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e a host
1) Made of cells? 2) Organization? 3) Require energy? 4) Respond to Environment? 5) Grow? 6) Reproduce? 7) Adapt?
They are not made of cells or organelles They cannot reproduce without a host They dont have both DNA and RNA They do not metabolize energy
Reproduce They have DNA or RNA They can adapt to surroundings The have organization
All Have: 1) Capsid: coat of protein that surrounds DNA or RNA 2) Nucleic Acid: RNA or DNA Some Have: Tail Fibers: Used for attachment (not legs) Shapes vary
Cannot reproduce w/o a host cell Virulent: cause disease Bacteriophages (infect bacteria) are often studied Replication is similar with many animal viruses
endocytosis
2nd Step: Entry Virus enzyme weakens cell membrane Genetic material (DNA or RNA) enters host cell
3rd Step: Replication Virus DNA/RNA uses ribosomes to make virus proteins Proteins created by transcription/translation Virus proteins make new virus parts
4th Step: Assembly (formation) New virus parts are assembled in the cytoplasm
5th Step: Lysis & Release Virus enzyme causes cell membrane to lyse New viruses are released to find new host Cycle repeats
If DNA Virus: 1) Viral DNA injected 2) Viral DNA transcribed into viral mRNA 3) Viral mRNA translated into viral proteins
If RNA Virus: 1) Viral RNA injected 2) Viral mRNA translated into viral proteins