Central Dogma

DNA structure

h components of DNA

double stranded DNA has two strands A phosphate-deoxyribose polymer composes the backbone of the DNA adjacent sugars are connected by phosphodiester bonds nitrogenous bases are convalently bonded to the 1' carbon of the deoxyribose the two DNA strands are antiparallel the two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases adenine hydrogen bonds (base pairs) to thymine guanine hydrogen bonds to cytosine

When DNA replicates two idential DNA double helices are formed

sister chromatids

Chromosomes in mitosis
homologus chromosomes and sister chromatids

anaphase centromere splits and homologus chromosomes go to opposite poles of cell

RNA structure

Central dogma

the information of DNA is coded into the sequence of bases of the DNA strands

three consecutive bases can be one code word all combinations of three consecutive basis make up the genetic code the messenger RNA has a sequence of bases that is complmentary to one to the strands of DNA the
FIRAS AHMED