Basic AC Power

POWER TRIANGLE

Power in Series R-L Circuit

Example: A 200 resistor and a 50 XL are placed in series with a voltage source, and the total current flow is 2 amps, as shown in Figure 4. Find: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Solution: 1. pf cos X arctan L R pf applied voltage, V P Q S
Figure 4 Series R-L Circuit

X cos arctan L R 50 cos arctan 200 cos (14 ) pf 2. V 0.097 IZ I R2 2 2002 2 42,500 (2)(206.16) V 412.3 volts Note: Inverse trigonometric functions such as arctan are discussed in the Mathematics Fundamentals Manual, Module 4, Trigonometry, pages 6 and 7 should the student require review. Z XL
2

R2

XL

502

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3.

EI cos (412.3)(2)(0.97)

P 4. Q

799.86 watts EI sin (412.3)(2)(0.242)

Q 5. S

199.6 VAR EI (412.3)(2)

824.6 VA

Power in Parallel R-L Circuit

Example: A 600 resistor and 200 XL are in parallel with a 440V source, as shown in Figure 5. Find: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. IT pf P Q S

Figure 5

Parallel R-L Circuit

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POWER TRIANGLE

Solution:

2.

pf

cos

I L arctan I R

I L cosarctan I R 2.2 cosarctan 0.73 cos(arctan( 3)) cos( 71.5) pf 3. P 0.32 EI cos (440)(2.3)(0.32) P 4. Q 323.84 watts EI sin (440)(2.3)(0.948) Q 959.4 VAR

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5.

EI (440)(2.3)

1012 VA

Power in Series R-C Circuit

Example: An 80 Xc and a 60 resistance are in series with a 120V source, as shown in Figure 6. Find: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Solution: 1. Z R2 602 3600 Z 2. IT 100 VT Z 120 100 IT 1.2 amps XC 802 6400
2

Z IT pf P Q S
Figure 6 Series R-C Circuit

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POWER TRIANGLE

3.

pf

cos

XC arctan R

XC cosarctan R 80 cosarctan 60 cos(arctan( 1.33)) cos( 53) pf 4. P 0.60 EI cos (120)(1.2)(0.60) P 5. Q 86.4 watts EI sin (120)(1.2)(0.798) Q 6. S 114.9 VAR EI (120)(1.2) S 144 VA

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Basic AC Power

Power in Parallel R-C Circuit

Example: A 30 resistance and a 40 XC are in parallel with a 120V power source, as shown in Figure 7. Find: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. IT Z pf P Q S

Solution:

Figure 7

Parallel R-C Circuit

2.

VT IT 120 5

24

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POWER TRIANGLE

3.

pf

cos

I C arctan I R

I C cos arctan I R 3 cosarctan 4 cos(arctan(36.9)) pf 4. P 0.80 EI cos (120)(5)(0.80) P 5. Q 480 watts EI sin (120)(5)(0.6) Q 6. S 360 VAR EI (120)(5) S 600 VA

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POWER TRIANGLE

Basic AC Power

Power in Series R-C-L Circuit

Example: An 8 resistance, a 40 XL, and a 24 XC are in series with a 60 Hz source with a current flow of 4 amps, as shown in Figure 8. Find: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Z VT pf P Q S
Figure 8 Series R-C-L Circuit

1.

R2 82 82

(XL (40 162

XC)2 24)2

Z 2. VT

17.9 IZ (4)(17.9)

VT

71.6 volts

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3.

pf

cos

X arctan R

X cosarctan R 16 cosarctan 8 cos(arctan(2)) cos(63.4) pf 4. P 0.45 EI cos (71.6)(4)(0.45) P 5. Q 128.9 watts EI sin (71.6)(4)(0.89) Q 6. S 254.9 VAR EI (71.6)(4) S 286.4 VA

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Basic AC Power

Power in Parallel R-C-L Circuits

Example: An 800 resistance, 100 XL, and an 80 XC are in parallel with a 120V, 60Hz source, as shown in Figure 9. Find: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. IT pf P Q S

Figure 9

Parallel R-C-L Circuit

Solution:

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POWER TRIANGLE

2.

pf

cos

I IL C arctan I R

I C IL cos arctan I R 1.5 1.2 cosarctan 0.15 cos(arctan(2)) cos(63.4) pf 3. P 0.45 EI cos (120)(0.34)(0.45) P 4. Q 18.36 watts EI sin (120)(0.34)(0.89) Q 5. S 36.4 VAR EI (120)(0.34) S 40.8 VA

Rev. 0

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