Some Notes to Sabian Philosophy & Timaeus

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Introduction
The planet cult of Harran (Roman: Carrhae) and Edessa (Urfa, and today: anlurfa) is based on worshiping the sun, moon, and five other visible planets. The Sabians also related these seven planets to vowels, metals and colors, which allows us to identify vowel symbolism in some of the words we use in modern languages. The worshipers did build seven temples, which individually had been devoted to each of the seven planets. The city was the chief home of the Mesopotamian moon god Sin, under the Assyrians and NeoBabylonians/Chaldeans and even into Roman times. Sin's temple was rebuilt by several kings, in the 7 th and the 6th century BCE. Herodian (iv. 13, 3) mentions the town (named Carrhae) as possessing in his day a temple of the moon: Not long after they made this agreement, it happened that Caracalla, who was spending the time at Carrhae in Mesopotamia, conceived a desire to leave the imperial quarters and visit the Temple of the Moon, for Selene is the goddess1 whom the natives particularly adore. The temple was located some distance from Carrhae, and the journey was a long one. The Sabian philosophy provides a single source for the origin of vowel-series in the ego-pronouns and divine names. Recorded wisdom has been stored in ancient manuscripts. Harran's seven planets however cannot be considered as equal partners. According to Timaeus the sun had been accompanied by two illegal children (Mercury and Venus) to meet four other planets (Moon, Saturn, Mars, Jupiter) in their special universal orbits. Plato's Timaeus reduces the seven planetary orrery (Jehova2) to a basically simpler five swiftness-system IAOY, which may be represented by 5 basic vowels. The other 2 planets (Mercury and Venus, represented by the vowels E respectively H) are additional elements, which didn't play a substantial role in the fundamental laws of harmony. This subordinate role may also explain why the Greeks illustrated the insignificance of the planets Mercury (Hermes) and Venus (Aphrodite) by their illegal positions in the pedigree Saturn (Kronos) Jupiter (Zeus) Mars (Ares). The vital elements in the universe's harmony are the Sun, the Moon, Saturn (Kronos), Jupiter (Zeus) and Mars (Ares), in that order represented by , which initially before the birth of Zeus seems be have been originated as the Trigrammaton .

1 In contrast to Selene the deity Sin cannot be considered as a female deity. 2 In the Jewish-Egyptian magic-papyri it appears as . (source: NAMES OF GOD - JewishEncyclopedia)

The Sabians of Harran

Most of what is known of the Sabian philosophy comes from Arabian authors. In the later ninth century CE, Arab authors focused upon the origins of the "Abrahamic" Sabians. According to some authors, the Sabians followed the fourth book of Abrahamic tradition, the Zabur. The religious concept of the Sabians of Harran3 had been based on the seven visible Chaldean planets: the Sun, the Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, and Saturn. The Sabians however used other names, such as Il (Sun), Sin (Moon), Nirig (Nirgal or Mars), Enba (Nebo or Mercury), Bil (Jupiter), Estera (Ishtar or Venus), and Kewan (Saturn). In other documents the planets' names have been mixing Hellenic and Greek names such as: Ilios (Helios), Sin, Ares, Nabuq, Bal, Baithi, Kronos, in which the name Ilios (Helios) may also refer to Ilion (Troya) as the Suns's City. Some of the Sabian formulas sound familiar to us: The Sun is also referred to as Adunay (Adonai), which means lord.4. Of all these planetary symbols5 the sun seems to be the principal planetary spirit: As lord of the planetary spirits the Sun's place is in the midst of them. The Sun, as the greatest, stands in the central or fourth heaven. Originally the Moon however seems to have been the superior element of the Chaldean planets. The moon-cult belongs to the nomadic and therefore earlier stage of civilization, whereas the sun-god rises to full importance only after the agricultural stage has been reached6.

Harran
Harran was situated along a trade route between the Mediterranean and the plains of the middle Tigris. For a longer period of time Harran was known as a major center for the worship of Sin (Nanna). There was a great temple dedicated to the moon god Sin at Harran, and it is claimed that Harran was one of seven cities each of which was dedicated to one of the seven planets 7. It was in Harran that God first spoke to Abraham, saying "Go from your country, your people and your father's household to the land I will show you." (Genesis 12:1).

3 4 5 6 7

The Sabians of Harran - Hermetics Resource The Planetary Week in Mesopotamia - 4 Angel's Publications - Eberhard Schrader The Sun, the Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn source: ama The Sabians of Harran - Hermetics Resource

Seven8
I studied some relevant manuscripts explaining Sabian and other archaic, Hermetic philosophy. The Hermesians seem to have been impressed by the number seven, e.g. in seven laws. For their great feast they took seven bulls and seven rams, and fed them with several herbs including Hashishat uz Zohrah, during seven days. The seventh day of the week they decked them out with gold and jewels.... One of the hieroglyphs (with 7 circular dots arranged circularly around one central dot) symbolizes a planet.

Fig. 2: The Moon

Fig. 1: Planet

These hieroglyphs belong to the predecessors of ancient alphabetical writings:

Fig. 3: Hermesian hieroglyphs

From: Ancient alphabets and hieroglyphic characters explained (1806)

8 Ibn-Waya, Amad Ibn-Al; Hammer-Purgstall, Joseph von (1806). Ancient alphabets and hieroglyphic characters explained: with an account of the Egyptian priests, their classes, initiation, and sacrifices . Bulmer. Retrieved 12 June 2011.

Reconstruction of the Sin-Temple (553/552 BCE)

Harran had seven gates dedicated to each of the planetary deities ( Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn) according to the principles of talismanic magic. It was circular in shape and had a large temple in its center surmounted by a 50m high tower of the Astrologers9. A famous phrase, written over the main entrance door to the largest temple of Harran could still be read by Arabic historian Masudi in 943 AD: Know yourself, and you will become God... The worship of the Moon God at Harran evolved with the centuries. A set of temples of distinctive shape and color dedicated to each of the seven planets as representatives of the cosmic deity arose10. In a commemorative plaque for the reconstruction of the Sin 11-Tempels 553/552 BCE the last Babylonian king Nabonid worships Sin, ama and Itar (Moon, Sun and Venus). The moon symbols is considerably larger than the symbols for the sun and for Venus. In fact ama and Itar are Sin's children. The triad seems to symbolize a trinity of the three planets Moon, Sun and Venus, similar to the celestial god Anu, the Sumerian, Akkadian and Babylonian king of gods, one of the oldest gods in the Sumerian pantheon.

Fig. 4: Nabonidus in relief showing him praying to the moon, sun and Venus
Photo by Jona lendering - Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.

Usually Itar's is symbolized by an eight-pointed star, but in this case the Venus' symbol is a sevenpointed star, which normally represents the earth.

9 Uncharted Ruins: Harran of the Sabians 10 Archaeological photo gallery of the Arabian Moon-God 11 The name Sinai may have been derived from the ancient moon-god Sin or from the Hebrew word "Seneh".

Ibn Shaddad (1234 AD)12

According to the Arab historian Ibn Shaddad (1145-1234) each of the seven temples of Harran was constructed to a particular geometrical form, associated with a particular planet, a particular metal and had its own color as shown13. # Temple/God 1 Shamash 2 Sn 3 Nergal 4 Marduk 5 Nabu 6 Ishtar 7 Ninurta Planet Sun Moon Mars Jupiter Mercury Venus Saturn Metal gold silver iron tin quicksilver copper lead Color yellow white red green brown blue black #1 I A O U/Y E H #2 I H E U/Y O A #3 A U/Y E H O I #4 A I O H E U/Y

Table 1: the seven temples of Harran In Ibn Shaddad's color system the male planet Mars has been symbolized by the color red, and the female planet Venus is colored blue. Although not really matching other sources some symbolic colors seem to have been derived from Babylonian observations, which had been identified by Ptolemy 14. Some of these observations match Ibn Shaddad's color system: "For if they appear black or livid they signify the effects which were mentioned in connection with Saturn's nature; if white, those of Jupiter; if reddish, those of Mars; if yellow, those of Venus; and if variegated, those of Mercury. If the characteristic color appears to cover the whole body of the luminary or the whole region surrounding it, the predicted event will affect most of the parts of the countries; but if it is in any one part, it will affect only that part against which the phenomenon is inclined"15. Unfortunately the interpretation and even the definition of colors has been notoriously unreliable 16. Colors used to be described by referring to some flowers or mineral, sometimes even by undefined objects such as hyacinths.

12 13 14 15 16

Symbolizing Eternity - The Table of Vowel-Symbolism The Royal Arch of the Heavens - Barron Barnett Lodge Source: Tetrabiblos Tetrabiblos II.9 (Loeb: p.193): Analysis of the Translation Errors in Exodus 25-4 (The Yellow Blue Misinterpretion)

Vowel assignments
From the writings of Aristotle and Hippocrates we know that as early as the 4th Century B.C.E. the Greek initiates attributed the seven vowels to the seven heavens and planets.17 Manly P. Hall (1901-1990) in his Secret Teachings of All Ages18 discusses the correspondences: The Greek initiates also recognized a fundamental relationship between the individual heavens or spheres of the seven planets, and the seven sacred vowels. The first heaven uttered the sound of the sacred vowel (Alpha); the second heaven, the sacred vowel (Epsilon); the third, (Eta); the fourth, (Iota); the fifth, (Omicron); the sixth, (Upsilon); and the seventh heaven, the sacred vowel (Omega). When these seven heavens sing together they produce a perfect harmony which ascends as an everlasting praise to the throne of the Creator. (See Irenus Against Heresies.) 19 Although not so stated, it is probable that the planetary heavens are to be considered as ascending in the Pythagorean order, beginning with the sphere of the moon, which would be the first heaven20. Another remarkable relation to the divine vowel-names may be found in the work De Elocutione of Demetrius 21: In Egypt the priests, when singing hymns in praise of the gods, employ the seven vowels, which they utter in due succession; and the sound of these letters is so euphonious that men listen to it in place of aulos and cithara. Magical invocations such as the introductory line of the Mithras Liturgy (P.G.M. IV. 475-829) may start with22: First origin of my origin, AEHIOY, first beginning of my beginning.. In others, like the various permutations of the seven vowels (AEHIOY) and the commonly repeated divine names of IA and IEOU, the vowel sounds were the magical formula used to invoke the power of the seven Immortal Gods of the Universe.

Reduction from seven to three vowels

Unfortunately the exact vowel assignments to the planets seem to be missing. A-: Greek Vowels and the Chaldean Planets suggests four different assignments for vowels, named #1(Moon-Alpha order), #2(Saturn-Alpha order), #3(Saturn-Iota), #4(Moon-Iota) in the previously documented table. I considered this study as too complex and decided to reduce complexity by assuming the seven elements may have been grown from a simpler triad structure (Sun, Moon and Saturn) to which the other minor planets Mars, Jupiter, Mercury and Venus) had been added. In fact Saturn is the oldest deity in the archaic pantheon (the father of Jupiter and grandfather of Mars) and slowest of all planets. The four minor planets belong to a younger generation. This reduces the pantheon to the archaic triad in which the archaic vowels I, A, (in Latin: I, A, U respectively Y) seem to be concentrated:

17 Kierren Barry. The Greek Qabalah (York Beach, ME: Weiser Books, 1999): 35 -50. 18 Manly Palmer Hall. Secret Teachings of All Ages (New York, NE:Tarcher/Penguin, 2003[1928]). 19 Source: A-: Greek Vowels and the Chaldean Planets 20 The Pythagorean Theory of Music and Color 21 Demetrius, of Phaleron, b. 350 B.C. Spurious and doubtful works late Hellenistic or early Roman period ( Archaischer Vokalsymbolismus) 22 A-: Greek Vowels and the Chaldean Planets

# Temple/God 1 Shamash 2 Sn 7 Ninurta

Planet Sun Moon Saturn

Metal gold silver lead

Color yellow white black

#1 I A

#2 I A

#3 A U/Y I

#4 A I U/Y

Table 2: Reduction to the basic triad in the seven temples of Harran In this planetary triad the Moon, the Sun and Saturn are being symbolized by the Greek vowels IA, respectively the Roman IAU in all four sorting sequences.

A hierarchical planetary Concept

Ares23 (Mars), Hermes24 (Mercury) and probably Aphrodite25 (Venus) have been documented as children of Zeus (Jupiter). Apart from the Sun and Moon the Chaldean planetary concept arranged the divinities as follows in three hierarchical levels: 1. Saturn (Kronos) 2. Jupiter (Zeus) 3. Mars (Ares) Mercury (Hermes) Venus (Aphrodite) The (male) sun-god Helios, the (female) moon-god Selene and the Aurora (Eos) were the offspring of Hyperion and Theia,

The Emerald Tablet of Thoth

Of course the reversed sorting of these vowels in #1, #2, #3 and #4 reminded me of the formula in the Emerald Tablet of Thoth: That which is Below corresponds to that which is Above, and that which is Above corresponds to that which is Below... And this formula is valid for the the basic triad as well as for the seven planet system. Mars and Venus may be skipped for their rather secondary vowel representatives. Statistically Jupiter and Mercury cannot be compared to the basic triad of Sun, Moon and Saturn. The vowels O, E and H belong to the lowest hierarchy which is dominated by the archaic triad IA, respectively IAU.

A and of the planetary concept

In all concepts Saturn is the last element and the Moon is the first element A. The moon and Saturn are the A and of the planetary concept. The sun (I) is located at the central position of the seven vowels (AEHIOY) whereas the moon is identified at the central position of the triad IA. This may confirm the rule of an archaic dominant moon-concept in the nomadic phase based on the triad IA and an agricultural stage based on the seven vowels (AEHIOY):
23 According to Hesiod Ares had been documented as a matrimonial son of Zeus and Hera. Hera and Zeus three legal children, but only Ares belonged to the divine category. 24 Hermes is an illegal son of Zeus with a Nymph named Maria. 25 According to Homer she is a daughter of Zeus and Dione. She also had two illegal children with Ares.

Originally the Moon however seems to have been the superior element of the Chaldean planets. The moon-cult belongs to the nomadic and therefore earlier stage of civilization, whereas the sun-god rises to full importance only after the agricultural stage has been reached26. Of course none of the earlier phases was allowed to be skipped. In a similar way we may still find some DOS-based software in the modern Windows operating system.

26 source: ama

The Turkish sky-god Tengri27

In the oldest known line-written pre-cuneiform Sumerian tablets, God is written with a triad of stars (see Figure 1, in Tengri, Khuday, Deos and God - The word "God" in different languages). This was later simplified to a single star. Tengri (tri) also has been represented by a symbolic triad:

Fig. 5: tri as a triad of symbols This triad may be compared to the triad in king Nabonid's commemorative sculpture for the reconstruction of the Sin-temple:

Fig. 6: the moon, the sun and Venus

Photo by Jona lendering - Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.

The vowels in the Hebrew JHVH and the Semite first personal pronoun
Tengri, Khuday, Deos and God - The word "God" in different languages suggests: C.J.28 Ball writes that "the character Fig.#1-D, an 'high,' 'heaven,' and, 'The God of Heaven,' which was read (in Sumerian - Translator's Note) Dingir in the sense of a god also meant (in Semitic - Translator's Note) Ia'u or Ya'u and Ia-a-ti or Ya-ti. The latter Ia-a-ti29 or Ya-ti is the Assyrian first person pronoun30 . . . and may well be the prototype for the Semite first personal pronoun."31. He also suggests that Ia'u and Ya'u are the predecessors of the final form of the Hebrew JHVH.
27 28 29 30 31 Notes to the Turkic Runic Alphabet Charles James? The word is highly vowel-concentrated and must be considered as a religious symbol related to God Tengri, Khuday, Deos and God - The word "God" in different languages Sumer and Shem (New York: Oxford University, 1915), pp. 14, 15. quoted in Tengri, Khuday, Deos and God

Venus-symbol as an eight-pointed star, or a seven-pointed star (?)

Normally Venus would be represented by an eight-pointed star, but in two Nabonid sculptures (one in the archeological museum at anlurfa and another stele at the British Museum in London) Nabonid's portrait has been depicted with a seven-pointed star. This triad may also be understood as Moon-Sun-Earth32 or Moon-Sun-Planet33.

Fig. 7: Triad at the Nabonid sculpture (in the archeological museum in anlurfa)
From Klaus-Peter Simon according to Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.

32 A seven-pointed star usually is interpreted as Earth-symbol. The six-pointed star is a Mars-symbol (from: Sumerische Mythologie) 33 In which the planet is to be understood as a previously described hieroglyph for planet

IA, IAO oder IAU34

In Indo-European languages the divine name has been encoded as triads. A Greek fragment of Leviticus (26:2-16) discovered in the Dead Sea scrolls (Qumran) specifies ("Iao"), the Greek form of the Hebrew trigrammaton YHW35. These triads usually start with an I, to be followed by the well known alpha and omega. In historical documents the divine name usually includes a series of vowels, which have been listed in Wikipedia's entry YHWH36: Diodorus Siculus (1st century BCE) writes[68] (Iao); Irenaeus (d. c. 202) reports[69] that the Gnostics formed a compound (Iaoth) with the last syllable of Sabaoth. He also reports[70] that the Valentinian heretics use (Iao); Clement of Alexandria (d. c. 215)[71] writes (Iaou)see also below; Origen of Alexandria (d. c. 254), (Iao);[72] Porphyry (d. c. 305) according to Eusebius (died 339),[73] (Ieuo); Epiphanius (died 404), who was born in Palestine and spent a considerable part of his life there, gives (Ia) and (Iabe) and explains as meaning He who was and is and always exists.[74] (Pseudo-)Jerome (4th/5th century),[75] (tetragrammaton) can be read Iaho; Theodoret (d. c. 457) writes (Iao);[76] he also reports[77] that the Samaritans say or (both pronounced at that time /ja'v/), while the Jews say (Aia).[78] (The latter is probably not but Ehyeh = "I am " or "I will be", Exod. 3:14 which the Jews counted among the names of God.) James of Edessa (died 708),[79] Jehjeh; Jewish magical papyri also use vowel-formulas such as orIave resp. I (Yaba) for the Tetragrammaton YHWH37. AEIOU is a vowel-formula as a symbolic device utilized by the Habsburg emperors. Emperor Frederick III (141593), who habitually signed buildings and objects with the acronym. I compared these IAO-triads with the Indo-European sky-god's names for Dyau, which also contain a vowel triad IAU and noticed that a number of ego-pronouns 38 also contain vowel series, which are similar to the triads IAU. In a number of languages the ego-pronoun is similar to the name of the Creator-God, who created man ( that is me) as an image of the Divine Being: in Italian the ego-pronoun io resembles his Creator Dio, and in Provencal iu sounds like an echo to Diu.

34 35 36 37 38

Zur Ableitung der Ego-Pronomina aus dem PIE-Namen Dyaus Patristic writings According to the Catholic Encyclopedia (1910) and B.D. Eerdmans K. Preisendanz, Papyri Graecae Magicae, Leipzig-Berlin, I, 1928 and II, 1931. (quoted in YHWH ) Personal pronouns of the first person singular

Vowels
The manifestation of our cosmos with its seven planetary spheres has been documented for the Greek alphabet for which Abbe Jean Jacques Barthelemy (1716-95) discovered the correspondence to the seven Chaldaean planets, which according to the relative orbital velocity of the planets had been arranged as: Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus, Mercury, Moon. Porphyry and Marcus defined two groups of 3 planets each, symmetrically grouped at both sides of the Sun. This scheme had been taught by the Egyptians and Pythagoreans39. # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Vowel I A O E U (Y) H Planet Sun Moon short Mars short Mercury Jupiter long Venus long Saturn female male gender variable40 Day of the week Sunday Monday Tuesday Thursday Friday Saturday Table 3: The seven Chaldean planets The Yod-symbol always seems to be located at the beginning of divine names IA (YHW), Ieoua (Jehova), (Jehova). The represents the slowest planet and oldest creator god. In due time a new principal deity (Jupiter/Zeus) had followed the -generation. Also the list of ego-pronouns with a leading character I, J or Y is impressive: I 41, Y, io, yo, je, ieu, iou, iau, iu, J, j, respectively jei42. androgynous Wednesday

Reduction from seven to five vowels

Originally Greek language, the Minoan Linear B and the Phoenician Alphabet used five vowels. The vowels Y and had been introduced 403 BCE. Maybe the original alphabets shared one symbol for the short and long versions of the vocals: a short E and a long H (eta), respectively a short O (omicron) and a long (omega). The five vowel phase also reminded me of the Roman alphabet with a 5-vowel set AEIOU, which had been adopted as a signature AEIOU by the Habsburg emperor Frederick III (14151493). Maybe the Sabians had started building three temples, which had been extended to five and in the end to seven, according to the sets: IA (YHW), Ieoua (Jehova), (Jehova).

39 The Mystery of the Seven Vowels - by Joscelyn Godwin (1991) 40 A male sun and female moon is only valid for Roman philosophy. In German language. German language uses a female sun and male moon. 41 Apart from English the ego-pronoun I is found in west-Norway (Romsdal/Molde) and in Snsa (in Nord Trndelag). 42 The Derivation of European Ego-Pronouns from the PIE-Sky-God Dyaus

Ego-Pronouns43
In his word-list Morris Swadesh considered the ego-pronouns as the most important of all words, although he ignored the divine names. The ego-pronouns and the divine names are closely related and we should not be surprised to hear a translation as "I am that I am" for the passage in Exodus 3:14 in which God gives his name as ( Ehyeh Asher Ehyeh). After all the Ehyeh-pronoun (I in the imperfect form) already is a genuine vowel-word. If Ia'u and Ya'u are to be considered as predecessors for the Trigrammaton IA (or JHVH) the words Ia'u and Ya'u may also be considered as predecessors for the ego-pronouns.

43 Archaischer Vokalsymbolismus

The archaic (or fundamental) vowels I, A, U44

In order to sing or utter a vowel the vocal tract must be opened. For a consonant some resistant medium will have to be inserted.

Fig. 8: IPA vowel chart (Table of vowels) Most languages use three vowels, usually /i/, /a/, /u/ such as in classical Arabic and Inuktitut (or //, //, // such as in the Quechua-language)45. In Dyaus, resp. Dius the high/closed vowels (I, Y, and U) will include the central vowel A or . For this reason I, A and U may be considered as the archaic fundamental vowels. The vowels E, O and their derivatives have been introduced in later eras.

44 source: Vowel (Wikipedia) 45 source: Vowel (Wikipedia)

Frontal (I) and backward (U) located Vowels

Vowel backness is named for the position of the tongue during the articulation of a vowel relative to the back of the mouth. In front vowels, such as [i], the tongue is positioned forward in the mouth, whereas in back vowels, such as [u], the tongue is positioned towards the back of the mouth. For their extremely chosen opposite position the I- and U-vowels are to be considered as antipodes. (Unfortunately the U-position is not shown in this sketch).

9: Tongue positions of cardinal front vowels

(from: Wikipedia Creative Commons46) Tongue positions of cardinal front vowels with highest point indicated. The position of the highest point is used to determine vowel height and backness

46 Published by Badseed under GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2

The seven vowels word (Jehova)

Jupiter (Vowels O and U)
Basically Jupiter has been based on the vowel core IOU, in which the vowel O correlates with the U-vowel directly refers to the planet Jupiter. Did the Italics or Romans ever worship the planet Jupiter ? And did they deliberately choose the ego-pronoun Io respectively Iou or Yo as a reference to Jupiter? In Sicily the ego-pronoun Iu at least has been chosen to fit to the divine name Diu. Anyway at the southern side of the Alps the ego-pronouns and the divine name are being dominated by the vowel O for the planet Jupiter.

Zeus, Dieu, Merkur (Vowel E)

In contrast France is being dominated by the vowel E, which may have been introduced into southern France by the Greek colonists at Marseille. The vowel E also had been reported as a symbol at the main gate of the Apollo temple at Delphi 47. And with respect to the E in Zeus the core vowel E engraved at the door to the Apollo temple had been a reference to the planet Mercury. Also the Portuguese are using an ego-pronoun eu and a divine name Deu which refer to the vowel E a reference to Mercury. The historic Roman manuscripts document how the Gauls worshiped the Wotan/Odin as Mercury. The first reference has been given in Tacitus' Germania in which Odin, respectively Wotan had been compared to Mercury48: Mercury is the deity whom they chiefly worship, and on certain days they deem it right to sacrifice to him even with human victims. Hercules and Mars they appease with more lawful offerings. The correlations (Jupiter = OU, Mercury = E) seems to fit tot the standard vowel references for the seven Chaldean planets, which had been ordered to their sidereal velocities.
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Vowel I A O E U (Y) H long long short short Planet Sun Moon Mars Mercury Jupiter Venus Saturn female male androgynous gender variable Day of the week Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Table 4: The seven Chaldean planets

47 see: E - of the E-symbol Engraven Over the Gate of Apollos Temple at Delphi 48 Tacitus: Germania (6-15)

Chur
At the north side of the Alps the ancient episcopal center Chur49 is also known for the highly concentrated variations of the ego-pronouns. The center of vowel permutations has been recorded to radiate into four directions: jau as a special variant in Mnstertal and the town Zernez in Unterengadin (with the local variant jo). This contrasts to eu in the rest of the Unterengadin region, respectively eau in upper Engadin (Oberengadin)50. Then again we may identify ieu (French) and iou (Alpine Dialects). Furthermore these variants have been identified in the divine names Dieu and Diou, (probably also as Diau). South of Chur the Ego-Pronouns developed as IOU and IO, to the west as IEU and IE, to the east as IAU and IA and to the north as IH or (Eta).

The Slavic people (Vowel A)

The standard Slavic Ego-pronoun Ja suggests to assume the planet worship of the Moon and the vowel A.

The Germanic and Viking regions (Vowels I, resp. E and )51

The Germans and Vikings preferred gods like Ziu, Dis and Tyr, which had been referring to Mars as it had been encoded in Tuesday52. The ego-pronouns refer to the vowels Y, I or Ih, respectively . There is considerable variety in the way the first person singular nominative pronoun is pronounced in Norwegian dialects. They appear to fall into three groups, within which there are also variations53: E(g), (g), and i(g), in which the hard 'g' may or may not be included. This is common in most of Southern and Western Norway, Trndelag, and most of Northern Norway. Some places in Western Norway, it's common to say "Ej". I (pronounced /i/), in a few areas in Western Norway (Romsdal/Molde) and Snsa54 in Nord Trndelag J (/je/), j (/j/), or jei (/ji/), in areas around Oslo, and north along the Swedish border, almost to Trondheim, as well as one region in Troms. In Norway's Bokml the ego-pronoun officially is defined as jeg (resp. in Nynorsk eg), but the dialects use a great variety of this prototype. In southern Germany the common vowel for ego-pronoun Ih seems to be H (Eta). In Scandinavia the vowels E and may have been preferred, which might refer to the planet Venus (Freyr-Freyja).

49 Chur is known as the Swiss city with the longest uninterrupted historical record 50 Jauer (Romansh) as a language with jau as an ego-pronoun. Jauer is a dialect of Romansh that is spoken in the Val Mstair. Jauer is usually not written; the written standard in Val Mstair is Rumantsch Grischun (Vallader until 2008). 51 The Derivation of European Ego-Pronouns From the PIE-Sky-God Dyaus 52 The symbolic vowel would be O (?) 53 Norwegian dialects Wikipedia see: 4.3.2 First person pronoun, nominative singular 54 Snsa is one of the last strongholds for the seriously endangered Southern Sami language.

Recursion
In most societies the sun and Jupiter had been preferred as leading planetary symbols. The prominent vowel combination IU had been synthesized from the vowel I (the sun's symbol) and the vowel U of the lucky planet Jupiter (for its medieval name Fortuna Major55). We may identify a recursion in the name Jupiter, in which a vowel symbol U has been used to refer to Jupiter itself. The Romans combined IU with the vowel symbol O for the planet Mars, resulting in a IOU-core for Jove. Other peoples such as the Greeks and Gauls did prefer the vowel I ( a symbol for the sun), the vowel U for Jupiter ( Fortuna Major) and Mercury's vowel E. These choices resulted in divine names such as the Greek Zeus and the French Dieu.

55 Jupiter (fortuna major) and Venus (fortuna minor) are good planets; Saturn (infortuna major) and Mars (infortuna minor) are malignant planets. The sun, moon, and Mercury have a mixed character. (Catholic Encyclopedia: Astrology - New Advent)

The Chaldean planets

The Chaldean chain
Ptolemy placed Earth at the center of the universe, with the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn circling our planet. In AD 321 the nundinal cycle was abandoned and Constantine introduced the seven day's week, in which the Chaldean set of planets were to be used to define the days of the week: Sun (Sunday) Moon (Monday) - Mars (Tuesday) - Mercury (Wednesday) - Jupiter (Thursday) - Venus (Friday) - Saturn (Saturday). In English these days of the weeks must be written in capital letters, probably for their religious origins (?). Capital letters for the days of the weeks are uncommon in other languages.

Sidereal cycles
The sidereal cycles of the Chaldean planets56 are57: Planet Moon Mercury Venus Sun Mars Jupiter Saturn Sidereal Cycle 29.5 days 88 days 224.7 days 365.25 days 687.1 days 12 years 29.5 years

Ordering the planets according to their sidereal cycle results in: Moon, Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn. The vowel assignments seem to have been arranged in the order of the sidereal cycle, starting with the moon (A), centering at the sun (I) and ending in Saturn (), in short AI or in Latin AIU: Moon = A, Mercury = E, Venus = H, Sun = I, Mars = O, Jupiter = Y and Saturn = . The Romans may have used the same vocals with a reduced set of vowel-symbols (AEIOU). Moon = A, Mercury = E, Venus = AE, Sun = I, Mars = O, Jupiter = U and Saturn = OU.

56 Visible with an unarmed eye 57 A-: Greek Vowels and the Chaldean Planets

Categorizing the planets in the second century CE

The following categorization of the planets has been documented in Tetrabiblos by Claudius Ptolemy, the second century CE author. The definitions may have deviated considerably in archaic eras.
Good & Evil

Two of the planets, on account of their temperate quality, and because heat and moisture are predominant in them, are considered by the ancients as benefic, or causers of good: these are Jupiter and Venus. And the Moon also is so considered for the same reasons. But Saturn and Mars are esteemed of a contrary nature, and malefic, or causers of evil: the first from his excess of cold, the other from his excess of dryness. The Sun and Mercury are deemed of common influence, and productive either of good or evil in unison with whatever planets they may be connected with58. According to Catholic Encyclopedia: Astrology - New Advent the planets are divided into: Jupiter (fortuna major) and Venus (fortuna minor) are good planets; Saturn (infortuna major) and Mars (infortuna minor) are malignant planets. The sun, moon, and Mercury have a mixed character.

Gender

There are two primary sexes, male and female; and the female sex partakes chiefly of moisture. The Moon59 and Venus are therefore said to be feminine, since their qualities are principally moist. The Sun60, Saturn, Jupiter(??)61, and Mars are called masculine. Mercury is common to both genders (androgynous)62. According to Catholic Encyclopedia: Astrology - New Advent the planets are divided into: The sun, Jupiter and Mars are masculine; the moon and Venus are feminine, Mercury is androgynous.

Day and Night

The day and the night are the visible divisions of time. The day, in its heat and its aptitude for action, is masculine:--the night, in its moisture and its appropriation to rest, feminine. Hence, again, the Moon and Venus are esteemed to be nocturnal; the Sun and Jupiter, diurnal; and Mercury, common; since in his matutine position he is diurnal, but nocturnal when vespertine. Of the other two planets, Saturn and Mars, which are noxious, one is considered to be diurnal, and the other nocturnal63.
58 Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos - Chapter V. Benefics and Malefics - tr. J.M. Ashmand [1822] 59 A male sun and female moon is only valid for Roman philosophy. In German language. German language uses a female sun and male moon. 60 A male sun and female moon is only valid for Roman philosophy. In German language. German language uses a female sun and male moon. 61 Jupiter may have been considered as androgynous as well (The City of God, Books IVII (The Fathers of the Church, Volume 8): Jupiter, who is called both 'Father and Mother' as being responsible for ... 62 Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos - Chapter VI. Masculine and Feminine 63 Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos - Chapter VII. Diurnal and Nocturnal

According to Catholic Encyclopedia: Astrology - New Advent the planets are divided into: day-stars (Saturn, Jupiter and the sun) and night-stars (the moon, Mars and Venus); Mercury belongs both to day and night.

Saturn
Saturn has been known since prehistoric times. In ancient times, it was the most distant of the five known planets in the solar system (excluding Earth) and thus a major character in various mythologies. The devouring of his children may have been an allegory for the passing of divine generations. His son was Jupiter (Zeus) and his grandson Mars the only matrimonial heir for divine power. Saturn therefore represented the archaic planetary god in the triad Moon, Sun and Saturn.

Timaeus
Having proceeded so far I decided to invest some time in the relations between musical tones and the seven planets, which seemed to be the most complex of all universal harmonic relations. I knew musical harmony had been studied for centuries, in which the music itself had been perfected, but the system lost its original relation to the cosmic correlations. I searched for the basic document with philosophical fundamentals and found some in Platon's Timaeus, in which the harmonics of the planetary system have been documented. In the following basic quotation Plato categorizes the seven visible planets in two subsets: 3 elements with equal swiftness with the sun, but in opposite directions and 4 elements with unequal swiftness, but in due proportion. And he gave dominion to the motion of the same and like, for that he left single and undivided; but the inner motion he divided in six places and made seven unequal circles having their intervals in ratios of two-and three, three of each, and bade the orbits proceed in a direction opposite to one another; and three [Sun, Mercury, Venus] he made to move with equal swiftness, and the remaining four [Moon, Saturn, Mars, Jupiter]64 to move with unequal swiftness to the three and to one another, but in due proportion.65 This is a strange arrangement, in which a triad [ Sun, Mercury, Venus] is opposed to the harmonic oscillating planetary system [Moon, Saturn, Mars, Jupiter]. Obviously Plato considered a triad of synchronized orbits as synchronous in parallel to the other four vibrating elements. To clarify this orbital system it seems to be advantageous to use representative the well-known vowel symbols to illustrate the five distinct vibrations of the system. Now for the purpose of categorizing the swiftness the sun (I), Mercury (E) and Venus (H) may be represented by one dominating element (the sun) with a standard swiftness (velocity). The other 4 autonomously oscillating elements are the moon (A), Saturn (), Mars (O), Jupiter (Y). I decided to leave the listed arrangement of the planets [ Moon, Saturn, Mars, Jupiter] intact to illustrate the vowel-sequence A, , O, Y as it develops to build up a divine name. Of course the only element we may need is a leading I. Now the 4 autonomously oscillating elements (A, , O, Y) are vibrating in harmony to the triad (I, E, H), represented by the dominating sun (I). This results in a 5-element vibrating system (represented by the vowels I, A, , O, Y). Obviously the Greeks may have ignored two of the planets, because the basic harmonic system only consisted of 5 frequencies and the planets Mercury (E) and the Venus (H) had to be considered as synchronous to the sun (I). Now the first five characters of (Jehova) represent the 5-element vibrating system (I, A, , O, Y) and the 2 trailing elements are representatives of an androgynous partner Mercury (E) and a female partner Venus (H), which are synchronous with the sun (I). Plato's Timaeus reduces the seven planet-oscillator (Jehova) to a basically simpler five swiftness-system IAOY, which may be represented by 5 basic vowels. The other 2 planets (and vowels E respectively H) are additional elements, which didn't play a substantial role in the fundamental laws of harmony.

64 These Planet-names in brackets have been inserted by the translator Benjamin Jowett , who also ordered the names. 65 Wikisource: Timaeus by Plato, translated by Benjamin Jowett

Reduction of the hierarchical planetary Concept

Ares66 (Mars), Hermes67 (Mercury) and probably Aphrodite68 (Venus) have been documented as children of Zeus (Jupiter). Apart from the Sun and Moon the Chaldean planetary concept arranged the divinities as follows in three hierarchical levels: 1. Saturn (Kronos) 2. Jupiter (Zeus) 3. Mars (Ares) Mercury (Hermes) Venus (Aphrodite) The (male) sun-god Helios, the (female) moon-god Selene and the Aurora (Eos) were the offspring of Hyperion and Theia, Now Mercury (Hermes) and Venus (Aphrodite) both are illegal children of Jupiter (Zeus). The legal pedigree therefore may be reduced to: 1. Saturn (Kronos) 2. Jupiter (Zeus) 3. Mars (Ares) Timaeus may explain how the Greeks illustrated the insignificance of the planets Mercury (Hermes) and Venus (Aphrodite) by their illegal positions in the pedigree Saturn (Kronos) Jupiter (Zeus) Mars (Ares). Harran's seven planets therefore cannot be considered as equal partners. The sun had been accompanied by two illegal children (Mercury and Venus) to meet four other planets (Moon, Saturn, Mars, Jupiter) in their special universal orbits. According to the legends Mars and Jupiter had to be considered as the children of the ancestor god Saturn (Kronos). The vital elements in the universe's harmony are the Sun, the Moon, Saturn (Kronos), Jupiter (Zeus) and Mars (Ares), in that order represented by , which initially before the birth of Zeus seems be have been originated as the Trigrammaton . This may explain how the mythological legends have been designed to illustrate the cosmic harmony. A valid pedigree describes the hierarchical order of harmony, whereas additional elements are considered as illegal children. Basically however all elements must be explained: the vital and the additional parts of the system. The followed path illustrates how the sevenfold hierarchy might be reduced from to the (the ultimate Trigrammaton IHV).

66 According to Hesiod Ares had been documented as a matrimonial son of Zeus and Hera. Hera and Zeus have three legal children, but only Ares belongs to the divine category. 67 Hermes is an illegal son of Zeus with a Nymph named Maria. 68 According to Homer Aphrodite is a daughter of Zeus and Dione (and therefore an illegal offspring). She also had two illegal children with Ares.

Summary
The Sabians may have created the principal foundations for our religions of the Books, for the names of our gods, for the ego-pronouns and the basics for vowel symbolism in our languages. As the worshipers of the planets they defined the planetary system, resulting in the modern seven days of the weeks. The seven vowels AEHIOY represented seven planets. The Romans however used a subset (AEIOU) of these Greek vowels, probably by a multiple usage of the vowels O and E for short & long vocals. The most significant vocal symbol seems to have been the I for its prominent position in divine names. The vowel combinations IOU and IEU have been used for the divine names (Diou, respectively Dieu) as well as for the ego-pronouns IOU and IEU. IOU-piter had been understood as the I-father, the father of the I, my father or Our Father, in case we are to consider each man as the androgynous couple of a male and a female individual in the shape God created the matrimonial prototype of his own image. The color symbolism for flags and paintings also may have been defined in Harran. Common wisdom of the planetary symbols (a red Mars and a blue Venus) allowed the biblical authors to define red and blue in Exodus 25:4 (and numerous other biblical references) without any further explanations. Harran's seven planets however cannot be considered as equal partners. According to Timaeus the sun had been accompanied by two illegal children (an androgynous Mercury and a female Venus) to meet four other planets (Moon, Saturn, Mars, Jupiter) in their special universal orbits. Plato's Timaeus reduces the seven planetary orrery (Jehova69) to a basically simpler five swiftness-system IAOY, which may be represented by 5 basic vowels. The other 2 planets (Mercury and Venus, represented by the vowels E respectively H) are additional elements, which didn't play a substantial role in the fundamental laws of harmony. This subordinate role may also explain why the Greeks illustrated the insignificance of the planets Mercury (Hermes) and Venus (Aphrodite) by their illegal positions in the pedigree Saturn (Kronos) Jupiter (Zeus) Mars (Ares). The vital elements in the universe's harmony are the Sun, the Moon, Saturn (Kronos), Jupiter (Zeus) and Mars (Ares), in that order represented by , which initially before the birth of Zeus seems be have been originated as the Trigrammaton . This may explain how the mythological legends have been designed to illustrate the cosmic harmony. A valid pedigree describes the hierarchical order of harmony, whereas additional elements are considered as illegal children. Basically however all elements must be explained: the vital and the additional parts of the system. The followed path illustrates how the sevenfold hierarchy might be reduced from a complex to the simplified Trigrammaton .

69 In the Jewish-Egyptian magic-papyri it appears as . (source: NAMES OF GOD - JewishEncyclopedia)

Contents
Introduction..........................................................................................................................................1 The Sabians of Harran..........................................................................................................................2 Harran .............................................................................................................................................2 Seven....................................................................................................................................................3 Reconstruction of the Sin-Temple (553/552 BCE)...............................................................................4 Ibn Shaddad (1234 AD) ......................................................................................................................5 Vowel assignments ..........................................................................................................................6 Reduction from seven to three vowels.............................................................................................6 A hierarchical planetary Concept.....................................................................................................7 The Emerald Tablet of Thoth...........................................................................................................7 A and of the planetary concept....................................................................................................7 The Turkish sky-god Tengri.................................................................................................................9 The vowels in the Hebrew JHVH and the Semite first personal pronoun.......................................9 Venus-symbol as an eight-pointed star, or a seven-pointed star (?)..............................................10 IA, IAO oder IAU............................................................................................................................11 Vowels................................................................................................................................................12 Reduction from seven to five vowels............................................................................................12 Ego-Pronouns.....................................................................................................................................13 The archaic (or fundamental) vowels I, A, U.....................................................................................14 Frontal (I) and backward (U) located Vowels................................................................................15 The seven vowels word (Jehova).........................................................................................16 Jupiter (Vowels O and U)...............................................................................................................16 Zeus, Dieu, Merkur (Vowel E).......................................................................................................16 Chur...............................................................................................................................................17 The Slavic people (Vowel A).........................................................................................................17 The Germanic and Viking regions (Vowels I, resp. E and ).......................................................17 Recursion............................................................................................................................................18 The Chaldean planets.........................................................................................................................19 The Chaldean chain.......................................................................................................................19 Sidereal cycles...............................................................................................................................19 Categorizing the planets in the second century CE.......................................................................20 Good & Evil..............................................................................................................................20 Gender.......................................................................................................................................20 Day and Night...........................................................................................................................20 Saturn.............................................................................................................................................21 Timaeus...............................................................................................................................................22 Reduction of the hierarchical planetary Concept...........................................................................23 Summary.............................................................................................................................................24