Benin & Vietnams Development Goals

By: Tanna Quigley & Anna Komar

Millenium Development Goals

-In the year 2000, 189 United Nations made a promise to free people from extreme poverty and multiple deprivations. This pledge turned into the eight Millennium Development Goals(MDG). -There are certain targets for each goal and indicators to track how well the countries are doing on the MDG s.

Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Hunger & Poverty

Benin:
-Benin has had a 22.31 decrease in underweight children. (MDG, pg 20) -Benins underweight children is currently at 20.2% (7) -Their MPI (Population percentage living below $1.25 per day) is 47.3.

Vietnam:
-Vietnam had underweight children in 2007 at 27%

-Vietnams underweight children currently is 20.2%(7) -Food poverty line (percentage poor households) is 6.7% -Vietnam's national poverty rates have dropped from 14.2 percent in 2010 to 9.6 percent in 2012, -Their MPI (Population percentage living below %1.25 per day) is 16.9.

Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health

Benin -Benin is well on its way
to reaching the fifth goal as well! the number of maternal deaths reduced from 530 out of 100,000 live births to 350 in 2010. (Wang)

Vietnam:
-Maternal mortality rate (deaths per 100,000 live births, 0f 2009) 69

Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education

Benin:
-Benin has a 6.2 % gap to its net enrollment target in primary education. -They have made huge progress and if the trend continues, they will complete the goal by 2015. (Wang) -The ratio of boys to girls in school is now 8-6 according the latest UNDP report in 2012

Vietnam:
-Only 5% of Vietnamese don't attend school -One of the highest GDP growths rates in Asia -Drop out age is 11-18 years old -Vietnam's literacy rate ages 15-24 is over 96.9%(8)

-The dropout percentage

is 24.3 (UNDP) -Benins literacy rate ages 15-24 is 65.6% (8)

Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality & Empower Women

Benin
-The Beninese minister in regards to the third goal says, Progress in this area can be seen in the increased number of women in representative bodies as well as public administration. (Wang) -Their GII (Gender Inequality Index) is 0.618. This is pretty bad because they are definitely on the higher end of inequality. -In 2005, their female-male ratio was at 0.078. It is currently 0.092. So it has increased.

Vietnam:
-Vietnam has achieved three millenium development goals, promoting gender equality is one them. They are doing really well. - Female workers accounted for 48 percent of new employment in 201 GII (Gender Inequality Index) is 0.299. Vietnam is improving.

Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality

Benin
- The Beninese minister commented that the government has done a lot to employ more health care staff. (Wang) - In 2000, the under 5 mortality rate per 1,000 live births was 178. It is currently at 115!

Vietnam:
-Infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (2011): 15.5 -Vietnam is likely to reach MDGs of reducing child mortality and improving maternal health by 2015

Goal 6: Combat HIV, AIDS, Malaria & Other Diseases

Benin:
-Police have cracked down on drug dealers who sell fake drugs on the
street. Knowing that this would increase pressure on the understaffed and thinly spread health facilities, they enlisted citizens to help with the health services. They go through a first aid program by Unicef. When they are done with the course, they are given a suitcase of basic drugs for malaria, diarrhea, and chest infections. The prices undercut the market traders and some traditional healers. (worldbank.org)

Vietnam:
-The country has also made significant advances in implementing other MDGs of

prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS, malaria and other serious diseases - HIV/AIDS is increasing, fuelled by a growing drug abuse and unsafe sex. However, the country has scored some remarkable successes, notably being the first country in the world to eradicate an outbreak of SARS in the spring of 2003. Also Vietnam was the first country into which WWo brought HIV/AIDS medicines specifically for orphans that year. -Estimated prevalence HIV, AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases is 0.4% -14,000 estimated deaths in 2010

-The national HIV/AIDS prevalence rate dropped 1.2% in 2011. The minister of Benin attributed the drop to the behavior change and access to antiretroviral drugs. (Wang) -The AIDS related deaths in Benin topped out at 4941 in 2005. It has dropped to 3098! They have been making significant progress in reducing the amount of deaths and reversing the rise.

Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability

Benin:
- The minister also stated that the supply of water has improved. He said that, the government has adopted a better reforestation policy as well as better policies to protect the coastal regions and the countrys biodiversity.
-Awareness-raising campaigns organized under this project (the Community-Based Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Management Project)(a total of 116 compared to the 38 originally planned) have enabled residents of the sites involved to realize the importance of conserving their natural resources. the CBCBM is expected to finance a total of 149 community groups, involving 1,669 direct beneficiaries, of which 785 are women (49%), for a total of approximately $1 million US dollars. (theworldbank. org) -Their GDP per capita started at 1,134 and is currently at 1,428. (UNDP) -Their carbon dioxide emissions per capita started at 0.1 and is currently at 0.5. (UNDP)

Vietnam:
-Viet Nam is convinced that sustainable development is an inevitable path and will be vividly and effectively realized in Viet Nams process of development and integration. -In the process of sustainable development implementation, the internationally agreed principles and objectives have been localized to suit Vietnamese conditions. The results have been integrated into 14 NATIONAL REPORT AT THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (RIO+20)the socio-economic development strategies and plans of the country. Various ministries, agencies and localities in which economic, social and environmental objectives and targets are closely linked, are harmonized. -Vietnams GDP per capita started at 239.43 and in 2012 at 1,595.81 -Vietnams carbon dioxide emissions per capita started at 0.3 and is currently at 1.5

Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development

-MDG8 calls on development partners to work together to ensure trade is fair, heavily indebted countries receive relief, funds are available to tackle poverty,

essential drugs are available and affordable, and poor countries benefit from new information and communication technologies. (Develop)

Benin:
- In regards to this last goal, the minister regretted that it hadnt
become a reality. He said, Owing to economic and financial crises, the development partners did not manage to honor all their commitments. - According to the International Human Development Indicators from UNDP, fixed and mobile telephone subscribers per 100 people is valued at 81.5.

Vietnam:
-Viet Nam has made major strides in developing global

partnerships for development since 2000, including assession to the World Trade Organization, expanded cooperation with ASEAN, a term as non-permanent member of the UN Security Council (2008-2009), and involvement in a number of new free trade agreements. Ensuring social equity and sustainability of the country's development process will require continued and expanded partnerships in all areas in the coming years. -From the UNDP, fixed and mobile telephone subscribers per 100 people is valued at 196.

In Conclusion...
In September 2000, leaders of 189 countries met at United Nations headquarters in New York to participate in the UN Millennium Summit. At the conclusion of the meeting, members agreed to the UN Millennium Declaration and laid out the MDGs as guides for the UN in the years to come. The goals are intended to help the poor nations develop, if the poor make their own efforts to reform their countries to make the assistance work effectively and efficiently. Only 2.21 years remaining until 2015. There is progress in Benin and Vietnam, they are working at achieving the goals.
Vietnam has achieved three important millennium development goals (MDGs) of poverty elimination, universal primary education and promoting gender equality, said Vietnam's Ministry of Planning and Investment on a draft MDG Report 2013.

Vietnam is currently doing better than Benin in all aspects. As far as reaching goals for the MDGs, Vietnam is also doing better. The only thing we found that was fairly similar, numbers wise, was the percentage of underweight children both being at 20.2%.

Citations
Benin
1. Develop a Global Partnership for Development. http://www.worldbank.org/mdgs/global_partnership.html. 2. http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/poverty-matters/2012/feb/10/benin-makes-headway-against-malaria 3. MDG Report 2013. United Nations Economic Commission for AFrica. 4. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-08/29/c_132671720.htm 5. UNDP. Benin. Country Profile: Human Development Indicators. http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/BEN.html 6. Wang, Yamei. Beninese minister reports progress in achieving MDGs. Africa. news.xinhuanet.com. 7. worldbank.org. In Benin, Conservation Efforts Help Lift People Out of Poverty. May 6, 2013. 8. http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/benin/literacy-rate

Citations Continued
Vietnam:
1.http://www.un.org.vn/en/about-viet-nam/basic-statistics.html
2. http://www.globalexchange.org/country/vietnam/poverty 3.news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-09/18/c_132732441.htm

4.http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/VNM.html
5.National report at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (rio+20) http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/995vietnam.pdf 6.http://www.vn.undp.org/content/vietnam/en/home/mdgoverview/overview/mdg8/ 7. http://kff.org/global-indicator/child-malnutrition/ 8.http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/vietnam/literacy-rate 9.haivenu-vietnam.com/vietnam-today-problems.htm