Introduction to Fluid Mechanics

Chapter 3 Fluid Statics

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Main Topics
The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics Pressure Variation in a Static Fluid Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces Buoyancy
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The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics

Body Force

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The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics

Surface Force

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The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics

Surface Force

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The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics

Surface Force

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The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics

Total Force

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The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics

Newtons Second Law

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The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics

Pressure-Height Relation

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Pressure Variation in a Static Fluid

Incompressible Fluid: Manometers

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Pressure Variation in a Static Fluid

Compressible Fluid: Ideal Gas

Need additional information, e.g., T(z) for atmosphere

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Plane Submerged Surface

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Plane Submerged Surface

We can find FR, and y and x, by integrating, or

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Plane Submerged Surface
Algebraic Equations Total Pressure Force

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Plane Submerged Surface
Algebraic Equations Net Pressure Force

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Curved Submerged Surface

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Curved Submerged Surface
Horizontal Force = Equivalent Vertical Plane Force Vertical Force = Weight of Fluid Directly Above (+ Free Surface Pressure Force)

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Buoyancy

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Buoyancy

For example, for a hot air balloon (Example Problem 3.8):

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