Modifiable Risk Factors: GI Surgery Constipation Medications Electrolyte Imbalance Spinal Cord Injury (T5) Stress

Non - Modifiable Risk Factors: Age (60+) Gender (Females are more affected than males Genetics

Infrequent defecation withholding the Stool

Decrease blood flow to organs

Maximum heart rate declines due to aging

Infrequent bowel movements Damages blood vessels throughout the body overtime

Alterations in blood pressure

Decreased diastolic filling of the ventricles

Difficulty in defecating

High blood pressure Hypertension Kidney filters (Glomerulus) may not function due to damage

Constipation Kidneys blood vessels are narrowed or possibly damaged (+) Abdominal Colic

After load rises secondary to increase stiffness in the ascending aorta

Decreased/impaired Bowel movement

Impairment of the ventricles Inability of ventricles to empty the chamber

Accumulation of Gas and Fluids within the bowel

Intestinal/Abdominal Distention

Diaphragm is compressed due to abdominal distention

Higher end diastolic feeling pressure reduces myocardial blood flow

Accumulation of waste products in the intestinal lining

Shortness of breathing Waste products and excess fluid cannot be excreted Large molecules can pass through Glomeruli

Inadequate supply to other organs

Bowel Obstruction

Inadequate supply of blood to the brain

Proteins may pass through and are excreted through the urine Proteinuria:

Excessive fluid volume Edema Bed ridden

One part of the brain losses function

Stroke Coma GCS: E1 V1 M1 = 3

Prolonged Catheterization

Bed sores/ulcers may occur Some wounds are not medicated or treated

Infection

WBC:

Chief Complaint: Cannot defecate