iv Contents

Field Effect Transistors, 79

Problems, 86

2 MATCHING NETWORKS AND SIGNAL FLOW GRAPHS 92

2.1 Introduction, 92
2.2 The Smith Chart, 93
2.3 .The Normalized Impedance and Admittance
Smith Chart, 105
2.4 Impedance Matching Networks, 112
2.5 Microstrip Matching Networks, 141
Microstrip Lines, 141
Design of Matching Ne!works, 152
2.6 Signal Flow Graphs and Applications, 175
Applications of Signal Flow Graphs, 180
2.7 Power-Gain Expressions: Alternate
Derivations, 185
Power-Gain Expressions in Terms of Sp
parameters, 192
2.8 VSWR Calculations, 194
Problems, 200
3 MICROWAVE TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER DESIGN 212

3.1 Introduction, 212

3.2 Power Gain Equations, 213
3.3 Stability Considerations, 217
3.4 Constant-Gain Circles: Unilateral Case, 228
Unconditionally Stable Case, ISi;1 < 1, 231
Potentially Unstable Case, ISi;1 > 1, 234
3.5 Unilateral Figure of Merit, 238
3.6 Simultaneous Conjugate Match:
Bilateral Case, 240
3.7 Operating and Available Power-Gain Circles, 247
Operating Power-Gain Circles, 247
Unconditionally stable bilateral case, 247
Potentially unstable bilateral case, 252
Available Power-Gain Circles, 257
Unconditionally stable bilateral case, 257
Potentially unstable bilateral case, 260
3.8 Constant VSWR Circles, 260
3.9 DC Bias Networks, 273
BIT Bias Networks, 273
GaAs FET Bias Networks, 280
Problems. 283