Sie sind auf Seite 1von 12



 

     
  
         
       
   !"
!"  #$%&'


 
   
     
    

   


  
    


 
 !
         
!     
  
  "### $%&''(  
     !   
  ( 

)    


* & ( 

    
  
   !
   


  
 
 (   !
+
 !  

 
  )    
!
! 
% %&  % &  
  (

 ! 
 
  ,#- 
      

!
 !   (  

      
!            
 


  
   
   
         


       !
      
!  !   



.
 (
  


    

  
  !     "### $%&''(



 

 "### $%&'' 


        
) /01   
( 2    

  

   

 
 

 3
! 2  
)
   
( 
  
      
 (  
(  
!   
 
)  $%&''

  +
     
 
  45    !

!
   
   
  

 
 
 &*&*$6 78 
 (
  "### $%&''( 
   

 !  9
 
      6 6
'' (
 
     '
& ( (   
 ' (    !
  
! 2
  (
     )
! ,:
 
 
      
  ''   , )     !           )
!
     
   ''
6 6 (      !    
   
)
!    
  
(
        
      


 ;       

 




 3
 )   
  


   #
     

  
    8   

  !
 
  $%&''(      (

 
    : 

(


 !   2      
! 
  !   
 ( (
*<=  '' (  
        
   (    !
  (  

45  
      +     (

  
    
  
  
!  '  >=  
 (     "
  !   
 ( 

   6 (

   ! 0? 
 


 
!  % 6  * 6 (


0?   
 
     
!    (
  
  
   (  (  

 
 
 !  

   +    (    
  
    
  
  

 
   
  (   
9   
     (

 

 #9 
   


 
 

  


  & * 78 
 @

        
 
!  '%  <%
    
     

 
        !

 
   
  
 9       A
)
/ )  


  

 
!   +    


 
9   

    
!  *>  6<
&&  >'
     "
!
        
    ( 
 
   
 
  

      

 .  
 
 
  
      
   9   ( ( !
   

   

!
   
   !
 (
 
  
 (
!   
 

 

(
       9     !  
    
!

(

 2 
  

 
 


    
     
  

    !
            
   
   !
 (  
   
        
    !
      (     
 

  
      !
     (   
 B             

(
  
      (   
 ) 
 !       
(
  (      
  ( /
      ! 
(
  
   
(

  ( 
 
!   8   
  (



     !
 
     
!       
  (
  
 
  
 !

"
      
  "### $%&''(    9 

    9 
    


 

 "
  
&  
   


      

    
>   (

 

            

  

       
   
*     
  
   

   
6

    

   



  

  

 
  $%&''(       
!     ( (    

   
   (    
         
)  (  
 
  
/
 (  
0
9 (        0 
  
)
  


      
(        (    
  

     
!
   #
 ! '%% ( (
  
    
   ( 
      3
    
  0       
!
 !  9   66 >* C     
      
  
   
(      

B ! '  
 
(    
!  



   ?
      
   ) 
 
( )             (     
!     9   0  

   '>     
    0?   
 0  
    &*    
(     (    (
  )
 +! (   0  

  
 !
    >< D      

   


  !      
     ! 
 
     
    !   (      
 


  & 6     
  

 ( )     !  D6   

 
     
) 

     9 


!        

   !
 
! 
! (   
     
  
 !
 
B    
  .   !
  (
 
 
 

! 9  
6%% (        
+!  
    )   9    (   
3    #

      '6%% (   )        
  
  
 
!         
  
      
  
 
  

 
   
 #E
)
 !

:
(  )  8
   
  8 
)   )

  



C (3,33,2.5)

34 Ft
X

A (24, 15, 2.5)

B (45,14,2.5)
Base Station
(24,2,6.5)
55 Ft

  
            

 

8 
! 
)     
!   
 

 

!     
(     
)
     

 (        


 
 !
 


!  !
 
     1-  
 
   
) 
 
  
     !   





! 
!   

           


B ! '  


 
 !
 
  )
       9    
   !  !    


(       
 
* & ( 4   
  

 )   
   
 (  (  !   



  

  
!" # $ ""

 


   
  (
 
!     +   
  (


  
   
   
:        
(  ! ( (    

 
   


        
 

  
B ! &   !

 
      


  
 
.
  
     
) "


 
!



       (  
   
 
  

     
   
 
    
     
 
     <  '% ,  
    (    ( 
 
   


B ! &(  9     
     
   
  
 (    ( 

  
  
B ! &    (     


!    

   (
.
 (
    
!
 " 
 (

!   
! 2  (
 


  
 0  
 +    
  
( 
 +   4  (      
( 

!!  
   

  2 
  
  
,
  
!  !
     
  
8   


 ( 

    
   !
   ( 
   
B ! >  
    2

 


      !
     6  $ (  
  !
    
(  B ! >  
  
 
     !
      
    
 
         
   
   

        !  

 !

    
,
     
 (  
   
      
  
  
     !     ,  

 
! 2    (  

 
, 
  "

  ! 
  !  


            
  !

   
   !!    
   (
2  


 
.
 (  2 

 (  ( 

     
 B 
 
 !
   
   
! 1   
( 
( 
   1-    
  (    
!  &%  *% , 
  

         
  
 
!  >6  66 , 
  
     9

   
   
 
!     !
   
 B  
     
  
      6  D6    
   
!


0.16

Loc. A
Loc. B
Loc. C

0.2
Pr[NR = x ]

0.12
Pr[NL = x ]

0.25

Loc. A
Loc. B
Loc. C

0.14

0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04

0.15
0.1
0.05

0.02
0
-98

-96

-94

-92

-90

-88

-86

-84

0
-102

-82

-101

-100

-99

-98

x (dBm)

-97

-96

-95

-94

-93

x (dBm)

 

(

                  


0.4

0.3

0.35

0.25
0.2
0.15

0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15

0.1

0.1

0.05

0.05

0
-70

-65

-60

-55

-50

-45

Loc. A
Loc. B
Loc. C

0.4

Pr[SR = x]

Pr[SL = x ]

0.45

Loc. A
Loc. B
Loc. C

0.35

0
-70

-40

-65

x (dBm)

 

-60

(

-55

-50

-45

x (dBm)


               

  !  


  
 

B ! *    9     ! 1-  
 (

  8
  9    !      
       


!  
   
1-     !  2
   
       
      9 

  )   F9F
  (     
!  
 
   
(   !   
 9  1-    
 '%  (  9    
      
  

    (
  
   ! 
+ !   
  1-    


( 
  '       9

 G & $6         
 9 

!  &*  >% 
  
 




%  &!'

  


 2      
 
    

 


     
   !
 
! 

(
(

 

     
    
   )     )
 !    )  
:

(     



( 
9 9         

 
  
 
      !
            
     (


  
  !

     : "  :H 
    
!     

! 

  8    
  )  
   "
    
       

  : 
 )         "
        
     
  :     (   
   
(    
!     9 

45

Experimental
Model

40

SNR (dB)

35
30
25
20
15
20

30
Distance (ft)

40

50

60

70

    
   

 

/01 
 

 
!  
.
 (   ! 


 9 

   :          





!     


  


 
 

  

   

 (      

  (
     
45      


 9 
  !  ) 

      )    ( 
 + ( 
  


   ! "

   
       
     
   )    
  
    

   !
   
     )        
(     

  
 

( /

(     
 

   ( 
  


      )
( 
    
! 9 

  
   
   (     (           "
   

   
  
 9        ( )2

  
      

9      
    
 
"
       )    +    
   )    
 ) -

   )  
 + (      

  !    
!  )  
   !    
 (
  +  
  (
!     
 )    !

  9 

  
 !   ) 
  

  
  

 ( '
0  
!
!

*%C>
,
*'$

*'$
     


-
  
 =
 9 

%%'D %%%&
%'>% %%6C
%&>6 %&%%

  
 =
 9 

%%'D %%%&
%%D< %%>>
%%C< %%D

  !          

  
(  
  

  
  (   0?   
 
( 
  

   !
    
,   (  !     ) 
  
   (
  B  (  
  

    
  ,
   (    8  !   

( 


  )   
 (
 9 
   (  (     
 (
 
     
 : 
  
(  ( 
    
 "
 2  


   
 (
   
 )  

      3 
   8    (

 2     
( (   "

   / 01   
    '66=     
'*%% (    
   $6  
 - 
!
   8  >%%         (   (    9
   !  
!  

70

70

60

60

50

50

Sequence # x 108

Sequence # x 106

"
B ! 6   

(    
 
          
  
  
   
   
  
   )   ) (  
  (    
  
 + (  
! 
 +!   
 


 
 !     


     (  !!  
 
 ) 
         9     
! 
  
( )2 

  



       !
   



40
30
20

40
30
20

10

10

0
20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

20

40

60

80

time(secs)

100

120

140

160

time(secs)

 0 

(0 ,
70

Sequence # x 108

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
40

60

80

100

120 140
time(secs)

160

180

200

 0 
  

 "    !            

B
     


 
 

 
        9 
 
 
   )
        (  
 (    
  (


  
 
   (
  


8         !  
 

 !
  ( 

 
  ( &        !    
 
  )

  9  
 
   
( 



   
  

   
     

     

  !  

   
    )

      
  (
     
 
   ( 

 
     !

B ! D     

(         


  
!    ,

 

!  ! ( (  
    
          
 

      ,
 "
  
 
  
  
   !   
       + (   ( 

 


 

0  

 I

  



,


 I

( 



&C$  %%%C  &C$  %%%>  >6>6  6%>>C  >6>6  6%>D$ 


&D$  %'D  &D$  %'*D  &&<  '&>6  *>D  >* 
&C&  >$*  &C>  >6C  '>'  ''> 
&6&  $$ 
     
#     
1
0.1

loc A
loc B
loc C

0.1
0.01

0.01

Pr[ tiat > ]

Pr[ tiat > ]

loc A
loc B
loc C

0.001
0.0001

0.001
0.0001
1e-05

1e-05

1e-06

1e-06

1e-07
0

20

40

60

80

100 120 140 160 180 200

20

40

Time(milli sec)

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Time(milli sec)

 

(

    $     
 

% #     & &  & '

    (



  

  
 

B ! <  (     !
    

 
 
   !!   (      ( 



  
     
     
, ?
  
   
         (  (   

     (
 
    
(  
 (  
      
  


  !


    "

9   


      (    
     

  

         
 
+!  

 

    
 !       

 
 
      
( 


      8  
    


 

1

loc B
loc C

0.1

Pr[ tiat > ]

Pr[ tiat > ]

0.01

loc B
loc C

0.1

0.01

0.001

0.001
0

10 12
Time(secs)

 

14

16

18

20

10

15

20

25

Time(secs)

(

    $     
 
#                

%
 (

  

         


  
!  
  
 
!     !
"
  !        
    ( 
     
! 
!

  
  

         !  
     
  
 !

+   

   . 
! (
   
!    
 (  
 

  G ' & > 
   
  
  
        
   
 
  
    ! 
(  
          

       9   

  !

 
 ! 
(           (   
 


    
    !        G       (
!   ! 
 
!
  9 
  !   
  ! 
(


  

G & &

 





J '

'

I     !   


   
9 G % % % 
       

  
    !
  
 
 
(   (
   48  



K

K 


   

 G

  

'




&

      !


 G 
   
 B  
    

   48     
.  

 


 !  ! 

  

  
    G   

>

  G ' & > 


  

     B       .    

!    !   
!    
       
  

    ( 

  ) (    
"

!  
        !







G



   




*



  
( 
# &     48

 
 

 
# & .    
     
       
   + !
  (   !   "   
   )   !
   (  


 (       
 
  !
 4   .  
      !
 (

! (  !
     
    !
  !

    
  
  
 

# &
( (
 (  
!   
  

   G    
      
! 
    4
 


 


 (
  
  !   G    - 
!  48
     
+    

     +      
  


"



"

G

  

"

 

   





L 

   
J >      
 '  J


 

6

    G  
      M
L 
  +
 
        
 
 
H !

 
 
     (               
   (

 8
    
    
       
 
  66 >* C 


!  
 !       
 

      
I &* & D 6

     

         
  
   
    G ' % %    
 
      

      
   G > %   
!
   

 ( G % '
   ( (
"-   (
  +     "-  (

 
& * 78
(
   *% 8 B   
  
 
    

     + 



 
   
  

  
 "-
 "-     !           
 I &* '6 & 6 I > >> & 6

I *6 '* & 6   
B ! $   
 

   0? 

 "
 (

 
  0?  !
       (
"- ( (
  +
! B     

 
! 
   9  9
   
   9  
!  N O 
 0? 
 

  8
  9  
    

   % '
  0?    

  
G '>$ &*C >$&
        9   &6 '*
'' 
      !
 
+!       (  
2 
 


 
       
 
  
  
      
   9 
(          

 9  
    +   "-
( 
! 
  ! 
     


2 !   
 !            +
 
  .  
 
2 !  
       "-

   

 
   !
( 
 !   .  
    

 
 
 !          0?
 !

      
 
 (   0? "

     
!  
        (      !

 
 )   
   
  
0?  !
        9      . 
!    
! 
!  

      
  "-  

 

.

!  
         !

  )             9 


9   

#

"

$  

  

  

)  
   
  ( (



 
    
 
.
  

 
 

B ! $   ( 9 


    
  
!   
8
)
!    9 
     
  

    G     (    
      G         
  
  C% C'
     !
   G 
         I '
     
!  
   

  
 
!  
!    !
  
    G 
    
 
  I ' G '     
     
!   
!  
  
 
 "
    
 , ) 
  
! G ''     
!

!  (    
G    
! !
   ( (

  
  
   !
 
 G 
D


&

&

 

'

$ 

   !
  ,:        
  (
   !

 G



(

    

<


    

      

  
 (     
 



 G
$
   


0.002

Loc. A

0.004

0.001

0.001
0.0005
h[n]

0
-0.0005

-0.002
-0.004
500

1000

 0 I

1500

2000

-0.001

-0.001

-0.0015

-0.0015

2500

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0.002

Loc. B

h[n]

0.001
0.0005

h[n]

0.001
0.0005
0

-0.004
1000

1500

2000

Loc. C

0
-0.0005

-0.001

-0.001

-0.0015

-0.0015

-0.002

-0.002

2500

2500

0.0015

-0.0005
-0.002

2000

  0 

0.002

1500
n

0.0015

 0 

1000

(0 ,
Loc. A

500

500

0.002
h[n]

-0.002
0

0.004

0
-0.0005

-0.002
0

Loc. C

0.0015

0.0005
h[n]

0.002
h[n]

0.002

Loc. B

0.0015

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 ,
 0 
          
       (    !!   $  

!!



 
!   (       
     !
  ! 



 G
!


   

 (    

  

       

 

C

  G   
  

    7 

      
      
 
/;8 
     
    + (        (    

 
! 
+  !
  
 
,

 G

 

     




  



J 

'%

   
  +
 
       (
    

8  
           
    !
   0?    
  + -
!      ( 
9 G


!  G %
 G %   (    (  
  
.

   %

+



 

   

''

           



 
     

# '' 
 
 


      

         (  

 (

 
B ! C       (     ,#-  
 
 
  1-       
  (
# '' 4     

8   0?  
 
  
 
 

!
     !
  ,#-       8    
!   
   

    
!     ! 
 (
! 9   '  > ,     !
  "
 

 

 

 
!
         )
!  0?  !
 "
     
  (   8   !
   
 "
  
     
 
 (
  9  


1.0e-01

AWGN only
A: LOS
B: LOS
C:LOS

BER

1.0e-02
1.0e-03
1.0e-04
1.0e-05
1.0e-06
0

10

12

SNR (dB)

  )*    (     

   (

! - )      
 
! 
      !
 "      "    9  )


        
  

8   (
 
 
 
  8        (     
  9 
      
(   
    
 
,     
( 
(  
!       
  
        
      
     

  
!  
 (  !
+

      (

!  ( 2   B ! '%   
  
- )   
10?   
 
,    1-  (
  ( >  * ,    
,  

   <  $ ,  !
   
   (  0?   



1.0e-01

1.0e-01
Loc. A: NLOS with Rake 1&2

1.0e-02
BER

BER

1.0e-02
1.0e-03
1.0e-04

Loc. A : LOS

Loc. B : NLOS Rake: 1 branch

1.0e-03
1.0e-04

1.0e-05

Loc. B : LOS
Loc. B : NLOS Rake: 2 branch

1.0e-05

1.0e-06

1.0e-06
0

 

6
SNR (dB)

10

12

10

(

15
SNR (dB)

  )*    (     %  

20

25

30

* 
 


 
  "### $%&''(   01    
! '' (   


 
 


   (

8 
!   


 
 !
   
   !
 !   
 ( 
* & (
!
 


  (       
 
     
    ) 
  
 
 )   
    


 
 
     
!
 

  
 "- 
 !  ( 


           "-    


   
  "-H  
  

     
      
 !  
 2
   

  
 

   
!        

 

 (
           

       
     (

!   


+
 ,


  )   
  ( 1B !
 1"C<>*6$6
3#%'&>%CC




' "  $%'''


                !"
 #  &%%'
& ,  " / P P @ : 
  ) Q" $%&''     
) F
  
$% ( 'CC<
>  : 

7 (
Q! 
    
  
!  &*
6 !8 F
&&


      '
    (   
( )***
 'C%R'C6  &%%%
* 7 S

7 8 Q 
  
    
F
 +
 ,- *>CR**D    'CCC
6 0 
8  7  @  - !
  

Q?  8
!

 .   $%&''(
    
)I  



! 9 (  
     
F

+ $+  D%RD<  ( &%%'
D     

? 5 Q! 
  
       
 F

 +
 .  ,-/  6*&R6*C  ( 'CC>
<  -      
 4  'CCD
$   7@ @


-   Q/ (

 

  

(
   

      

  &* *<6


''6 !8 F
 0 + +  '&<&R'&$$ ?  'CCD
C 4 A
)
 / ) Q   

    


    &* !8  (
F

 + 1-
 2+ 0 + +  'C%R'C> 'CCC
'%  :  4 ,

 
Q  !  
      &* !8
  ( 
! F

0 + 2+ 0 +
 6<CR6C& ! 'CCD
'' 7 
Q"
   
   
     

    
 (
!  
  F  +  
  >&$R>6&    'C$%
'& , 1 7 1!
-4: 8
  
 

Q  (      
!  


 (   F
 +      6C<RD%*   'CCD
'>   Q !  
  
  !  F +  +     DD6R<>D 'C%C
'* T 0

# 

Q#9   !        (   I  
 !
  F
 0 +  +  + &  '&DR'>> 'C$*
'6 T 0

# 

Q#9   !        (   I  
   F
 0 +  +  + $  $*'R$*< 'C$*
'D        

: 
 Q

   
   
  
F

 +

+ +  /.   3   *$R6>   &%%'
'< @  
 $ 0  7 4  'C*'

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen