cng sut phn khng cng ln, tc l c
tr tuyt i Qmin ca ng cong QV cng ln v ngc li.
Xt trng hp c bn, sau khi phn tch thu c Qmin ti mi nt, kt qu th
hin qua th:

126

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

Hnh 8

Cc nt 500kV c d tr cng sut phn khng b nht l H TNH, SN LA,

PITOONG; c d tr cng sut phn khng ln nht l YALY, PLEIKU.
Xt ti tng nt cc s c N-1( mt 1 t my pht, 1 ng dy, 1 my bin p,
tng ti), N-2( mt 2 t my pht, 2 ng dy, 2 my bin p), mt 1 nt. Sau , ti tng
trng hp, tm s c c d tr cng sut phn khng b nht mi nt. Kt qu thu
c th hin trong bng sau:
S C N-1

NT
BASE

S C N-2
2
N
G DY

2 MF

2 MBA

MT
NT

-897.55

-405.49

TN

CASE

MBA

MY
PHT

N
G DY

TNG
TI
50%

1150

PITOONG

-1052.9

-1021.66

-939.9

-651.29

-1052.9

-485.58

-825.11

1200

SONLA

-1051.94

-1020.42

-939.44

-654.28

-1051.94

-444.54

-824.82

-897.77

-403.85

1450

TH_TIN

-1235.69

-1169.33

-1016.28

-673.54

-1234.92

-581.27

-1691

-1135.07

-425.42

1600

Q_NINH

-1152.4

-1079.86

-963.78

-671.67

-1150.98

-459.5

-883.44

-1009.13

-419.66

1800

HOABINH

-1300.99

-1230.46

-1089.72

-979.12

-1300.92

-697.04

-946.39

-1048.69

-485.37

1850

NHO_QUA
N

-1308.54

-1286.49

-1148.95

-864.34

-1308.18

-440.9

-1463.86

-1320.22

-998.7

2000

HATINH

-906.07

-778.98

-796.34

-515.51

-903.87

-213.88

-704.99

-740.53

-654.57

3100

DANANG

-1937.28

-1655.36

-1665.64

-1398.02

-1774.78

-751.06

-1824.31

-1623.74

-904.14

3150

DOCSOI

-1760.34

-1674.35

-1726.71

-1203.63

-1754.92

-187.38

-1652.97

-1652.9

-850.38

3300

PLEIKU

-2059.65

-1962.48

-1770.61

-1510.61

-1948.51

-1270

-1607.48

-1726.44

-1368.4

3400

YALI

-2009.37

-1917.57

-1759.31

-1554.24

-1913.02

-1243

-1558.51

-1713.49

-1390.6

3500

DAKNONG

-1551.85

-1457.72

-1367.69

-977.82

-1519.47

-871,75

-1466.56

-1284.77

-816.69

4020

DI_LINH

-1730.61

-1587.62

-1515.14

-891.17

-1584.22

-298.94

-1435.07

-1542.86

-898.1

4100

TAN_DINH

-1547.49

-1429.67

-1260.37

-738.25

-1447.85

-596.93

-1092.78

-1263.56

-786

4200

SONG_MA
Y

-1477.33

-1369.15

-1217.35

-746.58

-1363.19

-637.95

-1053.21

-1171.32

-507.53

4400

PHULAM

-1485.52

-1390.45

-1208.29

-790.04

-1349.41

-659.33

-1226.76

-1162.15

-574.11

4450

NHABE

-1488.55

-1333.4

-1189.46

-808.22

-1360.1

-687.76

-1029.24

-1137.71

-579.42

4650

PHUMY

-1448.89

-1344.32

-1186.19

-751.11

-1361.53

-678.46

-1181.82

-1118.36

-542.5

4750

OMON

-1244.44

-1197.42

-1089

-740.96

-1174.4

-636.61

-937.69

-1020.2

-569.25

Bng 2

S c mt 1 nt l s c nng, s c ny d tr cng sut phn khng ti tt c

cc nt u gim xung thp. c bit khi mt nt H TNH hoc PH M, bi ton
127

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

phn b cng sut s khng gii c.

s c mt 2 ng dy, c trng hp d tr cng sut phn khng ti cc nt
H TNH, DI LINH, DC SI gim xung rt thp, c th nh sau:
Nt

S c t 2 ng dy

Qmin

H TNH

Nho Quan-H Tnh; H Tnh- Nng

-213,88

DI LINH

Pleiku-Di Linh; Di Linh-Tn nh

-298,94

DC SI

Nng-Dc Si; Dc Si-Pleiku

-187,38

Bng 3

Nhn thy rng cc nt H TNH, PITOONG, SN LA lun c d tr cng

sut phn khng b nht, v vy khi phn tch n nh in p trong h thng in Vit
Nam th y l cc nt yu, d mt n nh in p nht. Cc nt PLEIKU, YALY l cc
nt c d tr cng sut phn khng ln.
**BUS** 2000 (HATINH

_500.0),**CASE** BASECASE

**BUS** 2000 (HATINH

_500.0),**CASE** G_52010PMY_1_G1U1

1,000
Q_sync (MVR)

Q_sync (MVR)

1,000
500
0
-500

0.94 0.96 0.98

500
0
-500

1 1.02 1.04 1.06 1.08

Voltage (V)

1.1

0.94 0.96 0.98

1 1.02 1.04 1.06 1.08

Voltage (V)

1.1

wer
ility Flow
(ATC),
(OPF),
PV and
Security
QV Curv
Constrained
es (PVQV),OPF
Automation
(SCOPF),Serv
Av er
ailable
(SimAuto);
Transf er
Build
Capability
September
(ATC),
24, PV
2007
and QV Curv es (PVQV), Automation Serv er (SimAuto); Build September 24, 2007

**BUS** 2000 (HATINH

_500.0),**CASE** L_02012HT_DN_1-03119DN_HT_1C1
**BUS** 2000 (HATINH
1,000
Q_sync (MVR)

1,000
Q_sync (MVR)

_500.0),**CASE** 1HOABINH+1HAIPHONG

500
0

500
0
-500

-500
0.94 0.96 0.98

1
1.02 1.04 1.06 1.08
Voltage (V)

1.1

0.94 0.96 0.98

1
1.02 1.04 1.06 1.08
Voltage (V)

1.1

ability
Power(ATC),
Flow (OPF),
PV andSecurity
QV CurvConstrained
es (PVQV), OPF
Automation
(SCOPF),
Serv
Averailable
(SimAuto);
TransfBuild
er Capability
September
(ATC),
24, 2007
PV and QV Curv es (PVQV), Automation Serv er (SimAuto); Build September 24, 2007

Hnh 9. ng cong QV nt H TNH trng hp c bn v mt s trng hp s c

Kt lun
n nh in p l mt vn quan trng cn c quan tm trong vn hnh h
thng in. S dng ng cong PV, QV ta c th tm c cc nt yu v n nh in p
trong h thng, xc nh c cc s c d gy ra sp in p. T c c cc bin
php cn thit tng d tr n nh in p ti cc nt nh t cc thit b b ti
cc nt H thng 500kV ca Vit Nam vn m bo v n nh in p, song vn cn

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Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

tn ti mt s nt yu nh H TNH, PITOONG, SN LA, v mt s s c c th gy nh

hng ln n d tr n nh in p nh trnh by trn. Trong tng lai cn xem
xt n vn ny bo m vn hnh h thng ngy mt tt hn.
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1] P. Kundur (1994), Power System Stability and Control, McGraw Hill, New York.
[2] Operation Group Report, Operation report on May 2005, December 2006 and
September 2007, National Load Dispatch Center EVN, Vit Nam.
[3] PGS.TS inh Thnh Vit, PGS.TS Ng Vn Dng, L Hu Hng, Kho st quan
h cng sut tc dng ti nt ph ti nh gi gii hn n nh in p, Tp ch
Khoa hc v Cng ngh i hc Nng( 2007).
[4] PGS.TS inh Thnh Vit, L Hu Hng, Vietnamese 500kV Power System and
Recent Blackouts ( conference paper accepted to 2008 IEEE Power Engineering
Society General Meeting, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, July 20-24, 2008).
[5] Thit hi do thiu in:Thng k khng k xit, Trn Thy, 16/06/2005.

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