Historical Implications, Part 3

Historical Implications, Part 3 Melissa Aronson Lydia Abu-Rahmeh Margot Franco Martha Freewalt TESOL 507 Nona Hall September 25, 2013

African Americans Defined

African Americans constitute the second largest racial and ethnic minority in the United States. Most African Americans are of West and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved blacks within the boundaries of the present United States.

The Path of African Migration to North America 1400s

In 1492, Black navigator Pedro Aloso Nino arrived in North America with Christopher Columbus & his crew.

1500s
In the 1500s African adventurers explored North and South America with Spanish explorers, including Hernando de Soto.

1600s
In 1619, a Dutch ship carrying 20 African indentured servants arrived in Jamestown.

1700s
By the 1700s, Spain, Portugal, France, and the Netherlands began kidnapping and enslaving West Africans and selling them in the U.S. colonies. Europe

300 Years of Migration Statistics

15-20 Million Africans were brought the North American as slaves. 1 million died en route. 400,000 were sent to the 13 British colonies prior to the Revolutionary War.

By 1790, there were 700,000 Africans in North American. By 1830, there were 2 million. By the start of the Civil War, there were 4 million.

West African Slave Trade Routes

Migration Milestones
1776: Due to pressure from the Southern states, the Declaration of Independence excluded Africans. 1787: Congress passes a law to extend the slave trade for 20 more years. 1791: Slave revolt in Haiti 1807: Congress passes laws banning slavery that are ignored by the South. 1831-1861: 750,000 Africans migrate North on the Underground Railroad 1863: Emancipation Proclamation 1865: The 13th Amendment is passed banning African slavery forever.

Migration Milestones
1870: Africans migrate to the North & West United States. 1890: Africans migrate to the Northeast and Midwest 1920: 750,000 Africans left the South in 1 year. This was known as the Great Migration.

African Americans Today 1990 - Present

The U.S. Census reveals an increase in the African American population to 12 percent of the total U.S. population, with over 50 percent of all African Americans still residing in southern states.

References:

Internet Timeline: http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presen . Internet Timeline: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/aaworld/timeline/building_0 2.html. Maps: Google Images