Aug 12 2013 - BELL WORK

1) Name the items needed for this class. 2) What is the purpose of the composition notebook in our class? 3) When should you approach me for the make-up work if in case you had missed my class due to absence? 4) What is the website we use for our class? 5) What are the topics covered in this week? 6) Are the electronic items allowed in Mr. Krishnans Class? 7) What is the consequence of academic dishonesty? 8) What is to be written at the top-right corner of each sheet we transact? 9) What is the color assigned for your class Folder/3-ring binder? 10) What is the purpose of a composition notebook?
1

Chapter 1 Matter and Life 1.1 Elements and Symbols

What is Chemistry?

Transformation of matters at molecular level

How things are made

How to make things

How to make things

4

Chemistry Affects Everyday Life.

Cosmetics Fuels Pollution Food/Additives Metals/Corrosion Medicine
5

Risk/Benefits
Benefits of Chemical Compounds
Save lives through medicines Provide energy and building material in food Materials to make life easier.

Risks
Side effects of medicines Pollution from the use of chemicals Some are very toxic
6

Types of Chemicals
Natural
Plant sources Animal Sources Mineral Sources

Synthetic
Medicines Plastics Fibers
7

Matter
Stuff of which all materials are made; anything that has mass and takes up space.

Classification of Matter

Insert figure 2.9

Elements
Elements are pure substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary laboratory processes. Elements are the building blocks of matter. There are 113 elements known today.

gold

carbon

aluminum
10

Sources of Some Element Names

Gallium Germanium Scandium

11

Symbols of Elements
Every element has a symbol that represents its name. Symbols consist of 1 or 2 letters. Only the first letter in a symbol is capitalized. Examples: 1-Letter Symbols 2-Letter Symbols C carbon Co cobalt N nitrogen Ca calcium F fluorine Al aluminum O oxygen Mg magnesium
12

Symbols from Latin Names

Several symbols are derived from Latin names. Some examples are shown below:

copper, Cu (cuprum)

gold, Au (aurum)

iron, Fe (ferrum)

silver, Ag (argentum)
13

Elements in the Body

Carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen are the most abundant elements in the human body.

14

Physical Properties
The physical properties of an element are the characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance.
15

Periodic Table
The periodic table arranges elements according to similar properties.

16

Representative Elements
Several groups of representative elements are classified by name. Group 1A Alkali Metals Group 2A Alkaline Earth Metals Group 7A Halogens Group 8A Noble Gases

17

Periods on the Periodic Table

On the periodic table, each horizontal row is called a period. A period is identified by a number such as 1, 2, 3, or 4. Periods 4-7 include representative elements and transition elements.

18

Learning Check
Identify the element described by the following: A. Element in Group 7A, Period 4 1) Br 2) Cl 3) Mn B. Element in Group 2A, Period 3 1) beryllium 2) magnesium 3) boron

19

Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

20

Metals and Nonmetals

Metals Are located to the left of the heavy line. Are shiny, ductile, and good conductors. Metalloids Are elements along the heavy line. Have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Nonmetals Are located to the right of the heavy line. Are dull, brittle, poor conductors, and good insulators.
21

Learning Check
Identify each of the following elements as 1) metal 2) nonmetal 3) metalloid A. sodium metal ____ B. chlorine nonmetal ____ C. silicon metalloid ____ D. iron ____ metal E. carbon nonmetal ____
22