GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CONTENTS

1. ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................. 2. INTRODUTION...................................................................................................................... 3. NETWORK EVOLUTION...................................................................................................... 3.1Wired Technology............................................................................................................... 3.2 Wireless Technology.......................................................................................................... 3.3 Bluetooth............................................................................................................................ 3.4 WI-FI.................................................................................................................................. 3.5 WI-MAX............................................................................................................................ 3.6 Reasons For Opting GI-FI................................................................................................. 4. GI-FI........................................................................................................................................ 5. WORKING PRINCIPLE USED IN GI-FI............................................................................... 5.1 Time -Division Duplex....................................................................................................... 6. TECHONLOGIES USED ...................................................................................................... 6.1 Multiple Input Multiple Output......................................................................................... 6.2 System-On-A-Package....................................................................................................... 7. FREQUENCY OF OPERATION............................................................................................ 7.1 Operation At 60 GHz......................................................................................................... 7.2 Ultra Wide Band Frequency Usage.................................................................................... 8. FEATURES OF GI-FI............................................................................................................. 9. COMPARISIONS BETWEEN GI-FI & EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES.............................. 9.1 Blue Tooth VS WI-FI........................................................................................................ 9.2 Blue Tooth VS WI-FI & GI-FI..........................................................................................
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10.ADVANTAGES OF GI-FI..................................................................................................... 11.DISADVANTAGES OF GI-FI............................................................................................... 12.APPLICATIONS OF GI-FI.................................................................................................... 13.FUTURE SCOPE.................................................................................................................... 14.CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................... 15.REFERENCES........................................................................................................................

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ABSTRACT
Gi-Fi will helps to push wireless communications to faster drive. For many years cables ruled the world. Optical fibers played a dominant role for its higher bit rates and faster transmission. But the installation of cables caused a greater difficulty and thus led to wireless access. The foremost of this is Bluetooth which can cover 9-10mts. Wi-Fi followed it having coverage area of 91mts. No doubt, introduction of Wi-Fi wireless networks has proved a revolutionary solution to "last mile" problem. However, the standard's original limitations for data exchange rate and range, number of channels, high cost of the infrastructure have not yet made it possible for Wi-Fi to become a total threat to cellular networks on the one hand, and hardwire networks, on the other. But the man's continuous quest for even better technology despite the substantial advantages of present technologies led to the introduction of new, more up-todate standards for data exchange rate i.e., Gi-Fi. Gi-Fi or Gigabit Wireless is the world's first transceiver integrated on a single chip that operates at 60GHz on the CMOS process. It will allow wireless transfer of audio and video data up to 5gigabits per second, ten times the current maximum wireless transfer rate, at one-tenth of the cost, usually within a range of 10 meters. It utilizes a 5mm square chip and a 1mm wide antenna burning less than 2watts of power to transmit data wirelessly over short distances, much like Bluetooth. The development will enable the truly wireless office and home of the future. As the integrated transceiver is extremely small, it can be embedded into devices. The breakthrough will mean the networking of office and home equipment without wires will finally become a reality. In this we present a low cost, low power and high broadband chip, which will be vital in enabling the digital economy of the future.

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GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-2 INTRODUCTION

Wi-Fi (IEEE-802.11b) and Wi-Max (IEEE-802.16e) have captured our attention, as there are no recent developments in the above technologies which cannot transfer data and video information at a faster rate and led to the introduction of Gi-fi technology. It offers some advantages over Wi-Fi, a similar wireless technology, that offers faster information rate in Gbps less power consumption and low cost for short range transmissions. Gi-Fi or Gigabit Wireless is the world's first transceiver integrated on a single chip in which a small antenna used and both transmitter- receiver are integrated on a single chip which is fabricated using the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. Because of Gi-Fi transfer of large videos, files can be done within seconds. Researchers of Melbourne University has come up with a wireless technology which promises high speed short range data transfers with a speed of up to 5Gbps within a radius of 10 meters. The new wireless technology is named as Gi-Fi and operates on the 60GHz frequency band, which is currently mostly unused. The Gi-Fi Chip developed by the Australian researcher's measures 5mm square and is manufactured using existing complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, the same system that is currently used to print silicon chips. The best part about this new technology is its cost effectiveness and power consumption, it consumes only 2watts of power for its operation with antenna (1mm) included and the development of Gi-Fi chip costs approximately $10( Rs 380) to manufacture. In theory this technology would transfers GB's of your favorite high definition movies in seconds. So Gi-Fi can be considered as a challenger to Bluetooth rather than Wi-Fi and could find applications ranging from new mobile phones to consumer electronics.

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GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-3 NETWORK EVOLUTION

Communication technology can be divided into two types.1) wired technology and 2) wireless technology. The evolution of wireless technology will leads to the GI-FI technology. The following diagram will gives the network evolution.

Wired Technology

Wireless Technology

Wi-Fi

Bluetooth

Wi-Max

GI-FI

3.1 Wired Technology:

There are three types of wires that are used in wired communication. The first type is twisted-pair wire; second type is coaxial cables and third is optical fibre. 1) Twisted pair cable: This is a copper wire that connects people's computers to the telephone line. So called because two insulated copper wires are twisted around each other in order to reduce crosstalk or electromagnetic induction between pairs of wires.

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2) Coaxial cables: It including 2 physical channels. The inside channel carries information, surrounded by outer channel, both running along the same axis. Coaxial cables are mainly used for transmitting TV signals and for internet connection. Coaxial cables can carry relatively more information than twisted-pair wires due to coaxial cables suffering less interference. 3) Optical fibre: This has become one of the most advanced technologies for transmitting information. Optical fibre refers to the infrastructure and the technology associated with the information transfer as light impulses in a glass fibre. Optical fibres can carry much more information than ordinary copper wires and are less prone to interference.

3.2 Wireless Technology:

Wireless communication means transmitting signals and data without cables using electromagnetic waves. The principles of wireless communication are that signals are amplified first, then they are emitted by the emitting terminal, finally they are received by the received terminal and the data can be accessed. Wireless communication also has many types including Bluetooth, mobile communications and Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity). Bluetooth technology appeared in 1994, establishing a common short-distance wireless interface between fixed devices and mobile devices in order that all devices can easily intercommunicate without wires or cables. Wireless communication is less complex, less expensive but more convenient than wired communication; however, due to the transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves, wireless communication is more vulnerable to interference. Therefore, wired communication has higher quality signals and more capacity than wireless communication.

3.3 Bluetooth:
Bluetooth is an open wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances (using short wavelength radio transmissions) from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks (PANs) with high levels of security. Created by telecoms vendor Ericsson in 1994, it was originally conceived as a wireless alternative to RS-232 data cables. It can connect several devices, overcoming problems of synchronization. Today Bluetooth is managed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group. Bluetooth uses a radio technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum, which chops up the data being sent and transmits chunks of it on up to 79 bands (1 MHz each) in the range 2402-2480 MHz's This is in the globally unlicensed Industrial, Scientific and Medical 2.4 GHz short-range radio frequency band.
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Fig1.Blue Tooth Devices

3.4 WI-FI:
Wi-Fi stands for "wireless fidelity". Wi-Fi technology builds on IEEE 802.11 standards. Wi-Fi allows the deployment of local area networks (LANs) without wires for client devices, typically reducing the costs of network deployment and expansion. Spaces where cables cannot be run, such as outdoor areas and historical buildings, can host wireless LANs. As of 2010 manufacturers are building wireless network adapters into most laptops. The price of chipsets for Wi-Fi continues to drop, making it an economical networking option included in even more devices. Wi-Fi has become widespread in corporate infrastructures. Different competitive brands of access points and client network-interfaces can inter-operate at a basic level of service. Products designated as "Wi-Fi Certified" by the Wi-Fi Alliance are backwards compatible. "Wi-Fi" designates a globally operative set of standards: unlike mobile phones, any standard Wi-Fi device will work anywhere in the world. Wireless LANs may not be desirable for a number of reasons. Most of these have to do with the inherent limitations of the technology. Security - To combat this consideration, wireless networks may choose to utilize some of the various encryption technologies available. Some of the more commonly utilized

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encryption methods, however, are known to have weaknesses that a dedicated adversary can compromise. Range - The typical range of a common 802.11g network with standard equipment is on the order of tens of meters. While sufficient for a typical home, it will be insufficient in a larger structure. To obtain additional range, repeaters or additional access points will have to be purchased. Costs for these items can add up quickly. Reliability - Like any radio frequency transmission, wireless networking signals are subject to a wide variety of interference, as well as complex propagation effects that are beyond the control of the network administrator. Speed - The speed on most wireless networks (typically 1-54 Mbps) is far slower than even the slowest common wired networks (100Mbps up to several Gbps). However, in specialized environments, the throughput of a wired network might be necessary.

Fig2.Wi-Fi Devices

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3.5 WI-MAX:
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is the common name associated to the IEEE 802.16a/REVd/e standards. These standards are issued by the IEEE 802.16 subgroup that originally covered the Wireless Local Loop (WLL) technologies with radio spectrum from 10 to 66 GHz. Recently, these specifications were extended below 10 GHz. Harmonize standards and certify interoperability between equipment from different vendors. Standardized interoperable solutions will result in mass volume and bring down costs, promote and establish a brand for the technology. Wi-Fi style access will be limited to a 4-to-6 mile radius (perhaps 25 square miles or65 square km of coverage, which is similar in range to a cell-phone zone). Through the stronger line-of-sight antennas, the WiMAX transmitting station would send data to WiMAX-enabled computers or routers set up within the transmitter's 30-mile radius (3,600 square miles or 9,300 square km of coverage). This is what allows WiMAX to achieve its maximum range.

Fig3.WiMax Services

3.6 Reasons for Opting GI-FI:

The reason for pushing into Gi-Fi technology is because of slow rate, high power consumption, low range of frequency operations of earlier technologies i.e. Bluetooth and WiFi.

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GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-4 GI-FI

Gi-Fi or gigabit wireless is the world's first transceiver integrated on a single chip that operates at 60GHz on the cmos process. It will allow wireless transfer of audio and video data at up to 5gigabits per second, ten times the current maximum wireless transfer rate, at onetenth the cost. NICTA researchers have chosen to develop this technology in the 57-64GHz unlicensed frequency band as the millimetre-wave range of the spectrum makes possible high component on-chip integration as well as allowing for the integration of very small high gain arrays. The available 7GHz of spectrum results in very high data rates, up to 5 gigabits per second to users within an indoor environment, usually within a range of 10 metres .It satisfies the standards of IEEE 802.15.3C .The Gi-Fi integrated wireless transceiver chip developed at the National ICT Research Centre, Australia A new silicon chip developed in Melbourne is predicted to revolutionize the way household gadgets like televisions, phones and DVD players talk to each other. The tiny fivemillimeter-a-side chip can transmit data through a wireless connection at a breakthrough five gigabits per second over distances of up to 10 meters. An entire high-definition movie could be transmitted to a mobile phone in a few seconds, and the phone could then upload the movie to a home computer or screen at the same speed. The "Gi-Fi" was unveiled today at the Melbourne University-based laboratories of NICTA, the national information and communications technology research centre. Short-range wireless technology is a hotly contested area, with research teams around the world racing to be the first to launch such a product. Professor Skafiadas said his team was the first to demonstrate a working transceiver-on-a-chip that uses CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) technology - the cheap, ubiquitous technique that prints silicon chips. This means his team is ahead and stood in front of the competition in terms of price and power demand. His chip uses only a tiny one-millimetre-wide antenna and less than two watts of power, and would cost less than $10 to manufacture.

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Fig 4.Chip of Gi-Fi The chip shown in the above figure uses the 60GHz "millimetre wave" spectrum to transmit the data, which gives an advantage over Wi-Fi (wireless internet). Wi-Fi's part of the spectrum is increasingly crowded, sharing the waves with devices such as cordless phones, which leads to interference and slower speeds. But the millimetre wave spectrum (30 to 300 GHz) is almost unoccupied, and the new chip is potentially hundreds of times faster than the average home Wi-Fi unit. However, Wi-Fi still benefits from being able to provide wireless coverage over a greater distance. The Nitro chipset in Gi-Fi technology by offering reduced size and power consumption, can be used to send and receive large amounts of data in a variety of applications, it is able to transfer gigabits of data within seconds and therefore it can be used for huge data file transmission and it is expected that this chipset replaces HDMI (HighDefinition Multimedi Interface) cables and could develop wireless home and office of future.

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CHAPTER-5 WORKING PRINCIPLE USED IN GI-FI

In this we will use time division duplex for both transmission and receiving. Here data files are up converted from IF range to RF60Ghz range by using 2 mixers and we will feed this to a power amplifier, which feeds millimetre wave antenna. The incoming RF signal is first down converted to an IF signal cantered at 5 GHz and then to normal data ranges. Here we will use heterodyne construction for this process to avoid leakages due to direct conversion and due to availability of 7 GHz spectrum the total data will be will be transferred within seconds.

5.1 Time -Division Duplex:

Time-Division Duplex (TDD) is the application of time-division multiplexing to separate outward and return signals. It emulates full duplex communication over a half duplex communication link. As uplink traffic increases, more channel capacity can dynamically be allocated to that, and as it shrinks it can be taken away.

Time division duplex (TDD) refers to duplex communication links where uplink is separated from downlink by the allocation of different time slots in the same frequency band. It is a transmission scheme that allows asymmetric flow for uplink and downlink data transmission. Users are allocated time slots for uplink and downlink transmission. This method is highly advantageous in case there is an asymmetry of uplink and downlink data rates. TDD divides a data stream into frames and assigns different time slots to forward and reverse transmissions, thereby allowing both types of transmissions to share the same transmission medium.

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GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-6 TECHOLOGIES USED

This mmWave WPAN will operate in the new and clear band including 57-64 GHz unlicensed band defined by FCC 47 CFR 15.255. The millimeter-wave WPAN will allow high coexistence (close physical spacing) with all other microwave systems in the 802.15 family of WPANs. Two Technologies that help realize GWLAN are, 1. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) 2. System-On-a-Package(SOP) 6.1 Multiple Input Multiple Output: leverages in making 1Gbps wireless links a reality.We can in principle, meet the 1Gbps data rate requirement if the product of bandwidth (measured in Hz) and spectral efficiency (measured in bps/Hz) equals 10^9. breakthrough that will allow Gbps speeds in NLOS wireless networks.

1. Array gain 2. Diversity gain 3. Spatial Multiplexing Gain 4. Interference Reduction

6.2 System-On-A-Package:
SOP approach for the next-generation wireless solution is a more feasible option than SOC .

bring the concept of SOP into the RF world to meet the stringent needs in wireless communication area.

circuitry and consequently, require a large conventional package or MCM real estate.

performances and adding more functionalities.

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GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-7 FREQUENCY OF OPERATION

7.1 Operation At 60 GHz:
Here we will use millimeter wave antenna which will operate at 60Ghz frequency which is unlined band .Because of this band we are achieving high data rates energy propagation in the 60 GHz band has unique characteristics that make possible many other benefits such as excellent immunity to co-channel interference, high security, and frequency re-use. Point-to-point wireless systems operating at 60 GHz have been used for many years for satellite-to-satellite communications. This is because of high oxygen absorption at 60 GHz (10-15 dB/Km).As shown in the figure 5.1.1 the absorption attenuates 60 GHz signals over distance, so that signals cannot travel far beyond their intended recipient. For this reason, 60GHz is an excellent choice for covert communication.

Fig 5. Oxygen Attenuation vs. Frequency

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7.2 Ultra Wide Band Frequency Usage:
UWB , a technology with high bit rate, high security and faster data transmission. It is a zero carrier technique with low coverage area. So we have low power consumption. These features are Ultra-Wideband is a technology for transmitting

information spread over a large bandwidth (>500 MHz) that should, be able to share spectrum with other users. Regulatory settings of FCC are intended to provide an efficient use of scarce radio bandwidth while enabling both high data rate personal-area network (PAN) wireless connectivity and longer-range, low data rate applications as well as radar and imaging systems.

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CHAPTER-8 FEATURES OF GI-FI

The features of Gi-Fi have been standardized with many objectives like

High speed data transfer:

The main invention of Gi-Fi to provide higher bit rate .As the name itself indicates that data transfer rate is in Giga bits per second. Speed of Gi-Fi is 5Gbps, which is 10 times the present data transfer. Because of wider availability of continuous 7 Ghz spectrum it results in high data rates.

Low Power Consumption:

Though large amount of information transfer takes place it utilizes milli watts of power only. It consumes only 2mwatt power for data transfer of gigabits of information, whereas in present technologies it takes 10 mwatt power which is very high.

High Security:
Point-to-point wireless systems operating at 60 GHz have been used for many years by the intelligence community for high security communications and by the military for satellite-to satellite communications. The combined effects of O2 absorption and narrow beam spread result in high security and low interference.

Cost-effective:
Gi-Fi is based on an open, international standard. Mass adoption of the standard, and the use of low-cost, mass-produced chipsets, will drive costs down dramatically, and the resultant integrated wireless transceiver chip which transfers data at high speed, low power at low price $10 only which is very less As compare to present systems .As go on development the price will be decreased.

No Interference:
It uses the 60GHz millimeter wave spectrum to transmit the data, which gives it an advantage over Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi's part ofthe spectrum is increasingly crowded, sharing the waves with devices such as cordless phones, which leads to interference and slower speeds. But the millimeter wave spectrum (30 to 300 GHz) is almost unoccupied, and the new chip ispotentially hundreds of times faster than the average home Wi-Fi unit.
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Other Features:
High level of frequency re-use enabled - communication needs of multiple customers within a small geographic region can be satisfied It is also highly portable-we can construct where ever we want. It deploys line of sight operation having only shorter coverage area, it has more flexible architecture. Multi-gigabit wireless technology that removes the need for cables between consumer electronic devices. More than 100 times faster than current short-range wireless technologies. Allows wireless streaming of uncompressed high-definition content. Operates over a range of 10 meters without interference. Entire transmission system can be built on a cost effective single silicon chip.

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GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-9 COMPARISIONS BETWEEN GI-FI & EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES

Gi-Fi wireless technology has been developed and can be an extremely fast replacement for technologies such as Bluetooth and ultra-wideband (UWB). The process of Gi-Fi would use a chip that transmits at an extremely high 60GHz frequency versus the 5GHz used for the fastest forms of Wi-Fi. The sheer density of the signal would allow a chip to send as much as five gigabits per second. While the spectrum would limit the device to the same 33-foot range as Bluetooth or UWB, it could theoretically transfer an HD movie to a cell phone in seconds, the researchers claim. Mixing and signal filtering used in Gi-Fi technology would keep the signal strong versus the longer-ranged but slower and more drop-prone Wi-Fi option of today. The chip in Gi-fi would likely cost about $10 or less to build. This and a small design would allow cell phones and other small devices to add the technology without significantly drive up the price, according to the company. The change opens the possibility of a successor to UWB and its related technology Wireless USB, which matches the same range but roughly the same 480Mbps peak speed of its wired equivalent. In recent years, new wireless local area networks (WLANs) such as Wi-Fi and wireless personal area networks (WPAN) such as Bluetooth have become available.Now we can compare the GI-FI technology with the existing technologies like bluetooth,wi-fi,wimax.,, I. II. Bluetooth verses WI-FI Bluetooth verses WI-FI & GI-FI

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9.1 Bluetooth vs wi-fi:
Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are different standards for wireless communication

Table 1. Bluetooth vs wi-fi The hardware requirements of WiFi and Bluetooth are entirely different, Through Bluetooth adapter you can connect devices with each other. While in Wi-Fi network you need an adapter, router and access point to enable connection. The bandwidth required for Bluetooth is only 800 kbps and for WiFi 11Mbps bandwidth require. WiFi network come into existence in 1991 and Bluetooth in 1994.The specification of Bluetooth is SIG and wifi is IEEE, and WECA. Bluetooth is non resident tools while wifi is residential equipments and its purposes. Both technologies are wireless but for different purposes. WiFi used to get access toward local area network in working areas while Bluetooth used to carry out personal application as smart energy.

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9.2 Bluetooth verses WI-FI & GI-FI:

Characteristics Specification Authority Development Start date

Bluetooth Bluetooth SIG 1998

Wi-Fi IEEE, WECA 1990

Gi-Fi NICTA 2004

Primary Devices

Mobile phones, PDAs, Consumer, Electronics Office Industrial automation Devices

Notebook Computers, Desktop Computers, Servers

Mobile phones, Home Devices, PDAs, Consumer, Electronics Office Industrial automation Devices < 2 mw 5 Mbps 10 Meters 57-64 GHz

Power Consumption Data Transfer Rate Range Frequency

5 mw 800 Kbps 10 Meters 2.4 GHz

10 mw 11 Mbps 100 Meters 2.4 GHz

TABLE 2. COMPARISON OF GI-FI AND EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES Table 2 demonstrates the large power consumption associated with WiFi and Bluetooth technologies in compare to Gi-Fi. Wi-Fi requires 10mili watts and Bluetooth requires 5mili watts when Gi-fi requires less than 2mili watts .Data transfer rate of Wi-Fi is up to 11 Megabit per second and Bluetooth has 800 kilobits per second while Gi-Fi is able to transmit the data at the rate of 5 Gigabit per second. Wi-Fi and Bluetooth are operating in the frequency of 2.4 Giga Hertz but Gi-Fi uses the 60GHz millimeter wave spectrum to transmit the data, which gives it an advantage over Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi's part of the spectrum is increasingly crowded, sharing the waves with devices such as cordless phones, which leads to interference and slower speeds. We can conclude that the Gi-Fi is an appropriate technology for short distance data transmission to be used in many devices and places.
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GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-10 ADVANTAGES OF GI-FI

The most important advantages of the Gi-Fi technology can be summarized as follows:

Removing Cables:
For many years cables ruled the world. Optical fibers played a dominant role for its higher bit rates and faster transmission. But the installation of cables caused a greater difficulty and thus led to wireless access. The foremost of this is Bluetooth which can cover 9-10mts. Wi-Fi followed it having coverage area of 91mts. The standard's original limitations for data exchange rate and range and high cost of the infrastructures have not yet made it possible for Wi-Fi to become a good replace for the cables. Gi-Fi technology Removes need for cables to connect consumer electronics devices and all the devices in the range of 10 meters can be connected in order to transmit the datawirelessly.

Low Cost Chip:

Gi-Fi's chip uses only a tiny one-millimeter-wide antenna and less than 2mili watts of power. Low-cost chip allows technology to be readily incorporated into multiple devices. The chip in Gi-fi would likely cost about $10 or less to build. This and a small design would allow cell phones and other small devices to add the technology without significantly drive up the price, according to the company. Gi-Fi is based on an open, international standard. Mass adoption of the standard, and the use of low-cost, mass-produced chipsets, will drive costs down dramatically, which is very less in compare to present technologies.

Security:
Among the factors that have held back enterprise uptake of wireless LANs outside green field sites have been security fears and lack of performance compared to wire line Ethernet. About 70 per cent of firms have deployed their WLAN in a secure firewall zone but are still using the old WEP protocol, which does not protect the application layer effectively, so better encryption is urgently needed . Secure encryption technology in Gi-Fi ensures privacy and security of content.

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Simplicity:
One of the problems with wire connections and cables is complexity for connecting, but in the Gigabit wireless technology simplicity is one of the features. Simple connection improves the consumer experience. In addition to the above mentioned benefits, there are many other benefits related to the Gi-fi technology that can be achieved by the deployment and use of this technology. Enhancements to next generation gaming technology is one of the other benefits of this new technology. The new gigabit wireless system provides Multi-gigabit wireless technology that removes the need for cables between consumer electronic devices and is More than 100 times faster than current short-range wireless technologies such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. This technology with high level of frequency re-use can satisfy the communication needs of multiple customers within a small geographic region. This Gi-Fi technology allows wireless streaming of uncompressed high-definition content and operates over a range of 10 meters without interference. It is highly portable and can be constructed in everywhere. Entire transmission system can be built on a cost effective single silicon chip that operates in the unlicensed, 57-64 GHz spectrum band. Gi-Fi technology also enables the future of information management, is easy to deployment with the small form factor. Gi-fi chip has flexible architecture.

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GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-11 DISADVANTAGES

11.1 Disadvantages of Bluetooth and Wi-fi:
The bit rates of Bluetooth is 800Kbps and Wi-Fi has 11Mbps.Both are having higher power consumptions and lower frequency of operation 2.4GHz.For transferring large amount of videos ,audios, data files take hours of time. So to have higher data transfer rate at lower power consumption we move onto Gi-Fi technology. Gi-fi technology is limited upto 10 meters range only but it is short range wireless technology.

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GI-FI TECHNOLOGY CHAPTER-12 APPLICATIONS OF GI-FI

The Nitro chipset in Gi-Fi technology by offering reduced size and power consumption, can be used to send and receive large amounts of data in a variety of applications For example,it is intended for use in a wide range of devices including personal computers, tablets, and smart phones. The technology's fast data-synchronization rates enable the rapid transfer of video, bringing the wireless office closer to reality. In fact Gi-Fi technology has many attractive features that make it suitable for use in many places and devices. There are many applications for Gi-Fi. This technology can be effectively used in wireless pan networks, Inter-vehicle communication systems, Ad-hoc information distribution with Point-to-Point network extension, media access control (MAC), imaging and many other applications . Gi-Fi technology is able to transfer gigabits of data within seconds and therefore it can be used for huge data file transmission and it is expected that this chipset replaces HDMI cables and could develop wireless home and office of future. Gi-Fi technology also can be used in broadcasting video signal transmission system in sports stadiums and mm-Wave video-signals transmission systems. The technologycould also be used for beaming full HD video in real-time and could be used by notebooks and other computers to wirelessly connect virtually all the expansion needed for a docking station, including a secondary display and storage. Bluetooth technology is useful when transferring information between two or more devices that are near each other when speed is not an issue, such as telephones, printers, modems and headsets. It is best suited to low-bandwidth applications like transferring sound data with telephones (i.e. with a Bluetooth headset) or byte data with hand-held computers (transferring files). Wi-Fi is better suited for operating full-scale networks because it enables a faster connection, better range from the base station, and better security than Bluetooth. There are many usage scenarios that can be addressed by Gi-Fi. The following are some applications of Gi-Fi . Gi-Fi access devices. Broadcasting video signal transmission system in sports stadium. Office appliances. Video information transfer.
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Inter vehicle communication system. Media access cvontrol (MAC) and imaging and others. 1. GI-FI Access Devices:

Fig 6.GI-FI access devices Some of the Gi-Fi access devices are shown in fig.These access devices include termination units, internal radio modules, network interface cards ,printers, PC's,and all household electronic appliances. 2. Broadcasting Video Signal Transmission System In Sports Stadium:

Fig 6.sports stadium

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Easy and immediate construction of temporal broadband network such as in sports stadium for the advertisement of information distribution can be possible as shown in fig 6. 3. Office Appliances:

Fig 7. In office As gi-fi data transfer rate is very high we can transfer data at very high speed in offices as shown in fig 7 which made work very easy and it also provides high quality of information from the internet. 4. Video Information Transfer:

Fig 8.vedio transformation By using present technologies video swapping takes hours of time where as with this technology as shown in fig 8 we can transfer data at a speed of giga bits/sec same as that for the transfer of information from a PC to a mobile and vice-versa.

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5. Inter Vehicle Communication System:

Fig 9. Inter vehicle communication system The data exchange between vehicles is made possible by ad-hoc networks. These shortdistance connections are spontaneously created between the vehicles as the need arises and can organise themselves without the help of any external infrastructure. 6. Media access cvontrol (MAC) and imaging and others:

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CHAPTER-13 FUTURE SCOPE

A completely integrated single chip transceiver has been fabricated, tested and demonstrated in Gi-Fi chip and a transceiver with integrated phased array antenna on 65nm CMOS technology has been sent for fabrication. Gi-Fitechnology demonstrates the world's first fully integrated transceiver on CMOS technology operating at 60 GHz and provides new technique for integrating antennas on CMOS. Demonstrations of Gi-Fi technology can be arranged showing the huge potential it has to change the way consumers use their in-home electronic devices. The GiFi team is looking for partners interested in commercializing its 60GHz chips and with growing consumer adoption of High-Definition (HD) television, low cost chip and other interesting features of this new technology it can be predicted that the anticipated worldwide market for this technology is vast. Within next few years, we expect Gi-Fi to be the dominant technology for wireless networking. By providing low-cost, high broadband access, with very high speed large files swapped within seconds it could develop wireless home and office of future. As the integrated transceiver is extremely small, it can be embedded into devices. The breakthrough will mean the networking of office and home equipment without wires will finally become a reality. The Gi-Fi integrated transceiver chip may be launched by the starting of next year by NICTA. Due to the less cost of chip so many companies are coming forward to launch the chip. The potential of mmwave range for ultra fast data exchange has prompted many companies like intel, LG, Panasonic, Samsung, Sony& Toshiba to form wireless HD. Specifically wireless HD has a stated goal of enabling wireless connectivity for streaming high definition content between source devices and high definition devices.

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CHAPTER -14 CONCLUSION

In this paper Gi-Fi technology is defined that will allow wireless transfer of audio and video data up to 5 gigabits per second, ten times the current maximum wireless transfer rate, at one-tenth of the cost, usually within a range of 10 meters that operates at 60GHz on the CMOS process. This technology removes cables that for many years curled the world and provides high speed data transfer rate. The comparison that is performed between Gi-Fi and existing wireless technologies in this paper shows that these features along with some other benefits such as Low-cost chip, No Frequency Interference, Low Power Consumption and High Security that are explained in detail in this paper, makes it suitable to replace the existing wireless technologies for data transmission between devices that are placed in the short distances from each other. Gi-Fi technology has much number of applications and can be used in many places and devices such as smart phones, wireless pan networks, media access control and mm-Wave video-signals transmission systems. This chip could also replace HDMI cables and develop wireless home and office of future. Finally some of the future works related to Gi-Fi has given and it is conspicuous that more research should be done in the field of this new wireless technology and its applications.

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CHAPTER-15 REFERENCES
[1] Gast, Matthew, 802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide,Second Edition, Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly & Associates, Inc., 2005. [2] Ross, John, The Book of Wireless: A Painless Guide to Wi-Fi and Broadband Wireless, Second Edition, San Francisco, CA: No Starch Press, 2008. [3] N. Golmie, Bluetooth Dynamic Scheduling and Interference Mitigation, 2004. [4] Sachin Abhyankar, Rishi Toshiwal, Carlos Cordeiro and Dharma Agraqal, Emerging Technologies: WLANS and WPANS: On the Application of Traffic Engineering Over Ad Hoc Networks, Unpublished, 2003. [5] NICTA news, [Online], Available at: www.nicta.com.au, March 2009. [6] Imagination, Research report, NICTA, 2008. [7] Electronista Staff, NICTA GiFi Chipset, [Online], Available at:

http://www.electronista.com/articles/08/02/22/nicta.gifi.chipset/, February 2008. [8] Gowtham S Shetty, GiFi: Next Generation Wireless Technology, Seminar report, Visvesvaraya Technological university Belgaum, 2011. [9] Gigabit Wi-Fi looms large, Copyright Wireless Watch, 2004. [10] The Wi-Fi Alliance, [Online], available at: http://www.wi-fi.org/. 2009. [11] Bluetooth, [Online], Available at: http://www.bluetooth.com, 2009. [12] S.Dheeraj, S.Gopichand, Gi-Fi: New Era of Wireless Technology,[Online], Available at: http://www.yuvaengineers.com/?p=570, 2010. [13] Bluetooth Personal Area Networking (PAN) Profile, Version 0.7,November 2000. [14] F. Ramirez-Mireles, On Performance of Ultra Wideband Signals in Gaussian Noise and Dense Multipath, IEEE Trans on Veihicular Technology, January 2001, pp. 244-249.
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[15] J. M. Cramer et al., On the Analysis of UWB Communication Channels Proc. IEEE Milit. Comm. Conf, 1999. [16]R. J. Fontana and S. J. Gunderson, Ultra-Wideband Precision Asset Location System, Proc. IEEE Conf. on UWB Syst. and Technology,Baltimore, 2002. [17] J. Karaoguz, High-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, Volume 39 Issue 12 , Dec. 2001, pp. 96-102. [18] M. Duval, Requirements for High Rate WPAN for Video, IEEE802.15 document 02/047,[online],Availableathttp://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2002/Jan02/02047r0P8 02-15_SG3a-CFA-Response-Alt-Rate-for-Video.ppt. [19] R. Aiello et al., "Application Opportunities for High Rate WPANs", IEEE 802.15 document 02/143, [online], Available at

http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2002/Mar02/02143r0P802- 15-SG3a-ApplicationOpportunities-GA.ppt. [20] P. Bhagwat, Bluetooth: Technology for Short-Range Wireless Apps, unpublished, 2001. [21] M. Z. Win, R. A. Scholtz, and M. A. Barnes, Ultra -Wide Bandwidth Signal Propagation for Indoor Wireless Communications, Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. On Commun., 1997, pp. 56-60. [22] Q. H. Spencer et al., Indoor Wideband Time/Angle of Arrival Multipath Propagation Results, Proc. IEEE Vehic. Technol. Conf., 1997, pp. 1410-1414. [23] Madhushee G. Getting Started with Bluetooth, Premier Press, 2002. [24] MultiBand OFDM Alliance Special Interest Group (MBOA-SIG) White Paper, Ultra wide band: High-speed, short-range technology with far-reaching effects, September 1, 2004, [Online], Available at: http://www.alereon.com/technology/white-papers. [25] C.-C. Chong and S. K. Yong, A generic statistical based UWB channel model for high-rise apartments, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagate., vol.53, no. 8, Aug 2005, pp. 23892399. [26] http://www.zdnet.com/blog/ip-telephony/new-gifi-wireless-chip-unveiled-5-gigs-persecond- up-to-10-meters/3288. [27] http://www.yuvaengineers.com/?p=570 [28] http://www.slipperybrick.com/2008/02/gifi-chip/ [29] http://www.mobilemag.com/2008/02/22/forget-wifi-get-5gps-speeds-with-gifi-wireless/

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