ME 307 Machine Design I

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Mechanical Engineering Department

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 1

ME 307 Machine Design I

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 2

ME 307 Machine Design I

3-4 Hardness

Hardness The resistance of a material metal to penetration by a pointed tool is called Hardness. It is the property of a metal, which gives it the ability to resist being

permanently, deformed (bent, broken, or have its shape

changed), when a load is applied. The greater the hardness of the metal, the greater resistance it has to deformation.
Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

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ME 307 Machine Design I

3-4 Hardness

Hardness Measurement Methods Rockwell hardness test Brinell hardness Vickers Knoop hardness Shore

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 4

ME 307 Machine Design I

3-4 Hardness

Rockwell Hardness Test

The Rockwell Hardness test is a hardness measurement
based on the net increase in depth of impression as a load is applied. Hardness numbers have no units and are commonly given in the R, L, M, E and K scales. The higher the number in each of the scales means the harder the

material.

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 5

ME 307 Machine Design I

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 6

ME 307 Machine Design I

Brinell Hardness Test

Brinell hardness is determined by forcing a hard steel or carbide sphere of a specified diameter under a specified load into the surface of a material and measuring the diameter of the indentation left after the test. The Brinell hardness number, or simply the Brinell number, is obtained by dividing the load used, in kilograms, by the actual surface area of the indentation, in square millimeters. The result is a pressure measurement, but the units are rarely stated.
Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading CH-07 LEC 27 Slide 7

ME 307 Machine Design I

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 8

ME 307 Machine Design I

For steels
The relationship between the minimum ultimate strength and the

Brinell harness number for

200 H B 450

is

0.495 H B kpsi Su 3.41H B MPa

Cast Iron
The minimum strength, as defined by the ASTM, is found to be

0.238H B 12.5kpsi Su 1.58 H B 86 MPa

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading CH-07 LEC 27 Slide 9

ME 307 Machine Design I

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 10

ME 307 Machine Design I

Solved Problems

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 11

ME 307 Machine Design I

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 12

ME 307 Machine Design I

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 13

ME 307 Machine Design I

Example 7-15 (Textbook)

Solution

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 14

ME 307 Machine Design I

Dr. A. Aziz Bazoune

Chapter 7: Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading

CH-07

LEC 27

Slide 15