Lesson 4.

Objective:
Within the learning period, I will be able to divide a polynomial by a monomial.
Standard 10.0 Students add, subtract, multiply and divide monomials and polynomials. Students solve multistep problems, including word problems, by using these techniques.

Think and Share

Six friends visited a zoo to see the new panda exhibit. The group paid for admission and an additional $12 for parking. The total cost of the visit can be shown by the expression $6x + $12. what was the cost of the visit for one person?

Things to Remember
When dividing polynomials by a monomial, remember to divide each term in the numerator by the term in the denominator. Remember your exponent laws for dividing. You subtract the exponents if the base is the same. Remember your answer can have a fraction. You may only have to reduce the fraction in some cases.

Solution to the Problem:

When Dividing a Polynomial by a monomial, you are simplifying the expression.
Simplify,

6x + 12 6

6x 6

+ 12
6

Divide each term in the numerator by the term in the denominator. Therefore, each person paid $x + 2 for admission to the zoo, where x = admission fee

x+2

Example 1:
When Dividing a Polynomial by a monomial, you are simplifying the expression.
Simplify,

5x2 10x 5

5x2 5

10x 5

Divide each term in the numerator by the term in the denominator.

= x2 2x

Example 2:
When Dividing a Polynomial by a monomial, you are simplifying the expression.
Simplify,

3b3 6b2 + 9b 6b

= =

3b3 6b b2

6b2 6b

9b 6b

Divide each term in the numerator by the term in the denominator.

Remember that you can have a fraction in your answer, just reduce.

-b+ 3 2 2

Second Method
There is another way to divide a polynomial by a monomial. We factor the polynomial, and then divide the monomial into the common factor. If necessary, we factor the monomial before dividing.

Example 1:

5x2 10x 5

= = =

5(x2 2x) 5 5(x2 2x) 5 x2 2x

Factored the numerator. GCF = 5

The 5 in the numerator cancels out the 5 in the denominator.

Example 2:

3b3 6b2 + 9b 6b

3b(b2 2b + 3) 6b 3b(b2 2b + 3) 3b(2)

3b(b2 2b + 3) 3b(2)

Factored the numerator. GCF = 3b Factored the monomial in the denominator. The 3b in the numerator cancels out the 3b in the denominator. Continued next slide

= =

Example 2 cont.

3b(b2 2b + 3) 3b(2)

(b2 2b + 3) 2 b2 2b + 3 2 2 2 b2 - b + 3 2 2
Divide each term in the numerator by the term in the denominator.

= =

Remember that you can have a fraction in your answer, just reduce.

FACTOR COMPLETELY

9x2 6x 3
9x2 6x 3 3 3x2 2x

12b3 18b2 + 36b 6b

12b3 18b2 + 36b 6b 6b 6b 2b2 3b + 6

FACTOR COMPLETELY

15x3

5x

5x2

+ 10x

2x3 4x2 + 6x 4x
2x3 4x2 + 6x 4x 4x 4x x2 x + 3 2 2

15x3 5x2 + 10x 5x 5x 5x 3x2 x + 2

Application
1. A contractor built a basement for a new home. The volume of the rectangular basement is represented by the expression 3x3 + 6x2 30x. If the height of the basement is 3x, what is the area of its base? V = l x w x h

3x3 + 6x2 30x 3x

3x3 3x

6x2 3x

30x 3x

= x2 + 2x - 10

Application
2. The length of the basketball court is 6x2 + 20x. If the length is 2x times the width, what is the width of the court?

6x2 + 20x 2x

6x2 2x

20x 2x

= 3x + 10

Individual Practice - HOMEWORK Problem Set 4.7, TB pp. 272-273 Multiples of 4 (4, 8, , 60)