3.

8 Studying the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on plant cells Problem statement: What are the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on plant cells? Hypothesis: Hypotonic solution causes the cell to become swells and turgid, hypertonic solution causes the cell become shrink and plasmolyse while isotonic solution causes the cell has no change. Variables: Manipulative variable Types of solution Responding variable Shape of the cell Constant variable Types of cell Materials and apparatus: An onion bulb, 0.15 M and 0.50 M sodium chloride solutions, distilled water, filter paper, microscope slides, cover slips, a pair of forceps, mounting needle and a light microscope. Procedures: 1. Prepare four slides and label them A, B, C and D. (P1) 2. Peel off an epidermal layer (skin) from the inner surface of an onion scale leaf using a pair of forceps. (P1) 3. Mount the epidermis in a drop of distilled water on slide A. Lower a cover slip slowly to avoid air bubbles from being trapped under the cover slip. (P1, P5) 4. Examine the slide under a light microscope. Draw and label the epidermal. (P3) 5. Place a drop of 0.15 M sodium chloride solution at one side of the cover slip. Allow the solution to spread beneath the cover slip by placing filter paper on the other side of the cover slip. This is slide B. (P1, P2, P5) 6. Observe the epidermal cells under the microscope. Draw and label the epidermal cells. (P3) 7. Repeat steps 2 to 6 by substituting 0.5 M sucrose solution with 1.0 M sucrose solution. This is slide C. (P4) 8. Transfer the epidermal cells that were soaked in 1.0 M sucrose solution into a drop of distilled water. This is slide D. (P4) 9. Observe the epidermal cell under the microscope. Draw and label the epidermal cells. (P3)

Imelda anak Nyaun/S.M.K. Serian

Results: Slide Types of solution Shape of plant cells

Plant cells in distilled water

Plant cells in 0.5 M sucrose solution

Plant cells in 1.0 M sucrose solution

Plant cells that are transferred from the 1.0 M sucrose solution into distilled water

Imelda anak Nyaun/S.M.K. Serian

Imelda anak Nyaun/S.M.K. Serian