Ch.

3-3 Energy in Cells

Metabolism
The total of all the activities of an organism that enable it to stay alive, grow, and reproduce.

All living things are divided into two groups based on how they get their food:

Producers organisms that make their own food such as plants

Producers change light energy into chemical energy by a process called photosynthesis. Energy from sunlight is used to make glucose from carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)

Oxygen (O2) is given off as waste

 Chlorophyll, which is a green pigment (color) found in the chloroplasts of cells , absorbs sunlight.

In the end, glucose (sugar) is produced and used for energy. Glucose is stored in the roots of plants.

CO2 + H2O + Sunlight

carbon dioxide water

C6H12O6 + O2
glucose oxygen

Consumers organisms that cant make their own food

Eat producers such as vegetables and take in stored energy Also eat other consumers to get energy These relationships form a food chain

Respiration oxygen combines with glucose to release energy

Both producers and consumers go through respiration in order to use the energy from their food source.

Glucose is the food source.

 During respiration, carbon dioxide and water are given off as waste. Some of the energy that is not used is stored and some of it is lost as heat.

C6H12O6 + O2

CO2 + H2O + Energy

Fermentation a process that gives off energy without using oxygen

When oxygen levels run low, organisms use fermentation to release energy.

Examples: baking bread / extreme physical activity